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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vocal pathologies due to secondary phonotrauma
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pathological conditions caused by vocally traumatic behaviors.
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nodules
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benign growths on the VF that result from vocal abuse. callous like. pink=new, shiny and white=longstanding. diff btw polyp and nodules can be minimal or great. hard to distinguish btw these and polypoid degeneration. origin in lamina propria and are more solid than polyps. more often in adult women and young boys. 12.5% of women and 6.6% of males.
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nodules: contributing factors and perceptual signs
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physical constitution, personality, allergies, thyroid, tobacco & alcohol, hormones, voice usage.
perceptual signs: hoarseness and breathiness. pt c/o soreness or neck pain lateral to larynx that radiates to ear or chest, globus, reduced pitch range. |
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nodules: acoustic signs
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increased perturbation, decresed phonational range (upper end), decreased intensity range, s/z ratio of 1.65, airflow normal or high (to compensate for incomplete glottal closure).
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nodules: laryngoscopic and stroboscopy signs
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junction of anterior 3rd and posterior 2/3s. 1/3 of pts have mid cord. glottal chink around nodules or large posterior chink. edema and vascularity, may see mucous string. stroboscopy: normal symmetry and periodocity, reduced amp and mucosal wave, increased breathiness, hoarseness and perturbation.
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polyps
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transparent, more common in female adults. single incident of phonotrauma. tend to be hemorrhagic with sudden onset of hoarseness. occur in reinke's space. sensation of something in the throat. acoustic like nodules. increased airflow if polyp interferes with glottal closure. asymmetric VF movement if unilateral. recurrent.
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intracordal cysts
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may be mistaken for early nodules. usually unilateral, may co occur with nodules. may be caused by blockage of glandular duct --> yellowish with excess muscus. differential dianosis of type of cyst is difficult. more frequeny in young adult women and pro voice users (type a business men). caused by vocal trauma. hoarseness, tired voice and lowered pitch. absent mucosal wave at site of cyst. very close to the surface.
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edema
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build up of fluid in sup. layer of VF or in Reinke's space. 2/2 cysts or polypoid degeneration. side effect of certain drugs, allergic reaction or infections. occurs in women, esp long term smokers. severe=shortness of breath. loss of pitch range, lower F0, hoarseness and increased effort.
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laryngitis
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kinds: reflux (2/2Gerd), acute (2/2 upper resp infection), acute or chronic (2/2 phonotrauma). inflammation of VF and larynx 2/2 tobacco, alc, drugs, GERD, allergens, dust, phonotrauma, URIs. may lead to tissue changes such as hypotrophy (permanent shrinking of laryngeal epithelium). chronic can lead to laryngitic sicca=atrophy of mucosa and lack of VF lubrication (chronic cough and possible laryngeal crusting which requires surgical removal) and diphtheria, tuberculosis, syphilis, acute epiglottis (swelling of epiglottis- airway obstruction).
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sulcus vocalis
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hoarsness, furror along upper medial edge of VF (ditch). caused by vocal misuse/abuse, congenital, developmental, traumatic. more prevalent in Japan. repeated, chronic inflammation.
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