Vocabury For Skeletal Anatomy

Front 1

achondroplasia

Back 1

An inherited disease involving the conversion of cartilage to bone during bone development. This results in dwarfism with usually a normal sized trunk and head but very short extremities. There is no known treatment.

Front 2

gout

Back 2

Also called gouty arthritis; a type of acute arthritis that is cuased by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the synovial fluid of joints, usually in the lower limbs. The precipitation of the crystals, which are a waste product from protein metabolism, causes pain and inflammation. Treatment usually inlcudes anti-inflammatory drugs.

Front 3

osteitis deformans (paget's disease)

Back 3

A slowly progressive bone disease that is characterized by unregulated bone destruction followed by bone deposition, causing gross deformity of bones and bone pain. It occurs among 10% of people in their eighties or older, cause unknown.

Front 4

osteoarthritis

Back 4

The most common form of arthritis, and its sufferers experience pain, stiffness, enlargement and deformity of the afflicted joint. Its cause is unknown. Treatment: resting afflicted joint, heat and anti-inflammatory drugs, surgery in extreme cases.

Front 5

osteomalacia and rickets

Back 5

Metabolic diseases caused by deficiency of vitamin D, which is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestinal tract to the bloodstream. Rickets is seem in children with bowed bones and a soft skull, osteomalacia is seen in adults with bone softening and skeletal deformities. Treatment: calcium and vitamin D.

Front 6

osteomyelitis

Back 6

An infection of the bone most commonly caused by bacteria "staphylococcus aureau" which starts in an open fracture or other trauma and spreads through the bloodstream. Treatment: antibiotics and minor surgery to drain the area.

Front 7

osteoporosis

Back 7

A decrease in total bone mass in the elderly men and post-menopausal women. Results in increased fractures, poor posture and difficulty walking. It is caused by an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. It can counterbalanced by exercise, vitamin D and calcium, and in some cases, estrogen therapy.

Front 8

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 8

A disease involving a degeneration of cartilage and dense connective tissue in a synovial joint and its replacement with bone, fusing the joint to the bone. Autoimmune, and cause unknown with no cure. Treatment is pain killer and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Front 9

tumors of the bone

Back 9

Extremely rare and very painful, often cancerous and life threatening. The most common is malignant myeloma, which originates in the bone marrow. Other types include osteochondroma and osteogenic sarcoma, both of which are most frequent in teenagers.

Front 10

mastoid process

Back 10

in the skull on the temporal bone next to the styloid process. looks like a rounded point.

Front 11

greater wing of the sphenoid

Back 11

on the sphenoid bone of the skull. stretches out from the center of the bone behind the eyes and nose to the temples. looks like bat wings. articulates with the frontal, parietal and temporal bones.

Front 12

coracoid process

Back 12

location: upper lateral portion of the scapula, looks like a downward pointing hooked finger
job:attached to muscles to stabilize the shoulder

Front 13

trochanters

Back 13

location:a broad, flat process on the femur, at the upper end of its lateral surface (greater t.), or a short conical process on the posterior border of the base of its neck (lesser t.). the two are connected by the intertrochantery crest.

Front 14

sutures

Back 14

lines on the skull that divide the 8 cranial bones.
coronal divides the frontal and parietal, sagittal divides the two parietal, lambdoidal divides the occipital and parietal and squamosal divides parietal and temporal

Front 15

coronoid process

Back 15

location: at the top of the ulna
job: it forms the bottom of the socket for the humerus to fit into at the elbow. articulates with the humerus at the coronoid fossa

Front 16

squamosal suture

Back 16

on the side of the skull, divides the temporal bones from the parietal bones.

Front 17

maxilla

Back 17

large face bone that goes from upper teeth to cheekbones, up to tear duct area around nose. under the eyes are the infraorbital foramen. zygomatic process is on this bone, forming medial edge of cheekbone.

Front 18

madible

Back 18

facial bone the forms the jaw. made of ramus, angle and body. the alveolar margin contains the sockets for the teeth. the mental foramen are on the front. coronoid process forms front part of jaw socket toward cheekbone. condylar process forms back part of jaw socket behind ear.

Front 19

gladiolus

Back 19

location: middle of sternum
articulates with: manubrium, xiphoid process and true ribs.

Front 20

axial division

Back 20

one of two ways to divide the main parts of the body. consists of the head, the face, the vertebral column and the thorax.

Front 21

condylar process

Back 21

on the mandible bone, the back part of the jaw socket goes toward the ear. articulates with temporal bone.

Front 22

spinous process

Back 22

location: on the vertebrae
where the two laminae come together to form a spike on the back of the vertebrae.

Front 23

vertebral foramen

Back 23

large holes in the vertebrae for the spinal column. slightly larger in the cervical vertebra because of brain stem.

Front 24

axillary

Back 24

the edge of the shoulder blade that makes the bottom arch toward the armpit. between the inferior angle and the glenoid cavity fossa.

Front 25

petrous portion

Back 25

a rough, wedge shelf-like lower region that surrounds the inner ear bones.

Front 26

foramen magnum

Back 26

the largest foramen in the skull for the brain stem

Front 27

os coxa

Back 27

made of three bones (the ilium, pubis and ischium) fused together to form the hip bone. The ilium is the top wing, the pubis is the lower middle front and the ischium is the outside back. Together they are the os coxa, articulating with the sacrum.

Front 28

acetabulum

Back 28

a concave surface of the pelvis. it is right in the middle where the ilium, ischium and pubis join. the head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint.

Front 29

calcaneus

Back 29

the heel. largest bone in the foot.

Front 30

tibia

Back 30

the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones, at the shin. only leg bone in the knee. takes on 85% of the weight. articulates with talus.

Front 31

glenoid fossa

Back 31

located on the outside edge of the scapula under the corocoid and acromion processes. articulates with the humerus. it is the socket for the head of the humerus.

Front 32

vertebral margin

Back 32

the medial edge of the scapula that faces the vertebra. muscles attach to it.

Front 33

infraorbital margin

Back 33

the foramen right under the eyes on either side of the nose in the maxilla bone of the face. passageway for nerves and veins.

Front 34

mental foramen

Back 34

foramen in the front of the mandible

Front 35

bicipital tuberosity

Back 35

where the biceps attach to the radius. a bump on the inner medial side of the radius, just below the head.

Front 36

frontal bone

Back 36

in the skull, forehead and superior orbital foramen

Front 37

surgical neck

Back 37

in both the humerus and the femur. humerus is between the greater and lesser tuberosities below the head. femur between the head and the shaft.

Front 38

deltoid tuberosity

Back 38

bump in the middle of the humurus shaft. used for muscle attachment.

Front 39

fibula

Back 39

in lower leg, smaller and weaker bone. does not articulate with femur but does with tibia.

Front 40

medial malleolus

Back 40

on the bottom outside end of the tibia. looks like a hook. articulates with the talus. forms the medial portion of the ankle.

Front 41

innominate

Back 41

same as the os coxa?

Front 42

pubis

Back 42

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 43

carpal

Back 43

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 44

tarsal

Back 44

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 45

coronoid fossa

Back 45

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 46

radius

Back 46

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 47

styloid process

Back 47

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 48

olecrannon process

Back 48

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 49

lacrimal

Back 49

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 50

sternum

Back 50

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 51

xiphoid process

Back 51

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 52

zygomatic arch

Back 52

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 53

supraorbital margin

Back 53

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 54

pelvic girdle

Back 54

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 55

radial notch

Back 55

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 56

sella turcica

Back 56

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 57

ethmoid

Back 57

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 58

ligament

Back 58

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 59

malar

Back 59

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 60

ulna

Back 60

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 61

tuberosity of rib

Back 61

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 62

# of ribs

Back 62

true:
false:
floating:

Front 63

# of vertebrae in each region

Back 63

cervical:
thoracic:
lumbar:
sacral:

Front 64

clavicle

Back 64

location: collar bone
job: it is part of the pectoral girdle, which holds up the arms and shoulders.
articulates with: the sternum and the acromion process (by way of a ligament)

Front 65

patella

Back 65

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 66

tibial crest

Back 66

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 67

tibial tuberosity

Back 67

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 68

# of bones in the skull

Back 68

?

Front 69

hypophyseal fossa

Back 69

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 70

hypophysis gland

Back 70

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 71

crista galli

Back 71

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 72

cribiform plate

Back 72

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 73

perpendicular plate

Back 73

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 74

ilium

Back 74

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 75

collagen

Back 75

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 76

matrix

Back 76

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 77

scaphoid

Back 77

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 78

sesamoid

Back 78

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 79

olfactory foramina

Back 79

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 80

osteocyte

Back 80

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 81

scoliosis

Back 81

victims, symptoms, cause, treatment

Front 82

annulus fibrosus

Back 82

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 83

fibrocartilage

Back 83

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 84

sagittal plane

Back 84

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 85

adipose

Back 85

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 86

hamate

Back 86

latin for hooked

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 87

canaliciuli

Back 87

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 88

coronal plane

Back 88

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 89

trochlea

Back 89

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 90

atlas

Back 90

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 91

axis

Back 91

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 92

hyaline

Back 92

location: hyaline cartilage exists on the ventral ends of ribs;and on the articular surface of bones
job: consists of a slimy mass of a firm consistency, but of considerable elasticity, which provides a protective coating

Front 93

cancellous

Back 93

same as trabecula bone?

Front 94

haversian system

Back 94

location:
job:
articulates with:

Front 95

trabeculae

Back 95

fills the insides of long bones
also called "spongy bone" looks like tiny latticework
it is where the red bone marrow is, and where most of the arteries and veins of bone organs are found

Front 96

palatine

Back 96

location: together, the two palatine bones form an L-shape that are the posterior floor of the nasal cavity
The palatine articulates with six bones: the sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla, inferior nasal concha, vomer and opposite palatine

Front 97

pectoral girdle

Back 97

clavicle and the scapula

Front 98

appendicular division

Back 98

"Pectoral Girdle": clavicle and scapula
"Upper Limbs": humerus, ulna, radius, carpal bones and hand
"Pelvic Girdle": coxa and pubis
"Lower Limbs":femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsus, metatarsals and phalanges

Front 99

transverse foramina

Back 99

location: on the transverse processes of the upper six vertebra
job: passageway for arteries to the brain plus the top ones are larger for the brain stem

Front 100

dens

Back 100

location: C2
job: means "tooth" and it serves as a stable point for the atlas to rotate around

Front 101

What does lateral mean?

Back 101

outside (away from the middle of the body)

Front 102

What does medial mean?

Back 102

inside (toward the middle of the body

Front 103

What does superior mean?

Back 103

above

Front 104

What does posterior mean?

Back 104

back

Front 105

What does anterior mean?

Back 105

front

Front 106

What does inferior mean?

Back 106

below