Vocabulary 03

Front 1

executive

Back 1

高中级管理人员；高管/ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/

On Site Commander (OSC) for emergencies because of his continuous availability and plant knowledge. In this case, he will appear ahead of the manager or other more senior company executives in the emergency reporting system.

Front 2

Freeze-up

Back 2

N a period of freezing or extremely cold weather 冰冻期; 严寒期

Front 3

next of kin

Back 3

Next of kin is sometimes used to refer to the person who is your closest relative, especially in official or legal documents. 近亲 (尤用于官方或法律文件) [正式]

Front 4

notifiy

Back 4

V-T If you notify someone of something, you officially inform them about it.

通知 [正式] /ˈnəʊtɪˌfaɪ/

The use of tables and simple graphics is recommended, to make it easier to recognize and understand the steps to be followed, or persons to be notified.

Front 5

escalate

Back 5

If a bad situation escalates or if someone or something escalates it, it becomes greater in size, seriousness, or intensity.

使…加剧; 加剧/ˈɛskəˌleɪt/

The plan must also be designed as an escalating phase response (Table 3), which allows the OSC to assess his decisions and actions before proceeding with the next activity.

Front 6

evacuate

Back 6

V-T If people evacuate a place, they move out of it for a period of time, especially because it is dangerous. (尤指因为危险而) 撤离 /ɪˈvækjʊˌeɪt/

For example, after the OSC has evacuated the plant and mobilized firefighters, he must decide if the situation is under control, or if other measures are necessary.

Front 7

mobilize

Back 7

If you mobilize support or mobilize people to do something, you succeed in encouraging people to take action, especially political action. If people mobilize, they prepare to take action.

动员; 动员起来 /ˈməʊbɪˌlaɪz/

V-T If you mobilize resources, you start to use them or make them available for use. 调动

For example, after the OSC has evacuated the plant and mobilized firefighters, he must decide if the situation is under control, or if other measures are necessary.

Front 8

firefighter

Back 8

消防队员 /ˈfaɪəˌfaɪtə/

For example, after the OSC has evacuated the plant and mobilized firefighters, he must decide if the situation is under control, or if other measures are necessary.

Front 9

cannot be over-emphasized

Back 9

怎么强调也不过分

The importance of clear communication in emergency situations cannot be over-emphasized. This includes reference materials, drawings, diagrams, maps and pictures that can be used by emergency responders to describe the situation, plan their next response activity, or provide instruction or information to the front line response team.

Front 10

front line

Back 10

第一线; 前线

The importance of clear communication in emergency situations cannot be over-emphasized. This includes reference materials, drawings, diagrams, maps and pictures that can be used by emergency responders to describe the situation, plan their next response activity, or provide instruction or information to the front line response team.

Front 11

protocol

Back 11

A protocol is a set of rules for exchanging information between computers.
(计算机间交换信息的) 协议/ˈprəʊtəˌkɒl/

Radio communication is also required during emergencies - correct protocol should be used to ensure efficiency and clarity.

Front 12

clarity

Back 12

N-UNCOUNT Clarity is the quality of being clear in outline or sound.

(指轮廓、声音等) 清晰 /ˈklærɪtɪ/

Radio communication is also required during emergencies - correct protocol should be used to ensure efficiency and clarity.

Front 13

comprehensive

Back 13

Something that is comprehensive includes everything that is needed or relevant.
全面的；综合的 /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsɪv/

To provide adequate environmental protection in an emergency situation, the plan developer must have comprehensive knowledge of the location's physical environmental conditions.

Front 14

revailing wind

Back 14

The prevailing wind in an area is the type of wind that blows over that area most of the time.
[气象] 盛行风/prɪˈveɪlɪŋ/

Such factors as the prevailing wind direction, surface and sub-surface soil conditions, drainage patterns, and areas of extreme sensitivity (like rivers, lakes and ponds), must be taken into account.

Front 15

drainage

Back 15

N-UNCOUNT Drainage is the system or process by which water or other liquids are drained from a place. 排水; 排水系统 /ˈdreɪnɪdʒ/

Such factors as the prevailing wind direction, surface and sub-surface soil conditions, drainage patterns, and areas of extreme sensitivity (like rivers, lakes and ponds), must be taken into account.

Front 16

pertinent

Back 16

Something that is pertinent is relevant to a particular subject. 相关的 [正式] /ˈpɜːtɪnənt/

The plan developer should collect all pertinent environmental data available from previous Environmental Impact Studies (EIS), federal and provincial government sources, design and construction engineers, and previous occupants of the site.

Front 17

occupant

Back 17

N-COUNT The occupants of a building or room are the people who live or work there.
(建筑、房间的) 居用者/ˈɒkjʊpənt/

Front 18

climatic condition

Back 18

气候条件 /klaɪˈmætɪk/

In addition to site environmental knowledge, a clear understanding of the local climatic conditions is helpful. These must be addressed in the plan, to ensure proposed responses are viable under all seasonal conditions.

Front 19

appendices

Back 19

Appendices is a plural form of .

appendix的复数形式 /əˈpɛndɪsiːz/

N-COUNT An appendix to a book is extra information that is placed after the end of the main text. 附录

Appendices to the plan should include the following:

Front 20

escape routes

Back 20

疏散通道

Building details showing escape routes.

Front 21

phonetic

Back 21

of or relating to phonetics 语音的/fəˈnɛtɪk/

International phonetic alphabet.

Front 22

International phonetic alphabet

Back 22

国际音标

Front 23

extracts

Back 23

N-COUNT An extract from a book or piece of writing is a small part of it that is printed or published separately. 摘录; 选段 /ˈɛkstrækt/

Extracts from applicable legislation and regulations.

Front 24

directive

Back 24

N-COUNT A directive is an official instruction that is given by someone in authority.
官方指示 /dɪˈrɛktɪv, daɪ-/

Company policy and directives.

Front 25

committee

Back 25

A committee is a group of people who meet to make decisions or plans for a larger group or organization that they represent.

委员会 /kəˈmɪtɪ/

Acceptance of an emergency response plan starts at the most senior management level and ends with the shop foreman and workers' safety committee.

Front 26

activate

Back 26

V-T If a device or process is activated, something causes it to start working. 激活 /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/

It is the responsibility of the OSC to activate the command centre and perform the subsequent notifications (for example, to the police).

Front 27

subsequent

Back 27

You use subsequent to describe something that happened or existed after the time or event that has just been referred to.

随后的 [正式] /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/

It is the responsibility of the OSC to activate the command centre and perform the subsequent notifications (for example, to the police).

Front 28

chart

Back 28

N-COUNT A chart is a diagram, picture, or graph which is intended to make information easier to understand. 图表 /tʃɑːt/

Notification lists and charts must be site-specific. When they are initially created, they must be exercised and tested to ensure their effectiveness.

Front 29

site-specific

Back 29

Notification lists and charts must be site-specific. When they are initially created, they must be exercised and tested to ensure their effectiveness.

Front 30

set out

Back 30

to present ideas, facts, etc. in an organized way, in speech or writing 阐述; 提出

The Occupational Health and Safety Code Part 7 (2006) sets out the minimum requirements for the contents of the Emergency Response plans.

Front 31

rescue

Back 31

N-COUNT A rescue is an attempt to save someone from a dangerous or unpleasant situation. 营救行动/ˈrɛskjuː/

Procedures for rescue and evacuation.

Front 32

evacuation

Back 32

疏散；撤离 /ɪˌvækyuˈeɪʃn/

Procedures for rescue and evacuation.

Front 33

inventory

Back 33

N-COUNT An inventory is a written list of all the objects in a particular place such as all the merchandise in a shop. 清单 /ˈɪnvəntərɪ/

If you have large chemical or mixed chemical storage areas, then an inventory and map should be included that identifies the classification and location of the chemicals on site.

Front 34

on site

Back 34

原地；原位

If you have large chemical or mixed chemical storage areas, then an inventory and map should be included that identifies the classification and location of the chemicals on site.

Front 35

commissionaire

Back 35

N a uniformed doorman at a hotel, theatre, etc (酒店、剧院等的)门警 /kəˌmɪʃəˈnɛə/

The Security Officer (SO) is responsible for ensuring security of the site and safety of personnel. This could be a commissionaire or senior administrative assistant.

Front 36

brief

Back 36

V-T If someone briefs you, especially about a piece of work or a serious matter, they give you information that you need before you do it or consider it. 介绍; 提供 (信息)

Briefing senior management.

Front 37

ongoing

Back 37

continuing to exist or develop

进行中的 /ˈɒnˌɡəʊɪŋ/

Monitoring the ongoing emergency and response situation.

Front 38

demobilize

Back 38

If a country or armed force demobilizes its troops, or if its troops demobilize, its troops are released from service and allowed to go home. 遣散 (军队等) /diːˈməʊbɪˌlaɪz/

Demobilizing the assistance.

Front 39

media personnel

Back 39

新闻人员;媒体人员

Company media personnel are responsible for the formulation and release of information about the emergency (to management, employees, and other appropriate agencies and organizations).

Front 40

media

Back 40

You can refer to television, radio, newspapers, and magazines as the media. 媒体/ˈmiːdɪə/

Company media personnel are responsible for the formulation and release of information about the emergency (to management, employees, and other appropriate agencies and organizations).

Front 41

formulation

Back 41

N-VAR A formulation is the way in which you express your thoughts and ideas.

表述方式 /ˌfɔːmjʊˈleɪʃən/

Company media personnel are responsible for the formulation and release of information about the emergency (to management, employees, and other appropriate agencies and organizations).

Front 42

liaison personnel

Back 42

联络人(员) /lɪˈeɪzɒn/

Liaison personnel are responsible for helping arrange assistance from cooperating industries, towns and government agencies.

Front 43

logistics personnel

Back 43

后勤人员; 物流人员 /lɒˈdʒɪstɪks/

Logistics personnel are responsible for providing facilities, services and material in support of the emergency response actions.

Front 44

logistics

Back 44

If you refer to the logistics of doing something complicated that involves a lot of people or equipment, you are referring to the skilful organization of it so that it can be done successfully and efficiently. 后勤 /lɒˈdʒɪstɪks/

[uncountable] (business) the business of transporting and delivering goods 物流

Logistics personnel are responsible for providing facilities, services and material in support of the emergency response actions.

Front 45

in support of

Back 45

支持

Logistics personnel are responsible for providing facilities, services and material in support of the emergency response actions.

Front 46

competency

Back 46

N-UNCOUNT Competence is the ability to do something well or effectively. (同competence)
能力 /ˈkɒmpɪtənsɪ/

Emergency response training schedules for personnel should be reviewed on a regular basis to maintain an appropriate level of competency.

Front 47

drill

Back 47

a practice of what to do in an emergency, for example if there is a fire

(应付紧急情况的)演习 /drɪl/

Conducting emergency response drills will help to evaluate your plan and identify any areas of weakness. While a tabletop exercise is somewhat effective, a mock emergency drill should be conducted on a yearly basis.

Front 48

tabletop exercise

Back 48

桌面演习;沙盘推演

Conducting emergency response drills will help to evaluate your plan and identify any areas of weakness. While a tabletop exercise is somewhat effective, a mock emergency drill should be conducted on a yearly basis.

Front 49

tabletop

Back 49

the top or the surface of a table桌面 /ˈteɪblˌtɑp/

Conducting emergency response drills will help to evaluate your plan and identify any areas of weakness. While a tabletop exercise is somewhat effective, a mock emergency drill should be conducted on a yearly basis.

Front 50

a mock emergency drill

Back 50

一个模拟应急演习

Conducting emergency response drills will help to evaluate your plan and identify any areas of weakness. While a tabletop exercise is somewhat effective, a mock emergency drill should be conducted on a yearly basis.

Front 51

mock

Back 51

that is a copy of something; not real

模拟的；模仿的 /mɒk/

Conducting emergency response drills will help to evaluate your plan and identify any areas of weakness. While a tabletop exercise is somewhat effective, a mock emergency drill should be conducted on a yearly basis.

Front 52

spectator

Back 52

a person who is watching an event, especially a sports event 观众 /spɛkˈteɪtə/

It may be necessary to patrol the zone to keep spectators at a safe distance.

Front 53

at a safe distance

Back 53

在安全的距离

It may be necessary to patrol the zone to keep spectators at a safe distance.

Front 54

upwind

Back 54

n. 逆风;adj. 逆风的;adv. 逆风地/ˌʌpˈwɪnd/

Approach from upwind to avoid coming in contact with vapours. Keep in mind that many vapours and gases are odourless, colourless and heavier than air, and may accumulate in low-lying areas.

Front 55

vapour

Back 55

Vapour consists of tiny drops of water or other liquids in the air, that appear as mist.

蒸汽 /ˈveɪpə/

Approach from upwind to avoid coming in contact with vapours. Keep in mind that many vapours and gases are odourless, colourless and heavier than air, and may accumulate in low-lying areas.

Front 56

odourless

Back 56

An odourless substance has no smell.

无气味的 /ˈəʊdəlɪs/

Approach from upwind to avoid coming in contact with vapours. Keep in mind that many vapours and gases are odourless, colourless and heavier than air, and may accumulate in low-lying areas.

Front 57

colourless

Back 57

Something that is colourless has no colour at all. 无色的 /ˈkʌləlɪs/

Approach from upwind to avoid coming in contact with vapours. Keep in mind that many vapours and gases are odourless, colourless and heavier than air, and may accumulate in low-lying areas.

Front 58

low-lying

Back 58

(of land)not high, and usually fairly flat adj. 低洼的

Approach from upwind to avoid coming in contact with vapours. Keep in mind that many vapours and gases are odourless, colourless and heavier than air, and may accumulate in low-lying areas.

Front 59

placard

Back 59

N-COUNT A placard is a large notice that is carried in a march or displayed in a public place.
标语牌; 布告 /ˈplækɑːd/

Placards and/or labeling symbols will provide information as to the type of hazard involved.

Front 60

as to

Back 60

used when you are referring to something

关于;至于

Placards and/or labeling symbols will provide information as to the type of hazard involved.

Front 61

marking

Back 61

N-COUNT lines, colors, or shapes painted on roads, vehicles, etc.
记号;(刷在道路，车辆等上的)线条，标记等

Other markings, such as the rail car number or vehicle license plate number, may be used to trace the shipment and determine the contents.

Front 62

rail car

Back 62

机动轨道车

Other markings, such as the rail car number or vehicle license plate number, may be used to trace the shipment and determine the contents.

Front 63

vehicle license plate

Back 63

车牌

Other markings, such as the rail car number or vehicle license plate number, may be used to trace the shipment and determine the contents.

Front 64

determine

Back 64

V-T To determine a fact means to discover it as a result of investigation. 查明 [正式] /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/

Other markings, such as the rail car number or vehicle license plate number, may be used to trace the shipment and determine the contents.

Front 65

terrain

Back 65

Terrain is used to refer to an area of land or a type of land when you are considering its physical features. 地形 /təˈreɪn/

What is the terrain like?

Front 66

diking

Back 66

筑堤；围堤（dike的ing形式）

Is diking necessary? What resources (human and equipment) are required and which are readily available?

Front 67

readily

Back 67

ADV You also use readily to say that something can be done or obtained quickly and easily. For example, if you say that something can be readily understood, you mean that people can understand it quickly and easily.

容易地; 迅速地 /ˈrɛdɪlɪ/

Is diking necessary? What resources (human and equipment) are required and which are readily available?

Front 68

in the immediate area

Back 68

在附近地区

The first duty is to consider the safety of those people in the immediate area, including your own safety.

Front 69

immediate

Back 69

You use immediate to describe an area or position that is next to or very near a particular place or person. 紧邻的 /ɪˈmiːdɪət/

The first duty is to consider the safety of those people in the immediate area, including your own safety.

Front 70

stopboard

Back 70

挡板

The stopboard of a short-put circle is a circular arc 1.22 m in length.The radius of the circle is 1.06 m. What is the central angle (in degrees)?

Front 71

short-put

Back 71

推铅球

The stopboard of a short-put circle is a circular arc 1.22 m in length.The radius of the circle is 1.06 m. What is the central angle (in degrees)?

Front 72

circular arc

Back 72

圆弧

Something that is circular is shaped like a circle. 圆形的 /ˈsɜːkjʊlə/

The stopboard of a short-put circle is a circular arc 1.22 m in length.The radius of the circle is 1.06 m. What is the central angle (in degrees)?

Front 73

drill bit

Back 73

钻头

A drill bit 9.53 mm in diameter rotates at 1260 r/min. What is the linear velocity of a point on its circumference (in mm/s)?

Front 74

circumference

Back 74

N-UNCOUNT The circumference of a circle, place, or round object is its edge. 周边 /səˈkʌmfərəns/

A drill bit 9.53 mm in diameter rotates at 1260 r/min. What is the linear velocity of a point on its circumference (in mm/s)?

Front 75

a guy wire

Back 75

n. 拉线；牵索

The angle of elevation from the point where a guy wire is anchored into the ground to where the wire is anchored to the top of a tower is 52.0.

Front 76

coordinates

Back 76

N-COUNT The coordinates of a point on a map or graph are the two sets of numbers or letters that you need in order to find that point.

坐标 /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪts/

Sketch on full cycle of the following functions. Label the axes s that it is possible to see the coordinates of five critical values. (Assume all angles are in radians)

Front 77

culvert

Back 77

N-COUNT A culvert is a water pipe or sewer that crosses under a road or railway. 排水管 /ˈkʌlvət/

A straight 120−m culvert is built down a hillside that makes an angle of 54 with the horizontal. Find the height of the hill.

Front 78

perimeter

Back 78

N-COUNT The perimeter of an area of land is the whole of its outer edge or boundary.
周长;周边; 周界/pəˈrɪmɪtə/

Find the perimeter of a regular octagon (equal sides with equal interior angles) that is inscribed in a cricle (all vertices of the octagon touch the circle) of radius 10 cm.

Front 79

octagon

Back 79

N-COUNT An octagon is a shape that has eight straight sides. 八边形 /ˈɒktəɡən/

Find the perimeter of a regular octagon (equal sides with equal interior angles) that is inscribed in a cricle (all vertices of the octagon touch the circle) of radius 10 cm.

Front 80

inscribe

Back 80

内切 /ɪnˈskraɪb/

Find the perimeter of a regular octagon (equal sides with equal interior angles) that is inscribed in a cricle (all vertices of the octagon touch the circle) of radius 10 cm.

Front 81

vertices

Back 81

顶点（vertex的复数） /ˈvərt̮əsiz/

Find the perimeter of a regular octagon (equal sides with equal interior angles) that is inscribed in a cricle (all vertices of the octagon touch the circle) of radius 10 cm.

Front 82

identity

Back 82

恒等式 /aɪˈdɛntɪtɪ/

Find the perimeter of a regular octagon (equal sides with equal interior angles) that is inscribed in a cricle (all vertices of the octagon touch the circle) of radius 10 cm.

Front 83

synchronous

Back 83

occurring at the same time; contemporaneous 同时的 /ˈsɪŋkrənəs/

Front 84

asynchronous

Back 84

(of two or more objects or events) not existing or happening at the same time异步的 /eɪˈsɪŋkrənəs/

Front 85

frequent

Back 85

If something is frequent, it happens often. 频繁的 /ˈfriːkwənt/

Inspections must be a frequent and ongoing part of a worker's daily routine.

Front 86

Ultimately

Back 86

Ultimately means finally, after a long and often complicated series of events. 最终 /ˈʌltɪmɪtlɪ/

Ultimately, the manager with the most control of the work site is held accountable for making sure that inspections are completed, analyzed and that corrective action is taken to reduce or eliminate any problems found.

Front 87

phrase

Back 87

the manager with the most control of the work site

Ultimately, the manager with the most control of the work site is held accountable for making sure that inspections are completed, analyzed and that corrective action is taken to reduce or eliminate any problems found.

Front 88

recognize

Back 88

to admit or to be aware that something exists or is true /ˈrɛkəɡˌnaɪz/

Most people have the ability to recognize when something is out of place, when something is in poor working order, or when someone is performing a task dangerously.

Front 89

out of place

Back 89

not in the correct place不在适当的位置

Most people have the ability to recognize when something is out of place, when something is in poor working order, or when someone is performing a task dangerously.

Front 90

grow

Back 90

V-LINK You use grow to say that someone or something gradually changes until they have a new quality, feeling, or attitude. 变得

However, sometimes a worker can grow to take certain practices for granted.

Front 91

take for granted

Back 91

认为…理所当然；想当然

However, sometimes a worker can grow to take certain practices for granted.

Front 92

become blind to

Back 92

变得盲目

Statements such as "That's the way it has always been done" or "That is a standard industry practice" may be indicators that people have become blind to unsafe conditions or procedures.

Front 93

to an extent

Back 93

在一定程度上

This can be avoided, to an extent, by having more than one person perform an inspection, by alternating inspection teams or by rotating personnel. Fresh eyes are more likely to identify hazards.

Front 94

fresh eyes

Back 94

其他人的眼睛

This can be avoided, to an extent, by having more than one person perform an inspection, by alternating inspection teams or by rotating personnel. Fresh eyes are more likely to identify hazards.

Front 95

severity

Back 95

严重程度/səˈvɛrət̮i/

Severity refers to how much an incident will cost the company.

Front 96

phrase

Back 96

the loss of customer respect

Other costs are difficult to determine, such as the loss of customer respect if you have a toxic chemical released to the environment. Generally, for every dollar spent on a loss, there's two to three dollars more in costs that are hidden.

Front 97

phrase

Back 97

what is the probability that the spill will be large?

If there is a spill, what is the probability that the spill will be large?

Front 98

plot

Back 98

V-T When people plot a strategy or a course of action, they carefully plan each step of it. 制订 /plɒt/

You then take the identified hazard and plot it on a table.

Front 99

immediate attention

Back 99

立即处理

Any hazard that is less than 6 does not need immediate attention but will eventually need to be addressed.

Front 100

evaluate against

Back 100

Each hazard you identify while conducting an inspection needs to be evaluated against the amount of risk it poses to the company and their workers.

Front 101

be competent to

Back 101

有能力的；胜任 /ˈkɒmpɪtənt/

and you may be inspecting as a team until you are competent to complete them on your own.

Front 102

overlook

Back 102

V-T If you overlook a fact or problem, you do not notice it, or do not realize how important it is.
忽视 /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/

Standards overlooked during design.

Front 103

function

Back 103

V-I If a machine or system is functioning, it is working or operating. 运转

Hazards not discovered during job/task analysis. These items often become more apparent when inspecting a functioning workplace.

Front 104

wear and tear

Back 104

n. 磨损；日久耗损

Equipment deficiencies caused by normal wear and tear, or by abuse and misuse.
Improper or substandard employee activities and procedures.

Front 105

substandard

Back 105

A substandard service or product is unacceptable because it is below a required standard.
低于标准的; 不合格的 /sʌbˈstændəd/

Equipment deficiencies caused by normal wear and tear, or by abuse and misuse.
Improper or substandard employee activities and procedures.

Front 106

cumulative effects

Back 106

累积效应/ˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv/

The effects of changes to processes or materials. Changes often occur gradually and their cumulative effects can easily go unnoticed.

Front 107

cumulative

Back 107

If a series of events have a cumulative effect, each event makes the effect greater.

累积的/ˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv/

The effects of changes to processes or materials. Changes often occur gradually and their cumulative effects can easily go unnoticed.

Front 108

go unnoticed

Back 108

未被察觉的;不被察觉

The effects of changes to processes or materials. Changes often occur gradually and their cumulative effects can easily go unnoticed.

Front 109

dramatic

Back 109

A dramatic change or event happens suddenly and is very noticeable and surprising.
突然引人注目的 /drəˈmætɪk/

Other changes are dramatic and may result in the need for a complete process hazard analysis, or HAZOP review.

Front 110

phrase

Back 110

Employees work within their knowledge or skill level. 在他们的知识或技能水平内

Front 111

question

Back 111

V-T If you question something, you have or express doubts about whether it is true, reasonable, or worthwhile. 怀疑

However, workers must be comfortable in questioning and rethinking the procedures and rules that apply to their jobs, especially if they believe that the rules do not properly address the hazard, or in itself creates a hazard.

Front 112

rethink

Back 112

V-T If you rethink something such as a problem, a plan, or a policy, you think about it again and change it. 重新考虑

However, workers must be comfortable in questioning and rethinking the procedures and rules that apply to their jobs, especially if they believe that the rules do not properly address the hazard, or in itself creates a hazard.

Front 113

Under most legislation

Back 113

Under most legislation, it is the workers' right and responsibility to refuse work that they feel is unsafe or that they are not competent to perform.

Front 114

adept

Back 114

Someone who is adept at something can do it skilfully. 熟练的；擅长…的/əˈdɛpt/

Hazards can be difficult to identify but with training and experience, you can become more adept in recognizing hazard indicators.

Front 115

logbook

Back 115

日志

They do not require a formal report, although some record of their completion should be noted in a logbook or journal.

Front 116

journal

Back 116

日志

They do not require a formal report, although some record of their completion should be noted in a logbook or journal.

Front 117

on the spot

Back 117

当场；在现场

In these inspection cases, information or feedback is given verbally on the spot, and may be noted in writing at a later date.

Front 118

at a later date

Back 118

迟些时间；过些天

In these inspection cases, information or feedback is given verbally on the spot, and may be noted in writing at a later date.

Front 119

go a long way (toward)

Back 119

对…大有帮助

a few words of praise can go a long way toward creating a healthy and safe workplace.

Front 120

systematic

Back 120

系统的，有计划的/ˌsɪstɪˈmætɪk/

Informal inspections are not systematic, and they may miss items that take extra effort to examine.

Front 121

spot

Back 121

V-T If you spot something or someone, you notice them. 发现

However, by raising their own awareness, employees can learn to spot potential problems as they go about their regular activities.

Front 122

raise one’s awareness

Back 122

提高人的意识

Front 123

checklist

Back 123

A checklist is a list of all the things that you need to do, information that you want to find out, or things that you need to take somewhere, which you make in order to ensure that you do not forget anything. 清单 /ˈtʃɛkˌlɪst/

A checklist is an effective way to keep records and document inspections.

Front 124

forward

Back 124

V-T If a letter or message is forwarded to someone, it is sent to the place where they are, after having been sent to a different place earlier. 转发 /ˈfɔːwəd/

Completed copies of the worksite inspection checklist and worksite inspection report must be forwarded to senior management, the health and safety committee, and the supervisors of the area

Front 125

components of machinery

Back 125

机械零部件

Critical parts or items are the components of machinery, equipment or structures that will cause major problems when they are worn, damaged or misused.

Front 126

worn

Back 126

Worn is used to describe something that is damaged or thin because it is old and has been used a lot. 用旧的; 用坏的/wɔːn/

Critical parts or items are the components of machinery, equipment or structures that will cause major problems when they are worn, damaged or misused.

Front 127

apparatus

Back 127

N-VAR Apparatus is the equipment, such as tools and machines, which is used to do a particular job or activity. 设备 /ˌæpəˈreɪtəs/

For example, a plant may use a critical parts inspection to check once a week on the availability and functionality of fire-fighting equipment, personal gas detection equipment, self-contained breathing apparatus, or other items critical to worker health and safety.

Front 128

productivity

Back 128

生产力 /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvɪtɪ/

This helps ensure that everything in the workplace contributes to maximum productivity, safety and cost control.

Front 129

walk-through

Back 129

走查

A general inspection is a comprehensive, regularly scheduled walk-through inspection of an entire worksite.

Front 130

entire

Back 130

You use entire when you want to emphasize that you are referring to the whole of something, for example, the whole of a place, time, or population. 全部的; 整个的 [强调] /ɪnˈtaɪə/

Front 131

uncover

Back 131

V-T If you uncover something, especially something that has been kept secret, you discover or find out about it. 找出，发现 /ʌnˈkʌvə/
Inspectors examine everything and talk to workers in the area to uncover potential hazards.

Front 132

observant

Back 132

Someone who is observant pays a lot of attention to things and notices more about them than most people do. 善于观察的 /əbˈzɜːvənt/

Inspectors prepare themselves to be observant and vigilant.

Front 133

vigilant

Back 133

Someone who is vigilant gives careful attention to a particular problem or situation and concentrates on noticing any danger or trouble that there might be. 警惕的 /ˈvɪdʒɪlənt/

Inspectors prepare themselves to be observant and vigilant.

Front 134

beyond normal eye level

Back 134

Inspectors look beyond normal eye level - around, behind, beneath, and above all operating activities.

Front 135

document

Back 135

V-T If you document something, you make a detailed record of it in writing or on film or tape. 记录

Findings and recommendations are formally documented and reported.

Front 136

finding

Back 136

调查结果

Findings and recommendations are formally documented and reported.

Front 137

sound

Back 137

Sound advice, reasoning, or evidence is reliable and sensible. 可靠的

When preparing for an inspection tour: Start with a positive attitude and a sound workplan. Area plans or equipment layouts. Flashlight and camera (if permitted in the area).

Front 138

Flashlight

Back 138

手电筒

Front 139

out-of-the-way

Back 139

不合常规的

Remember to look for out-of-the-way items and hazards.

Front 140

locate

Back 140

V-T If you locate something or someone, you find out where they are. 找到，定位 [正式] /ləʊˈkeɪt/

Specifically, the inspector should:
Describe and locate each hazard or item of concern.
Identify items that seem unnecessary and that add to clutter.

Front 141

item of concern

Back 141

关注的项目;担心的项目

Specifically, the inspector should:
Describe and locate each hazard or item of concern.
Identify items that seem unnecessary and that add to clutter.

Front 142

add to clutter

Back 142

增加混乱

Specifically, the inspector should:
Describe and locate each hazard or item of concern.
Identify items that seem unnecessary and that add to clutter.

Front 143

intervene

Back 143

V-I If you intervene in a situation, you become involved in it and try to change it. 干预 /ˌɪntəˈviːn/

When conducting the inspection, inspectors must intervene immediately if they observe any worker in a dangerous situation.

Front 144

observe

Back 144

V-T If you observe someone or something, you see or notice them. 观察到 [正式] /əbˈzɜːv/

When conducting the inspection, inspectors must intervene immediately if they observe any worker in a dangerous situation.

Front 145

fall arrest system

Back 145

坠落悬挂安全系统

If you witness this worker not using the fall arrest system, stop your inspection and address it immediately.

Front 146

undermine one’s authority

Back 146

V-T If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority, you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods. (通常以间接方式) 动摇 (某人的地位或权威) /ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/

You do not want to undermine the supervisor's authority by telling workers what to do. Doing so would create tension and change the inspection process from finding hazards to punishing the workers.

Front 147

tension

Back 147

紧张局面/ˈtɛnʃən/

You do not want to undermine the supervisor's authority by telling workers what to do. Doing so would create tension and change the inspection process from finding hazards to punishing the workers.

Front 148

Justification

Back 148

N-VAR A justification for something is an acceptable reason or explanation for it.
正当的理由 /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

When considering remedial actions, the critical factors are: Justification for the control measures recommended.
Timing of when the corrective action is to be completed, based on the severity of the hazard and the likelihood that an injury may result.

Front 149

Timing of when..

Back 149

安排何时…

V-T If you time something for a particular hour, day, or period, you plan or decide to do it or cause it to happen at this time. 为…安排时间

Front 150

summarize

Back 150

If you summarize something, you give a summary of it. 总结 /ˈsʌməˌraɪz/

A report must be written to summarize the inspection and recommend follow up action. It should contain the following information:

Front 151

follow up action

Back 151

后续行动；跟进工作

A report must be written to summarize the inspection and recommend follow up action. It should contain the following information:

Front 152

effectiveness

Back 152

有效性

An audit is a process used to evaluate the design and effectiveness of a system or program. Employees provide input concerning the implementation and practicality of the system.

Front 153

input

Back 153

Input consists of information or resources that a group or project receives. 信息; 资源 /ˈɪnˌpʊt/

An audit is a process used to evaluate the design and effectiveness of a system or program. Employees provide input concerning the implementation and practicality of the system.

Front 154

practicality

Back 154

实用性

An audit is a process used to evaluate the design and effectiveness of a system or program. Employees provide input concerning the implementation and practicality of the system.

Front 155

on a worksite

Back 155

An inspection is used to visually identify physical hazards on a worksite. It usually relies on some form of checklist that assists the inspectors.

Front 156

rely on

Back 156

依赖，依仗

Front 157

tangled

Back 157

缠结的

Which of the following is not a housekeeping hazard?
a) Tangled air hose. b) Inadequate signage. c) Snow on the step. d) Overflowing garbage.

Front 158

tangle

Back 158

If something is tangled or tangles, it becomes twisted together in a messy way.

使缠结; 缠结 /ˈtæŋɡəl/

Which of the following is not a housekeeping hazard?
a) Tangled air hose. b) Inadequate signage. c) Snow on the step. d) Overflowing garbage.

Front 159

overflow

Back 159

V-I If a place or container is overflowing with people or things, it is too full of them.

挤满/ˌoʊvərˈfloʊ/

Which of the following is not a housekeeping hazard?
a) Tangled air hose. b) Inadequate signage. c) Snow on the step. d) Overflowing garbage.

Front 160

Overflowing garbage

Back 160

满溢的垃圾

Front 161

snapshot

Back 161

N-COUNT A snapshot is a photograph that is taken quickly and casually. 快照 /ˈsnæpˌʃɒt/

[usually singular] a short description or a small amount of information that gives you an idea of what something is like简况; 大致印象

Worksite inspections have limitations, as they provide only a snapshot in time:
a) True. b) False.

Front 162

peril

Back 162

N-VAR Perils are great dangers.

极大危险 [正式] /ˈpɛrɪl/

Physical hazards are perils that can harm workers by causing motor injuries via mechanical effects on the body.

Front 163

as a last resort

Back 163

If you do something as a last resort, you do it because you can find no other way of getting out of a difficult situation or of solving a problem. 作为最后手段 /rɪˈzɔːt/

However, there is a good reason why the OHS legislation requires PPE to be used as a last resort.

Front 164

in conjunction with

Back 164

If one thing is done in conjunction with another, the two things are done or used together.
与…一起 (做、用) /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

Most PPE is used in conjunction with other hazard control methods.

Front 165

manufacturer

Back 165

n. 制造商；[经] 厂商/ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃərə/

The employer MUST train you to the specific manufacturer requirements for each piece of equipment.

Front 166

versed

Back 166

If you are versed in or well versed in something, you know a lot about it. 精通的 /vɜːst/

Both employers and employees should become fully versed in all areas of OH&S legislation pertaining to PPE.

Front 167

pertain to

Back 167

V-I If one thing pertains to another, it relates, belongs, or applies to it.

与…相关; 属于; 适于 [正式] /pəˈteɪn/

Both employers and employees should become fully versed in all areas of OH&S legislation pertaining to PPE.

Front 168

headband

Back 168

A headband is a narrow strip of material which you can wear around your head across your forehead, for example to keep hair or sweat out of your eyes. 头箍 /ˈhɛdˌbænd/

The standards have specifications outlined, such as the Canadian Standards Association Can/CSAZ94.1-92, which includes an adjustable headband and suspension system to keep the hat from resting directly on the head. It may protect against both lateral impact (hit on the side of the head) and overhead impact, depending on the hazards at the worksite.

Front 169

resting

Back 169

支承

The standards have specifications outlined, such as the Canadian Standards Association Can/CSAZ94.1-92, which includes an adjustable headband and suspension system to keep the hat from resting directly on the head. It may protect against both lateral impact (hit on the side of the head) and overhead impact, depending on the hazards at the worksite.

Front 170

lateral

Back 170

Lateral means relating to the sides of something, or moving in a sideways direction.

侧面的; 横向的 /ˈlætərəl/

The standards have specifications outlined, such as the Canadian Standards Association Can/CSAZ94.1-92, which includes an adjustable headband and suspension system to keep the hat from resting directly on the head. It may protect against both lateral impact (hit on the side of the head) and overhead impact, depending on the hazards at the worksite.

Front 171

impact

Back 171

N-VAR An impact is the action of one object hitting another, or the force with which one object hits another. 撞击; 撞击力，冲击 /ˈɪmpækt/

The standards have specifications outlined, such as the Canadian Standards Association Can/CSAZ94.1-92, which includes an adjustable headband and suspension system to keep the hat from resting directly on the head. It may protect against both lateral impact (hit on the side of the head) and overhead impact, depending on the hazards at the worksite.

Front 172

overhead

Back 172

You use overhead to indicate that something is above you or above the place that you are talking about. 头顶上的 /ˈoʊvərˌhɛd/

The standards have specifications outlined, such as the Canadian Standards Association Can/CSAZ94.1-92, which includes an adjustable headband and suspension system to keep the hat from resting directly on the head. It may protect against both lateral impact (hit on the side of the head) and overhead impact, depending on the hazards at the worksite.

Front 173

head clearance

Back 173

头顶空隙

Figure 1 shows the recommended head clearance for hard hat suspension.

Front 174

clearance

Back 174

the amount of space or distance that is needed between two objects so that they do not touch each other 余隙，间隙 /ˈklɪərəns/

Figure 1 shows the recommended head clearance for hard hat suspension.

Front 175

crack

Back 175

If something hard cracks, or if you crack it, it becomes slightly damaged, with lines appearing on its surface. 使…破裂; 破裂 /kræk/

If a hat cracks, sustains an impact from an object or receives any other damage, it is unacceptable for use and must be replaced.

Front 176

sustain

Back 176

V-T If you sustain something such as a defeat, loss, or injury, it happens to you.

遭受 [正式] /səˈsteɪn/

If a hat cracks, sustains an impact from an object or receives any other damage, it is unacceptable for use and must be replaced.

Front 177

bump cap

Back 177

防冲撞安全帽

These could include a rider helmet for mobile powered vehicles such as All Terrain Vehicles (ATV) or a bump cap for use in crawl spaces.

Front 178

shatter-resistant

Back 178

耐碎的

The lenses (of Safety glasses) are made of shatter-resistant plastic.

Front 179

contoured

Back 179

A contoured surface has curves and slopes on it, rather than being flat. 波状外形的 /ˈkɑntʊrd/

Goggles are contoured to provide full facial contact around the eyes and eye sockets, providing much better protection from flying objects, dust, mists and liquid splashes.

Front 180

eye socket

Back 180

眼窝；眼眶

Goggles are contoured to provide full facial contact around the eyes and eye sockets, providing much better protection from flying objects, dust, mists and liquid splashes.

Front 181

foundry worker

Back 181

铸造工 /ˈfaʊndrɪ/

Goggles used by welders and foundry workers are the same as those shown in Figure 3, with specially tinted lenses to filter glare.

Front 182

foundry

Back 182

N-COUNT A foundry is a place where metal or glass is melted and formed into particular shapes. 铸造(金属或玻璃的)工厂 /ˈfaʊndrɪ/

Goggles used by welders and foundry workers are the same as those shown in Figure 3, with specially tinted lenses to filter glare.

Front 183

hearing impairment

Back 183

听力损伤 /ɪmˈpɛəmənt/

Continuous exposure to excessive industrial noise can result in serious hearing impairment or even deafness.

Front 184

impairment

Back 184

N-VAR If someone has an impairment, they have a condition that prevents their eyes, ears, limbs or brain from working properly.

(身体机能的) 损伤 /ɪmˈpɛəmənt/

Continuous exposure to excessive industrial noise can result in serious hearing impairment or even deafness.

Front 185

discomfort

Back 185

N-UNCOUNT Discomfort is a painful feeling in part of your body when you have been hurt slightly or when you have been uncomfortable for a long time. 不舒服 /dɪsˈkʌmfət/

There are numerous types of earplugs, from the personally moulded type to disposable styles. Earplugs can be uncomfortable and ineffective if they do not fit correctly. Other discomforts can also occur; for example, ear infections can result if earplugs are not clean and used correctly.

Front 186

ear infection

Back 186

耳部感染

There are numerous types of earplugs, from the personally moulded type to disposable styles. Earplugs can be uncomfortable and ineffective if they do not fit correctly. Other discomforts can also occur; for example, ear infections can result if earplugs are not clean and used correctly.

Front 187

a false sense

Back 187

虚假的…感

The biggest problem with wearing ear plugs is that most workers are not trained to insert them properly and therefore do not have the level of protection earplugs are supposed to provide. This can create a false sense of protection while exposing the worker to excess noise.

Front 188

ear canal

Back 188

耳道，耳孔 /kəˈnæl/

Hold the ear plug in place while it expands to fit your ear canal.

Front 189

expand

Back 189

If something expands or is expanded, it becomes larger. 扩大; 膨胀 /ɪkˈspænd/

Hold the ear plug in place while it expands to fit your ear canal.

Front 190

footwear

Back 190

N-UNCOUNT Footwear refers to things that people wear on their feet, for example, shoes and boots. 鞋类,鞋子 /ˈfʊtˌwɛə/

Safety footwear should be designed to prevent the toes from being crushed and the soles from being punctured.

Front 191

Safety footwear

Back 191

安全鞋

Safety footwear should be designed to prevent the toes from being crushed and the soles from being punctured.

Front 192

crush

Back 192

V-T To crush something means to press it very hard so that its shape is destroyed or so that it breaks into pieces. 压扁; 压碎 /krʌʃ/

Safety footwear should be designed to prevent the toes from being crushed and the soles from being punctured.

Front 193

sole

Back 193

N-COUNT The sole of your foot or of a shoe or sock is the underneath surface of it. 脚掌; 鞋底; 袜底

Safety footwear should be designed to prevent the toes from being crushed and the soles from being punctured.

Front 194

puncture

Back 194

V-T If a sharp object punctures something, it makes a hole in it. 刺破 /ˈpʌŋktʃə/

Safety footwear should be designed to prevent the toes from being crushed and the soles from being punctured.

Front 195

torso

Back 195

N-COUNT Your torso is the main part of your body, and does not include your head, arms, and legs. 躯干 [正式] /ˈtɔːsəʊ/

If there is a danger of injury to workers’ hands, arms, legs or torso, the employer must ensure that workers wear properly fitting hand, arm, leg or body protective equipment.

Front 196

cut

Back 196

切口

This type of protective equipment includes hand gloves designed to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals, cuts, burns and electric shock. Gloves may be made of latex, leather, asbestos, rubber or many other types of material.

Front 197

burn

Back 197

烧伤

This type of protective equipment includes hand gloves designed to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals, cuts, burns and electric shock. Gloves may be made of latex, leather, asbestos, rubber or many other types of material.

Front 198

electric shock

Back 198

电击,触电

This type of protective equipment includes hand gloves designed to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals, cuts, burns and electric shock. Gloves may be made of latex, leather, asbestos, rubber or many other types of material.

Front 199

latex

Back 199

N-UNCOUNT Latex is a substance obtained from some kinds of trees, which is used to make products like paint, rubber, and glue.

胶乳 /ˈleɪtɛks/

This type of protective equipment includes hand gloves designed to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals, cuts, burns and electric shock. Gloves may be made of latex, leather, asbestos, rubber or many other types of material.

Front 200

asbestos

Back 200

石棉/æsˈbɛstəs/

This type of protective equipment includes hand gloves designed to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals, cuts, burns and electric shock. Gloves may be made of latex, leather, asbestos, rubber or many other types of material.

Front 201

apron

Back 201

围裙/ˈeɪprən/

Other examples of PPE in this category include rubber or leather aprons, shin protectors and foot top protectors.

Front 202

shin

Back 202

小腿骨

Other examples of PPE in this category include rubber or leather aprons, shin protectors and foot top protectors.

Front 203

crucial

Back 203

If you describe something as crucial, you mean it is extremely important. 至关重要的 /ˈkruːʃəl/

Eye wash equipment is crucial on the job site. Which of the following is NOT part of the required eye was equipment? Black, pirate eye patches.

Front 204

pirate eye patch

Back 204

海盗眼罩

Eye wash equipment is crucial on the job site. Which of the following is NOT part of the required eye was equipment? Black, pirate eye patches.

Front 205

icy cold

Back 205

冰冷

The best temperature for eye wash water is:
a) Icy cold. b) Lukewarm. c) Bathwater hot. d) Steaming hot.

Front 206

lukewarm

Back 206

微温的 /ˌluːkˈwɔːm/

The best temperature for eye wash water is:
a) Icy cold. b) Lukewarm. c) Bathwater hot. d) Steaming hot.

Front 207

bathwater

Back 207

洗澡水

The best temperature for eye wash water is:
a) Icy cold. b) Lukewarm. c) Bathwater hot. d) Steaming hot.

Front 208

steaming hot

Back 208

滚烫的

The best temperature for eye wash water is:
a) Icy cold. b) Lukewarm. c) Bathwater hot. d) Steaming hot.

Front 209

spectacle

Back 209

Glasses are sometimes referred to as spectacles. 眼镜 /ˈspɛktəkəl/

Metallic spectacle frames should not be worn if you work where electrical contact, arching or sparks can happen.

Front 210

From time to time

Back 210

有时，偶尔

From time to time, workers may have to use safety belts or harnesses for protection from falling.

Front 211

harness

Back 211

N-COUNT A harness is a set of straps which fit under a person's arms and fasten around their body in order to keep a piece of equipment in place or to prevent the person moving from a place. 背带; 安全带/ˈhɑːnɪs/

From time to time, workers may have to use safety belts or harnesses for protection from falling.

Front 212

lifeline

Back 212

救生索

The lifelines used in conjunction with safety belts and harnesses should be made of a material that is capable of withstanding any shock load that may be applied.

Front 213

withstand

Back 213

V-T If something or someone withstands a force or action, they survive it or do not give in to it.
抵御 [正式] /wɪðˈstænd/

The lifelines used in conjunction with safety belts and harnesses should be made of a material that is capable of withstanding any shock load that may be applied.

Front 214

shock load

Back 214

冲击荷载;冲击力

The lifelines used in conjunction with safety belts and harnesses should be made of a material that is capable of withstanding any shock load that may be applied.

Front 215

a rope grab

Back 215

抓绳器

The diameter of the rope should be large enough that a rope grab, when used, will operate properly. The rope should be checked for fraying or other damage.

Front 216

fraying

Back 216

磨损

The diameter of the rope should be large enough that a rope grab, when used, will operate properly. The rope should be checked for fraying or other damage.

Front 217

fray

Back 217

If something such as cloth or rope frays, or if something frays it, its threads or fibres start to come apart from each other and spoil its appearance. 磨损

The diameter of the rope should be large enough that a rope grab, when used, will operate properly. The rope should be checked for fraying or other damage.

Front 218

airborne

Back 218

Airborne means in the air or carried in the air. 空气中的 /ˈɛəˌbɔːn/

Workers are or may be exposed to an airborne contaminant or a mixture of airborne contaminants in a concentration exceeding their occupational exposure limits.

Front 219

contaminant

Back 219

N-COUNT A contaminant is something that contaminates a substance such as water or food.
污染物 [正式] /kənˈtæmɪnənt/

Workers are or may be exposed to an airborne contaminant or a mixture of airborne contaminants in a concentration exceeding their occupational exposure limits.

Front 220

sawdust

Back 220

[木] 锯屑,[木] 锯屑/ˈsɔːˌdʌst/

Many industrial operations involve air contaminants. For example, dust generated by handling materials such as coal, ashes, flour, cement and sawdust are referred to as nuisance dusts. They are neither poisonous nor capable of producing fibrous tissue in the lungs, but they do create discomfort. Figure 8 shows a respirator that accepts filter cartridges of various types and designs to match the expected hazard.

Front 221

nuisance

Back 221

滋扰粉尘N-COUNT If you say that someone or something is a nuisance, you mean that they annoy you or cause you a lot of problems. 令人讨厌的人或事物; 麻烦的人或事情 /ˈnjuːsəns/

Many industrial operations involve air contaminants. For example, dust generated by handling materials such as coal, ashes, flour, cement and sawdust are referred to as nuisance dusts. They are neither poisonous nor capable of producing fibrous tissue in the lungs, but they do create discomfort. Figure 8 shows a respirator that accepts filter cartridges of various types and designs to match the expected hazard.

Front 222

fibrous tissue

Back 222

纤维组织 /ˈfaɪbrəs/ /ˈtɪsjuː/

Many industrial operations involve air contaminants. For example, dust generated by handling materials such as coal, ashes, flour, cement and sawdust are referred to as nuisance dusts. They are neither poisonous nor capable of producing fibrous tissue in the lungs, but they do create discomfort. Figure 8 shows a respirator that accepts filter cartridges of various types and designs to match the expected hazard.

Front 223

filter cartridge

Back 223

滤芯；滤筒

Many industrial operations involve air contaminants. For example, dust generated by handling materials such as coal, ashes, flour, cement and sawdust are referred to as nuisance dusts. They are neither poisonous nor capable of producing fibrous tissue in the lungs, but they do create discomfort. Figure 8 shows a respirator that accepts filter cartridges of various types and designs to match the expected hazard.

Front 224

cartridge

Back 224

N-COUNT A cartridge is part of a machine or device that can be easily removed and replaced when it is worn out or empty. (机器或装置中可替换的部分) 套筒 /ˈkɑːtrɪdʒ/

Many industrial operations involve air contaminants. For example, dust generated by handling materials such as coal, ashes, flour, cement and sawdust are referred to as nuisance dusts. They are neither poisonous nor capable of producing fibrous tissue in the lungs, but they do create discomfort. Figure 8 shows a respirator that accepts filter cartridges of various types and designs to match the expected hazard.

Front 225

Mineral dusts

Back 225

矿尘,矿物性粉尘/ˈmɪnərəl/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 226

silica

Back 226

二氧化硅, /ˈsɪlɪkə/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 227

free silica

Back 227

游离二氧化硅

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 228

Sandstone

Back 228

Sandstone is a type of rock which contains a lot of sand. It is often used for building houses and walls. 砂岩 /ˈsændˌstəʊn/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 229

flint

Back 229

燧石/flɪnt/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 230

quartz

Back 230

石英/kwɔːts/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 231

silicosis

Back 231

n. [医] 矽肺；硅肺病 /ˌsɪlɪˈkəʊsɪs/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 232

asbestosis

Back 232

石棉肺；石棉沉滞症 /ˌæsbɛsˈtəʊsɪs/

Mineral dusts and mists containing free silica, such as those from sandstone, flint and quartz, can convert and degenerate healthy lung tissue into fibrous or scar tissue. This causes a disease known as silicosis. A related disease arising from asbestos dust is asbestosis.

Front 233

fume

Back 233

Fumes are the unpleasant and often unhealthy smoke and gases that are produced by fires or by things such as chemicals, fuel, or cooking. (难闻且常有害的) 烟气/fjuːm/

Figure 9 shows an industrial gas mask that is used for protection against gases, vapours or chemical fumes.

Front 234

regulator

Back 234

校准器, 调节器/ˈrɛɡjʊˌleɪtə/

To prevent unnecessary loss of air, the regulator has an automatic shutoff that reduces airflow while the user is putting on or taking off the mask or when the facepiece is dislodged.

Front 235

shutoff

Back 235

关闭装置

To prevent unnecessary loss of air, the regulator has an automatic shutoff that reduces airflow while the user is putting on or taking off the mask or when the facepiece is dislodged.

Front 236

dislodge

Back 236

to force or knock something out of its position 拿开 /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/

To prevent unnecessary loss of air, the regulator has an automatic shutoff that reduces airflow while the user is putting on or taking off the mask or when the facepiece is dislodged.

Front 237

airflow

Back 237

气流 /ˈɛəˌfləʊ/

To prevent unnecessary loss of air, the regulator has an automatic shutoff that reduces airflow while the user is putting on or taking off the mask or when the facepiece is dislodged.

Front 238

contaminated

Back 238

受污染的

If it is necessary to escape from the contaminated atmosphere, the air line can be detached and the supply from the 5-minute cylinder opened, allowing the user to escape the contaminated area unimpeded by an air hose.

Front 239

contaminate

Back 239

V-T If something is contaminated by dirt, chemicals, or radiation, they make it dirty or harmful. 污染 /kənˈtæmɪˌneɪt/

If it is necessary to escape from the contaminated atmosphere, the air line can be detached and the supply from the 5-minute cylinder opened, allowing the user to escape the contaminated area unimpeded by an air hose.

Front 240

detach

Back 240

If you detach one thing from another that it is attached to, you remove it. If one thing detaches from another, it becomes separated from it. 拆卸; 分离 [正式] /dɪˈtætʃ/

If it is necessary to escape from the contaminated atmosphere, the air line can be detached and the supply from the 5-minute cylinder opened, allowing the user to escape the contaminated area unimpeded by an air hose.

Front 241

unimpeded

Back 241

If something moves or happens unimpeded, it continues without being stopped or interrupted by anything. 未受阻止的; 未受妨碍的 [正式] /ˌʌnɪmˈpiːdɪd/

If it is necessary to escape from the contaminated atmosphere, the air line can be detached and the supply from the 5-minute cylinder opened, allowing the user to escape the contaminated area unimpeded by an air hose.

Front 242

uniform magnetic field

Back 242

均匀磁场 /ˈjuːnɪˌfɔːm/

Front 243

rotor

Back 243

转子/ˈrəʊtə/

Front 244

stator

Back 244

定子/ˈsteɪtə/

Front 245

stationary

Back 245

Something that is stationary is not moving. 静止不动的 /ˈsteɪʃənərɪ/

The stationary part is called the stator

Front 246

perpendicular line

Back 246

正交线，垂线/ˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊlə/

When a conductor is cut by perpendicular lines of magnetic force, current is induced in the conductor.

Front 247

slip ring

Back 247

[电] 滑环；集电环

The loop conductor, which is called a rotor, is connected to a load by slip rings.

Front 248

oscilloscope

Back 248

示波器 /ɒˈsɪləˌskəʊp/

Front 249

coupled circuit

Back 249

耦合电路

A transformer is a A transformer is a magnetically coupled circuit

Front 250

diode

Back 250

二极管 /ˈdaɪəʊd/

Front 251

germanium

Back 251

锗 /dʒɜːˈmeɪnɪəm/

Front 252

dope

Back 252

掺杂 /dəʊp/

Semiconductor materials can be “doped”. That is…impurities added to the material to change its overall characteristics

Front 253

impurities

Back 253

N-COUNT Impurities are substances that are present in small quantities in another substance and make it dirty or of an unacceptable quality. 杂质 /ɪmˈpjʊərɪtɪ/

P (+) doped (trivalent impurities are added- Aluminum ) Creates a P material

Front 254

trivalent

Back 254

having a valency of three 三价的 /traɪˈveɪlənt, ˈtrɪvələnt/
P (+) doped (trivalent impurities are added- Aluminum ) Creates a P material

Front 255

pentavalent

Back 255

having a valency of five 五价的 /ˌpɛntəˈveɪlənt/

N (-) doped (pentavalent impurities are added- Arsenic) Creates an N material

Front 256

Arsenic

Back 256

砷 /ˈɑːsənɪk/

Front 257

anode

Back 257

阳极 /ˈænəʊd/

Front 258

cathode

Back 258

阴极 /ˈkæθəʊd/

Front 259

Forward bias

Back 259

正向偏压

Front 260

Reverse bias

Back 260

反向偏压

Front 261

Knee voltage

Back 261

拐点电压

Front 262

Schmitt trigger

Back 262

施米特触发器 /ʃmit/

Front 263

propagation delay time

Back 263

传输延迟时间 /ˌprɑpəˈɡeɪʃn/

Front 264

chromium

Back 264

铬 /ˈkrəʊmɪəm/

Toxic dusts originate from poisonous materials such as lead, arsenic and chromium or their compounds.

Front 265

inhale

Back 265

When you inhale, you breathe in. When you inhale something such as smoke, you take it into your lungs when you breathe in.

吸入; 吸气 /ɪnˈheɪl/

Whether inhaled or ingested, these dusts dissolve and enter the bloodstream, causing injury to body organs.

Front 266

ingest

Back 266

to take (something, such as food) into your body : to swallow (something) 摄取 /ɪnˈdʒɛst/

Whether inhaled or ingested, these dusts dissolve and enter the bloodstream, causing injury to body organs.

Front 267

dissolve

Back 267

If a substance dissolves in liquid or if you dissolve it, it becomes mixed with the liquid and disappears. 使溶解; 溶解 /dɪˈzɒlv/

Whether inhaled or ingested, these dusts dissolve and enter the bloodstream, causing injury to body organs.

Front 268

bloodstream

Back 268

Your bloodstream is the blood that flows around your body. (体内循环的) 血流 /ˈblʌdˌstriːm/

Whether inhaled or ingested, these dusts dissolve and enter the bloodstream, causing injury to body organs.

Front 269

lung-damaging

Back 269

伤肺的

Mists are wet fogs that may have toxic or lung-damaging particles suspended in them. The most common examples are mists caused by spray coating with paints, enamels or glazes.

Front 270

particle

Back 270

A particle of something is a very small piece or amount of it. 微粒 /ˈpɑːtɪkəl/

Mists are wet fogs that may have toxic or lung-damaging particles suspended in them. The most common examples are mists caused by spray coating with paints, enamels or glazes.

Front 271

spray coating

Back 271

[涂料]喷涂

Mists are wet fogs that may have toxic or lung-damaging particles suspended in them. The most common examples are mists caused by spray coating with paints, enamels or glazes.

Front 272

enamel

Back 272

搪瓷 /ɪˈnæməl/

Mists are wet fogs that may have toxic or lung-damaging particles suspended in them. The most common examples are mists caused by spray coating with paints, enamels or glazes.

Front 273

glazes

Back 273

釉彩；釉料 /ɡleɪz/

Mists are wet fogs that may have toxic or lung-damaging particles suspended in them. The most common examples are mists caused by spray coating with paints, enamels or glazes.

Front 274

nick

Back 274

A nick is a small cut made in the surface of something, usually in someone's skin. 划痕

The sealing surfaces should also be checked for cracks and nicks that could prevent a proper seal between the respirator and the face.

Front 275

canister

Back 275

防毒面具的滤毒罐/ˈkænɪstə/

N-COUNT A canister is a strong, metal container. It is used to hold gases or chemical substances. 强固金属罐

In these environments, a mask that uses cartridges or canisters containing activated chemicals must be used.

Front 276

stipulations

Back 276

something that is required as part of an agreement 规定；约定；条款；契约/ˌstɪpyəˈleɪʃn/

OH&S Code Part 18 contains the following stipulations: Maintained in a clean and sanitary condition,

Front 277

sanitary

Back 277

clean; not likely to cause health problems

/ˈsænəˌtɛri/

OH&S Code Part 18 contains the following stipulations: Maintained in a clean and sanitary condition,

Front 278

gauge

Back 278

标准尺寸；容量规格 /ɡeɪdʒ/

AWG- American Wire Gauge

Front 279

gasket

Back 279

N-COUNT A gasket is a flat piece of soft material that you put between two joined surfaces in a pipe or engine in order to make sure that gas and oil cannot escape. 垫圈；密封垫 /ˈɡæskɪt/

Front 280

facepiece

Back 280

[安全] 面具, 面罩

Front 281

buckle

Back 281

N-COUNT A buckle is a piece of metal or plastic attached to one end of a belt or strap, which is used to fasten it. (皮带等的) 带扣 /ˈbʌkəl/

Waist belt straps with buckles

Front 282

external

Back 282

External is used to indicate that something is on the outside of a surface or body, or that it exists, happens, or comes from outside. 外部的; 外来的; 外在的 /ɪkˈstɜːnəl/

The fact that the pressure of supplied air inside the facepiece is greater than the external contaminated air pressure ensures that, in the event of a leak in the facepiece, contaminated air will not enter a workers' breathing air.

Front 283

in the event of

Back 283

you use in the event of, in the event that, and in that event when you are talking about a possible future situation, especially when you are planning what to do if it occurs. 倘若发生…

The fact that the pressure of supplied air inside the facepiece is greater than the external contaminated air pressure ensures that, in the event of a leak in the facepiece, contaminated air will not enter a workers' breathing air.

Front 284

diminish

Back 284

When something diminishes, or when something diminishes it, it becomes reduced in size, importance, or intensity.

使减少; 变少 /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

The regulator also contains a warning device that alerts the user to a diminishing air supply. This alert is usually transmitted by both sound (alarm) and feel (vibration), which is especially important when working in a high noise environment.

Front 285

transmit

Back 285

V-T If an object or substance transmits something such as sound or electrical signals, the sound or signals are able to pass through it. 传导 (声音、电子信号等) /trænzˈmɪt/

The regulator also contains a warning device that alerts the user to a diminishing air supply. This alert is usually transmitted by both sound (alarm) and feel (vibration), which is especially important when working in a high noise environment.

Front 286

sanitization

Back 286

卫生处理或清洁

CSA regulations regarding breathing apparatuses make regular maintenance and sanitization mandatory.

Front 287

coefficient

Back 287

N-COUNT A coefficient is a number that expresses a measurement of a particular quality of a substance or object under specified conditions. 系数 /ˌkəʊɪˈfɪʃənt/

Front 288

tutorial

Back 288

a short book or computer program that gives information on a particular subject or explains how something is done /tuˈtɔriəl/

academic honesty awareness tutorial

Front 289

scenario

Back 289

a description of what could possibly happen

/səˈnɛriˌoʊ/

Once you have completed the quiz, use the “Next” button to navigate through the scenarios, beginning with plagiarism.

Front 290

plagiarism

Back 290

an act of plagiarizing something; something that has been plagiarized /ˈpleɪdʒəˌrɪzəm/

Once you have completed the quiz, use the “Next” button to navigate through the scenarios, beginning with plagiarism.

Front 291

sparing

Back 291

careful to use or give only a little of something

/ˈspɛrɪŋ/

“SAIT’s policy is that any material or ideas incorpated from other souces must be used sparingly.”

Front 292

disguise

Back 292

V-T To disguise something means to hide it or make it appear different so that people will not know about it or will not recognize it.

掩饰 /dɪsˈɡaɪz/

When you cut and paste a report like Aled did, you are disguising potential problems with your writing.

Front 293

hazardous

Back 293

Something that is hazardous is dangerous, especially to people's health or safety.

有危害的 /ˈhæzədəs/

This module is designed to help you understand the requirements of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) and its application to the worksite.

Front 294

territories

Back 294

Territory is land which is controlled by a particular country or ruler. 领土,地区/ˈtɛrɪtərɪ/

WHMIS is Canadian law. What you learn in this module applies in all territories and provinces.

Front 295

import

Back 295

To import products or raw materials means to buy them from another country for use in your own country. 进口 /ɪmˈpɔrt; ˈɪmpɔrt/

This means that every controlled product sold or imported into a Canadian workplace must have a supplier label on the package or container and an MSDS must be provided to the employer.

Front 296

nightclothes

Back 296

Nightclothes are clothes that you wear in bed. 睡衣 /ˈnaɪtˌkləʊðz/

Prohibited – may not be bought or sold into Canada. Examples of these products are jewelry with a high lead content, and flammable material once used in children’s nightclothes;

Front 297

adhesives

Back 297

An adhesive is a substance such as glue, which is used to make things stick firmly together. 黏合剂 /ədˈhiːsɪv/

Restricted - includes products such as adhesives and bleaches with specific packaging and container requirements;

Front 298

bleaches

Back 298

Bleach is a chemical that is used to make cloth white, or to clean things thoroughly and kill germs. 漂白剂 /bliːtʃ/

Restricted - includes products such as adhesives and bleaches with specific packaging and container requirements;

Front 299

exempt

Back 299

If someone or something is exempt from a particular rule, duty, or obligation, they do not have to follow it or do it. 免除 (规则、职责、义务等) 的 /ɪɡˈzɛmpt/

Exempt and partially exempt products;

Front 300

recall

Back 300

V-T If a company recalls a product, it asks the stores or the people who have bought that product to return it because there is something wrong with it. 召回 (产品) /rɪˈkɔl/

The federal government produces a list of chemicals that may not be brought into Canada, and if any of these chemicals are in the imported product, the product will be classified as prohibited and entry will be refused, or if the product is already in Canada, will be recalled.

Front 301

fall (under)

Back 301

V-I If you say that something or someone falls into a particular group or category, you mean that they belong in that group or category. 属于, 被归入, 被列为

These products could also fall under WHMIS requirements if used in the workplace.

Front 302

disclosure

Back 302

Disclosure is the act of giving people new or secret information. 公开 /dɪsˈkləʊʒə/

The Ingredient Disclosure List, issued on January 20, 1988 under the Hazardous Products Act, contains the names of chemicals that must be identified on a material safety data sheet if they are ingredients of a controlled product and present above a specified concentration.

Front 303

disclose

Back 303

V-T If you disclose new or secret information, you tell people about it.

公开；揭露;透露 /dɪsˈkləʊz/

The Hazardous Materials Information Review Act, passed on June 30, 1987, establishes the Hazardous Materials Information Review Commission, which is the federal agency that rules on claims for exemption from disclosing confidential business information. The Act also defines the type of information that a supplier or employer can withhold from a label or material safety data sheet.

Front 304

confidential

Back 304

Information that is confidential is meant to be kept secret or private. 保密的,机密的 /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɛnʃəl/

The Hazardous Materials Information Review Act, passed on June 30, 1987, establishes the Hazardous Materials Information Review Commission, which is the federal agency that rules on claims for exemption from disclosing confidential business information. The Act also defines the type of information that a supplier or employer can withhold from a label or material safety data sheet.

Front 305

withhold

Back 305

V-T to refuse to provide (something) /wɪðˈhəʊld, wɪθ-/

The Hazardous Materials Information Review Act, passed on June 30, 1987, establishes the Hazardous Materials Information Review Commission, which is the federal agency that rules on claims for exemption from disclosing confidential business information. The Act also defines the type of information that a supplier or employer can withhold from a label or material safety data sheet.

Front 306

validity

Back 306

N-UNCOUNT The validity of something such as a result or a piece of information is whether it can be trusted or believed. 可信性 /vəˈlɪdɪtɪ/

the criteria that the Commission will use in assessing the validity of a claim for exemption

Front 307

file

Back 307

V-T When someone files a report or a news story, they send or give it to their employer. 提交

the fees to be paid when filing a claim for exemption or appealing a decision of the Commission

Front 308

appeal

Back 308

V-T If you appeal a decision to someone in authority, you formally ask them to change it. 申诉 /əˈpiːl/

the fees to be paid when filing a claim for exemption or appealing a decision of the Commission

Front 309

prior notification

Back 309

事先通知 /ˈpraɪə/

enter and inspect workplaces without prior notification

Front 310

close down

Back 310

if a company, store, etc.closes, or if you close it, it stops operating as a business (=close)

close down operations if they see evidence of imminent danger

Front 311

offence

Back 311

N-COUNT An offence is a crime that breaks a particular law and requires a particular punishment.
违反,犯罪行为 /əˈfɛns/

Fines for not complying with the legislation can range from $500,000 and six months in jail for a first offence to a maximum of $1,000,000 and two years in jail for subsequent offences.

Front 312

six months in jail

Back 312

六个月的监禁

Fines for not complying with the legislation can range from $500,000 and six months in jail for a first offence to a maximum of $1,000,000 and two years in jail for subsequent offences.

Front 313

penalty

Back 313

N-COUNT A penalty is a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule. 刑罚/ˈpɛnəltɪ/

N-COUNT Thepenalty that you pay for something you have done is something unpleasant that you experience as a result. 惩罚

So far, no company in Alberta has been fined the maximum. There are provisions in the Occupational Health and Safety Act for alternative penalties. These are assigned by the court and may involve donating money to STARS (Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society) or other such organizations or to develop a safety workshop related to the offence. These penalties are in addition to a fine imposed by the court (at an amount below the maximum).

Front 314

donate

Back 314

V-T If you donate something to a charity or other organization, you give it to them. 捐赠 /dəʊˈneɪt/

So far, no company in Alberta has been fined the maximum. There are provisions in the Occupational Health and Safety Act for alternative penalties. These are assigned by the court and may involve donating money to STARS (Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society) or other such organizations or to develop a safety workshop related to the offence. These penalties are in addition to a fine imposed by the court (at an amount below the maximum).

Front 315

impose

Back 315

V-T If you impose something on people, you use your authority to force them to accept it. 强制实行 /ɪmˈpəʊz/

So far, no company in Alberta has been fined the maximum. There are provisions in the Occupational Health and Safety Act for alternative penalties. These are assigned by the court and may involve donating money to STARS (Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society) or other such organizations or to develop a safety workshop related to the offence. These penalties are in addition to a fine imposed by the court (at an amount below the maximum).

Front 316

workshop

Back 316

a place where things are made or repaired车间 /ˈwɜːkˌʃɒp/

So far, no company in Alberta has been fined the maximum. There are provisions in the Occupational Health and Safety Act for alternative penalties. These are assigned by the court and may involve donating money to STARS (Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society) or other such organizations or to develop a safety workshop related to the offence. These penalties are in addition to a fine imposed by the court (at an amount below the maximum).

Front 317

be in addition to

Back 317

是...的补充

So far, no company in Alberta has been fined the maximum. There are provisions in the Occupational Health and Safety Act for alternative penalties. These are assigned by the court and may involve donating money to STARS (Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society) or other such organizations or to develop a safety workshop related to the offence. These penalties are in addition to a fine imposed by the court (at an amount below the maximum).

Front 318

importation

Back 318

进口

The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) is a system for dealing with the identification of controlled products and their hazards and for the delivery of that information to the Canadian workplace. This is a condition of sale or importation.

Front 319

right-to-know

Back 319

了解权

WHMIS is essentially workers’ right-to-know legislation. It requires specific hazard information to be provided at every workplace that uses controlled products. It also deals with the training needs of workers handling such products.

Front 320

inherent hazards

Back 320

内在危险,固有危险

Supplier and workplace labels provide for the identification of controlled products by requiring labels with specific content. This is the first step in creating immediate awareness of the inherent hazards of such products.

Front 321

colour coding

Back 321

颜色编码

The labelling system includes marking requirements for packages and containers and extends to the identification of piping and vessels and similar process equipment. This may be in the form of colour coding or similar types of visual identification.

Front 322

decanted

Back 322

V-T If you decant a liquid into another container, you put it into another container. 倒入 [正式] /dɪˈkænt/

The workplace label extends controlled product identification to products that are decanted at the workplace.

Front 323

toxicological

Back 323

the scientific study of poisons adj. 毒物学的 /ˌtɑksɪˈkɑlədʒi/

It includes information about the product’s physical and toxicological properties and about how to store, use, handle and dispose of it.

Front 324

toxicological properties

Back 324

毒物学特性

It includes information about the product’s physical and toxicological properties and about how to store, use, handle and dispose of it.

Front 325

packager

Back 325

包装者/ˈpækɪdʒə/

A supplier is the manufacturer, processor, or packager of a controlled product or a person who imports or sells controlled products.

Front 326

current

Back 326

Current means happening, being used, or being done at the present time. 当前的 /ˈkʌrənt/

Employers are responsible for ensuring that all containers of controlled products are properly labeled, MSDS’s are current and available to the workers and that an effective worker education program is in place.

Front 327

conduct

Back 327

V-T When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and do it. 组织并实施 /kənˈdʌkt/

Conduct an inventory of the Controlled Products that are used or produced in the workplace.

Front 328

adequacy

Back 328

适当 /ˈædɪkwəsɪ/

Guidelines must be developed that include regular follow-up and review of ALL the components of WHMIS in the workplace, including the tracking, maintenance and availability for MSDSs, the worker education program, and the adequacy of existing labels and hazard identifiers.

Front 329

identifier

Back 329

标识;标识符/aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər/

Guidelines must be developed that include regular follow-up and review of ALL the components of WHMIS in the workplace, including the tracking, maintenance and availability for MSDSs, the worker education program, and the adequacy of existing labels and hazard identifiers.

Front 330

methanol

Back 330

甲醇 /ˈmɛθəˌnɒl/

Employees are responsible for attending WHMIS training and applying the training. This means if the employer has developed safe work procedures for handling methanol, you must follow them. Since this is required by law, if you fail to follow the set procedures, theoretically you could face fines under the Occupational Health and Safety Code for not following them.

Front 331

the set procedures

Back 331

这套手续

Employees are responsible for attending WHMIS training and applying the training. This means if the employer has developed safe work procedures for handling methanol, you must follow them. Since this is required by law, if you fail to follow the set procedures, theoretically you could face fines under the Occupational Health and Safety Code for not following them.

Front 332

theoretically

Back 332

理论上 /ˈθiːəˌrɛtɪklɪ/

Employees are responsible for attending WHMIS training and applying the training. This means if the employer has developed safe work procedures for handling methanol, you must follow them. Since this is required by law, if you fail to follow the set procedures, theoretically you could face fines under the Occupational Health and Safety Code for not following them.

Front 333

explosive

Back 333

N-VAR An explosive is a substance or device that can cause an explosion. 炸药; 爆炸物 /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/

An explosive within the meaning of the Explosives Act (Canada).

Front 334

with the meaning of

Back 334

在…范围之内

An explosive within the meaning of the Explosives Act (Canada).

Front 335

cosmetic

Back 335

N-COUNT Cosmetics are substances such as lipstick or powder, which people put on their face to make themselves look more attractive. 化妆品 /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/

A cosmetic, device, drug or food within the meaning of the Food and Drug Act (Canada) or the Pest Control Products Act (Canada).

Front 336

pest

Back 336

N-COUNT Pests are insects or small animals that damage crops or food supplies. 害虫; 有害的小动物 /pɛst/

A cosmetic, device, drug or food within the meaning of the Food and Drug Act (Canada) or the Pest Control Products Act (Canada).

Front 337

Radioactive

Back 337

放射性的，有辐射的 /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈæktɪv/

Radioactive materials controlled within the meaning of the Atomic Energy Control Act (Canada).

Front 338

spray paint

Back 338

喷漆

Consumer products such as WD-40 and spray paint if purchased at a retail outlet.

Front 339

at a retail outlet

Back 339

在零售商店

Consumer products such as WD-40 and spray paint if purchased at a retail outlet.

Front 340

outlet

Back 340

N-COUNT An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer. 专卖店; 直销店

Consumer products such as WD-40 and spray paint if purchased at a retail outlet.

Front 341

acetone

Back 341

丙酮 /ˈæsɪˌtəʊn/

For example, if you have a flammable safety can that you put 1 litre of methanol and 1 litre of acetone in, you must have a label that identifies 1 litre of methanol and 1 litre of acetone.

Front 342

tobacco

Back 342

烟草；烟叶; 烟草制品；/təˈbækəʊ/

Front 343

manufactured articles

Back 343

机器制成品；机器制品; 工业品

manufactured articles such as refrigerators

Front 344

article

Back 344

N-COUNT You can refer to objects as articles of some kind. 物品

manufactured articles such as refrigerators

Front 345

Oxidizer

Back 345

氧化剂；助燃剂 /'ɔksi,daizə/

manufactured articles such as refrigerators

Front 346

Biohazardous

Back 346

生化危害的 /baiəu'hæzədəs/

Biohazardous Infectious

Front 347

infectious

Back 347

A disease that is infectious can be caught by being near a person who has it 传染的 /ɪnˈfɛkʃəs/

Biohazardous Infectious

Front 348

Corrosive

Back 348

A corrosive substance is able to destroy solid materials by a chemical reaction. 腐蚀性的 /kəˈrəʊsɪv/

Front 349

liquefied gases

Back 349

液化气体，液化气

This class includes compressed gases, dissolved gases and gases liquefied by compression or refrigeration.

Front 350

refrigeration

Back 350

制冷；冷藏

This class includes compressed gases, dissolved gases and gases liquefied by compression or refrigeration.

Front 351

with care

Back 351

小心地

when handling Class A materials:
1. handle them with care and do not drop the container
2. keep the container away from potential sources of ignition
3. store the container in designated areas

Front 352

sources of ignition

Back 352

火源 /ɪɡˈnɪʃən/

when handling Class A materials:
1. handle them with care and do not drop the container
2. keep the container away from potential sources of ignition
3. store the container in designated areas

Front 353

designated areas

Back 353

指定区域

V-T If something is designated for a particular purpose, it is set aside for that purpose. 指定 [usu passive] /ˈdɛzɪɡˌneɪt/

when handling Class A materials:
1. handle them with care and do not drop the container
2. keep the container away from potential sources of ignition
3. store the container in designated areas

Front 354

oxyacetylene

Back 354

adj. 氧乙炔的；n. 氧乙炔 /ˌɒksɪəˈsɛtɪˌliːn/

Examples: gas cylinders for oxyacetylene welding or breathing air for SCBA

Front 355

oxyacetylene welding

Back 355

氧乙炔焊

Examples: gas cylinders for oxyacetylene welding or breathing air for SCBA

Front 356

relatively

Back 356

Relatively means to a certain degree, especially when compared with other things of the same kind. 相对地 [ADV adj/adv] /ˈrɛlətɪvlɪ/

may burn at relatively low temperatures; flammable materials catch fire at lower temperatures than combustible materials

Front 357

combustible

Back 357

A combustible material or gas catches fire and burns easily. 易燃的; 可燃的 /kəmˈbʌstəbəl/

may burn at relatively low temperatures; flammable materials catch fire at lower temperatures than combustible materials

Front 358

spontaneously

Back 358

自发地；自然地 /spɒn'teɪnɪəslɪ/

may spontaneously burst into flames in air or may release a flammable gas on contact with water

Front 359

on contact with water

Back 359

一接触到水

may spontaneously burst into flames in air or may release a flammable gas on contact with water

Front 360

burst into flames

Back 360

If something bursts into flames or bursts into flame, it suddenly starts burning strongly. 突然猛烈燃烧起来

may spontaneously burst into flames in air or may release a flammable gas on contact with water

Front 361

friction

Back 361

/ˈfrɪkʃən/ 摩擦

may cause a fire when exposed to heat, sparks or flames, or as a result of friction

Front 362

phosphorus

Back 362

磷 /ˈfɒsfərəs/

Examples: white phosphorus, acetone and butane. Flammable liquids such as acetone are more easily ignited than combustible liquids such as kerosene.

Front 363

butane

Back 363

丁烷 /ˈbjuːteɪn/

Examples: white phosphorus, acetone and butane. Flammable liquids such as acetone are more easily ignited than combustible liquids such as kerosene.

Front 364

kerosene

Back 364

煤油，火油 /ˈkɛrəˌsiːn/

Examples: white phosphorus, acetone and butane. Flammable liquids such as acetone are more easily ignited than combustible liquids such as kerosene.

Front 365

come into contact with

Back 365

接触到；遇到

This class includes materials that provide oxygen or similar substances and that increase the risk of fire if they come into contact with flammable or combustible materials.

Front 366

in the presence of

Back 366

有...存在的情况下

pose a fire and/or explosion risk in the presence of flammable or combustible material

Front 367

upon contact

Back 367

一经接触

may burn skin and eyes upon contact

Front 368

reversible

Back 368

If a process or an action is reversible, its effects can be reversed so that the original situation returns. 可逆的 /rɪˈvɜːsəbəl/

The effects of a Class D1 exposure can affect the body with a single exposure or with repeated exposure over a 24-hour period. With the exception of death, all of the immediate and serious toxic effects are fully reversible.

Front 369

with the exception of death

Back 369

除了死亡

The effects of a Class D1 exposure can affect the body with a single exposure or with repeated exposure over a 24-hour period. With the exception of death, all of the immediate and serious toxic effects are fully reversible.

Front 370

through skin contact

Back 370

通过皮肤接触

Class D, Division 1 materials: are potentially fatal poisonous substances; may cause permanent damage if inhaled or swallowed or if they enter the body through skin contact;

Front 371

long-term effects

Back 371

长期效应

This division includes materials causing immediate eye and/or skin irritation as well as those that can cause long-term effects in a person repeatedly exposed to small amounts.

Front 372

irritant

Back 372

N-COUNT An irritant is a substance that causes a part of your body to itch or become sore. 刺激物 [正式] /ˈɪrɪtənt/

Division 2 materials: may be a skin or eye irritant; may be a sensitizer that produces a chemical allergy; may cause birth defects or sterility.

Front 373

sensitizer

Back 373

致敏物质 /'sensitaizə/

Division 2 materials: may be a skin or eye irritant; may be a sensitizer that produces a chemical allergy; may cause birth defects or sterility.

Front 374

allergy

Back 374

过敏物质; 过敏 /ˈælədʒɪ/

Division 2 materials: may be a skin or eye irritant; may be a sensitizer that produces a chemical allergy; may cause birth defects or sterility.

Front 375

birth defects

Back 375

婴儿缺陷;出生缺陷；先天畸型

Division 2 materials: may be a skin or eye irritant; may be a sensitizer that produces a chemical allergy; may cause birth defects or sterility.

Front 376

sterility

Back 376

不育;不孕/stə'rɪlɪtɪ/

Division 2 materials: may be a skin or eye irritant; may be a sensitizer that produces a chemical allergy; may cause birth defects or sterility.

Front 377

well-ventilated areas

Back 377

通风良好的区域

avoid inhaling by working in well-ventilated areas and/or wearing respiratory equipment

Front 378

carcinogen

Back 378

N-COUNT A carcinogen is a substance which can cause cancer. 致癌物质 [医学] /kɑː'sɪnədʒ(ə)n/

Examples: acetone (irritant), asbestos (carcinogen), methanol and gasoline

Front 379

micro-organisms

Back 379

微生物

This division includes materials that contain harmful micro-organisms.

Front 380

contamination

Back 380

污染 /kənˌtæməˈneɪʃn/

when handling Class D, Division 3 materials: take every measure to avoid contamination

Front 381

diagnostic specimen

Back 381

诊断用标本 /ˌdaɪəɡˈnɒstɪk/

Examples: cultures or diagnostic specimens containing salmonella bacteria or the hepatitis B virus.

Front 382

culture

Back 382

N-COUNT In science, a culture is a group of bacteria or cells which are grown, usually in a laboratory as part of an experiment. 一组培养菌; 一组培养细胞 [技术]

Examples: cultures or diagnostic specimens containing salmonella bacteria or the hepatitis B virus.

Front 383

salmonella bacteria

Back 383

沙门氏菌/ˌsælməˈnɛlə/

N-UNCOUNT Salmonella is a disease caused by bacteria in food. You can also refer to the bacteria itself as salmonella. 沙门氏菌感染; 沙门氏菌

Examples: cultures or diagnostic specimens containing salmonella bacteria or the hepatitis B virus.

Front 384

eat through

Back 384

蚀穿

Class E materials are acid or caustic materials that can destroy the skin and/or eat through metals.

Front 385

if subjected to heat

Back 385

如果受到热

Class F materials can undergo dangerous reactions if subjected to heat, pressure or shock or allowed to contact water.

Front 386

subject

Back 386

subject someone/something to something
[often passive] to make someone or something experience, suffer, or be affected by something, usually something unpleasant 使经受；使遭受

Class F materials can undergo dangerous reactions if subjected to heat, pressure or shock or allowed to contact water.

Front 387

flameproof

Back 387

防火的;耐火的 /ˈfleɪmˌpruːf/

when handling Class F materials: store the material in a cool, flameproof designated area

Front 388

cyanides

Back 388

氰化物（cyanide的复数）/ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd/

Examples: plastic monomers such as butadiene and some cyanides.

Front 389

commodities

Back 389

N-COUNT A commodity is something that is sold for money. 商品 [商业] /kəˈmɒdɪtɪ/

Consumer product exemptions occur for commodities that are included in Part II of Schedule I of the Hazardous Products Act and are packaged as consumer products.

Front 390

household cleaners

Back 390

家庭清洁用品

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 391

paint strippers

Back 391

除漆剂，油漆去除剂

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 392

stripper

Back 392

a substance or tool that is used for removing paint, etc. from something

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 393

varnishes

Back 393

Varnish is an oily liquid that is painted onto wood or other material to give it a hard, clear, shiny surface. 清漆/ˈvɑːnɪʃ/

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 394

lighter

Back 394

打火机

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 395

varsol

Back 395

烃类溶剂;清洁溶剂

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 396

turpentine

Back 396

松脂;松节油 /ˈtɜːpənˌtaɪn/

Examples of such products are household cleaners readily available at retail outlets, such as certain types of oven cleaners, bowl cleaners, drain cleaners, paint and wax strippers, ammonia, bleaches and certain detergents. Other typical consumer products include enamels, varnishes, BBQ lighter fluid, lamp oils, varsol, turpentine and camp stove fuel.

Front 397

gasoline bulk dealers

Back 397

大汽油零售商

A drum of gasoline, even though often available through retail outlets such as gasoline bulk dealers, does not fit the above criteria and is a controlled product if used at the workplace.

Front 398

fluorescent

Back 398

A fluorescent surface, substance, or colour has a very bright appearance when light is directed onto it, as if it is actually shining itself. 荧光的 /ˌflʊəˈrɛsənt/

In fluorescent lights, they are part of the ballast circuit.

Front 399

fluorescent lights

Back 399

荧光灯/ˌflʊəˈrɛsənt/

In fluorescent lights, they are part of the ballast circuit.

Front 400

ballast circuit

Back 400

镇流器电路/ˈbæləst/

In fluorescent lights, they are part of the ballast circuit.

Front 401

circuitry

Back 401

N-UNCOUNT Circuitry is a system of electric circuits. 电路；电子线路/ˈsɜːkɪtrɪ/

On power systems, they are part of the protection circuitry used to control short-circuit currents during faults.

Front 402

Faraday’s Law

Back 402

法拉第定律/ˈfærəˌdeɪ/

Faraday’s Law states that voltage is induced in a circuit whenever the flux linking the circuit is changing and that the magnitude of the voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the flux linkages.

Front 403

flux

Back 403

磁通；磁通量/flʌks/

Faraday’s Law states that voltage is induced in a circuit whenever the flux linking the circuit is changing and that the magnitude of the voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the flux linkages.

Front 404

flux linkages

Back 404

磁链；磁通链

连接于线圈之间所产生的磁场，此乃为称之 为磁通量（flux）,而磁场中的磁力线可称之为磁通链(flux linkages)

Front 405

Lenz’s Law

Back 405

楞次定律

Lenz’s Law states that the polarity of the induced voltage is such as to oppose the cause producing it.

Front 406

oppose

Back 406

to try to stop or defeat (something) /əˈpəʊz/

Lenz’s Law states that the polarity of the induced voltage is such as to oppose the cause producing it.

Front 407

self-inductance

Back 407

自感；自感系数

The proportionality constant is L, the self-inductance of the coil.

Front 408

permeability

Back 408

透磁率，导磁系数 /ˌpɜːmɪəˈbɪlɪtɪ/

µ is the permeability of the core.

Front 409

slope

Back 409

斜率

Di/Dt is the slope for currents which can be described with straight lines.

Front 410

tuning circuits

Back 410

调谐电路/ˈtjuːnɪŋ/

Variable Inductors:Used in tuning circuits

Front 411

Ferrite-core

Back 411

铁氧体磁心/ˈfɛraɪt/

Front 412

windings

Back 412

线圈，螺线

For non-ideal inductors, the resistance of the windings must be taken into account.

Front 413

alternate

Back 413

(of two things) happening or following one after the other regularly 交替 /ˈɔːltəneɪt/

Voltages of ac sources alternate in polarity and vary in magnitude.

Front 414

sinusoidal

Back 414

of or relating to a sine curve 正弦曲线的 /ˌsaɪnəˈsɔɪdəl/

A sinusoidal ac waveform starts at zero, increases to a positive maximum, decreases to zero, changes polarity, increases to a negative maximum, then returns to zero.

Front 415

be measured in units of time

Back 415

It is measured in units of time.

Front 416

inverse

Back 416

倒数 /ɪnˈvɜːs/

It is the inverse of frequency.

Front 417

ride on top of

Back 417

If a sine wave rides on top of a dc value, the peak is the sum of the dc voltage and the ac waveform amplitude.

Front 418

instantaneous

Back 418

Something that is instantaneous happens immediately and very quickly. 即刻的；瞬时的 /ˌɪnstənˈteɪnɪəs/

Em is the maximum voltage and a is the instantaneous angular position of the rotating coil of the generator.

Front 419

at any instant of time

Back 419

在任何时刻

These equations may be used to compute voltages and currents at any instant of time.

Front 420

instant

Back 420

An instant is an extremely short period of time. 瞬间; 刹那/ˈɪnstənt/

These equations may be used to compute voltages and currents at any instant of time.

Front 421

phase shift

Back 421

相移

If a sine wave does not pass through zero at t = 0, it has a phase shift.

Front 422

phasor

Back 422

a rotating vector representing a quantity, such as an alternating current or voltage, that varies sinusoidally 相量 /ˈfeɪzɔː/

A phasor is a rotating line whose projection on a vertical axis can be used to represent sinusoidally varying quantities.

Front 423

projection

Back 423

N-UNCOUNT The projection of a film or picture is the act of projecting it onto a screen or wall. 投映；投影

Front 424

plot

Back 424

V-T When someone plots something on a graph, they mark certain points on it and then join the points up. (在曲线图上) 绘制 /plɒt/

A sinusoidal waveform can be created by plotting the vertical projection of a phasor that rotates in the counterclockwise direction at a constant angular velocity w.

Front 425

counterclockwise

Back 425

逆时针 /ˌkaʊntəˈklɒkˌwaɪz/

A sinusoidal waveform can be created by plotting the vertical projection of a phasor that rotates in the counterclockwise direction at a constant angular velocity w.

Front 426

Phase difference

Back 426

相位差

Phase difference is the angular displacement between waveforms at the same frequency.

Front 427

displacement

Back 427

位移 /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/

If the angular displacement is 0°, the waveforms are in phase; otherwise they are out of phase.

Front 428

in phase

Back 428

同相

If the angular displacement is 0°, the waveforms are in phase; otherwise they are out of phase.

Front 429

out of phase

Back 429

不同相

If the angular displacement is 0°, the waveforms are in phase; otherwise they are out of phase.

Front 430

in terms of

Back 430

If you talk about something in terms of something or in particular terms, you are specifying which aspect of it you are discussing or from what point of view you are considering it. 从…角度来看

It (Effectiv Values) tells how many volts or amps of dc that an ac waveform is equal to in terms of its ability to produce the same average power.

Front 431

wrap

Back 431

to wind or fold (something) around something else 缠绕

By wrapping a single conductor into a coil the individual forces created by one wire can be multiplied by the number of turns in the coil.

Front 432

In the same manner

Back 432

同样地；以同样的方式

In the same manner we can use magnetism to create electricity

Front 433

mechanical force

Back 433

机械力

We can use magnets to produce mechanical force upon other magnets or magnetic materials.

Front 434

Like poles repel

Back 434

同极相斥

Like poles repel

Front 435

Unlike poles attract

Back 435

异极相吸

Front 436

magnetic pole

Back 436

磁极

Magnetic materials are attracted to a magnetic pole

Front 437

pole

Back 437

磁极 /pəʊl/

Magnetic materials are attracted to a magnetic pole

Front 438

Solenoid

Back 438

N a coil of wire, usually cylindrical, in which a magnetic field is set up by passing a current through it 螺线管/ˈsəʊlɪˌnɔɪd/

Front 439

armature

Back 439

N a revolving structure in an electric motor or generator, wound with the coils that carry the current 电枢 /ˈɑːmətjʊə/

Front 440

Holding contacts

Back 440

Holding contacts are always in parallel with START switch.

Front 441

magnetic flux lines

Back 441

磁力线

The total number of magnetic flux lines from north to south pole constitutes the magnetic flux.
Symbolized by letter phi (F)
Measured in Webers (Wb)
Comparable to current in electricity

Front 442

Comparable

Back 442

相当于/ˈkɒmpərəbəl/

Comparable to current in electricity

Front 443

Magnetomotive Force

Back 443

磁动势；磁动力

Magnetomotive Force
Must be present to establish a field or flux
MMF
Symbolized by FM
Comparable to voltage in electricity

Front 444

Magnetomotive

Back 444

causing a magnetic flux 磁势的 /mæɡˌniːtəʊˈməʊtɪv/

Magnetomotive Force
Must be present to establish a field or flux
MMF
Symbolized by FM
Comparable to voltage in electricity

Front 445

Reluctance

Back 445

磁阻 /rɪˈlʌktəns/

Reluctance is the property of opposition to the establishment of a magnetic field or flux intensity
Symbolized by RM
Measured in At / Wb
Opposite of permeance
Comparable to electrical resistance

Front 446

Permeance

Back 446

磁导/ˈpɜːmɪəns/

Permeance is the property that allows the establishment of the field or flux
measured in Wb / At
Symbolized by PM
Comparable to electrical conductance
Iron or Ferrite has high permeability

Front 447

Flux intensity

Back 447

磁通强度

Flux intensity = MMF / Reluctance
F = FM / RM….. = FM x PM
This is called Weber’s Law

Front 448

direct relationship

Back 448

The number of turns or wraps ( N ) of wire in the coil, direct relationship.
The magnitude of current ( I ) through the coil, also direct relationship.
FM = N x I

Front 449

Cross-sectional area

Back 449

横截面

Front 450

resistivity

Back 450

电阻率；电阻系数 /ˌriːzɪsˈtɪvɪtɪ/

These differences change the resistivity (r).

Front 451

inversely proportional

Back 451

反比的

The resistance of a conductor is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

Front 452

denote

Back 452

to show, mark, or be a sign of (something) /dɪˈnəʊt/

The American Wire Gauge is the primary system to denote wire diameters.

Front 453

Stranded Wire

Back 453

绞线

AWG 10 stranded is thicker than AWG 10 solid

Front 454

helix wrap

Back 454

螺旋缠绕/ˈhiːlɪks/

Stranded wires will be longer conductors because of the helix wrap

Front 455

helix

Back 455

N-COUNT A helix is a spiral shape or form. 螺旋形 /ˈhiːlɪks/

Stranded wires will be longer conductors because of the helix wrap

Front 456

Solid

Back 456

实心的

There are specific tables for Stranded and Solid

Front 457

linear

Back 457

线性的 /ˈlɪnɪə/

This increase is relatively linear.

Front 458

Bipolar

Back 458

有两极的，双极的 /baɪˈpəʊlə/

Bipolar Junction Transistors

Front 459

transistor

Back 459

晶体三极管 /trænˈzɪstər/

Bipolar Junction Transistors

Front 460

analog amplifiers

Back 460

模拟放大器

Front 461

analog

Back 461

模拟 /ˈænəˌlɒɡ/

Front 462

amplifier

Back 462

扩音器；放大器 /ˈæmplɪˌfaɪə/

Front 463

Saturation

Back 463

N-UNCOUNT Saturation is the process or state that occurs when a place or thing is filled completely with people or things, so that no more can be added. 饱和 /ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən/

Saturation circuit conditions

Front 464

zener diode

Back 464

稳压二极管/'zinər/

Front 465

requirement

Back 465

A requirement is a quality or qualification that you must have in order to be allowed to do something or to be suitable for something. 必备条件; 要求/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/

Supplier labels are a requirement of sale or importation and are normally prepared by the manufacturer of the product.

Front 466

distributor

Back 466

N-COUNT A distributor is a company that supplies goods to stores or other businesses. 配销商; 批发商 [商业] /dɪˈstrɪbjʊtə/

Distributors of controlled products may occasionally replace original supplier labels with their own.

Front 467

a responsibility equally shared by

Back 467

同等的责任

Workplace labelling and marking is a responsibility equally shared by employers and employees

Front 468

take the form of

Back 468

采取……形式

Workplace identification of decanted or in-process controlled products usually takes the form of actual labels or signs or specific colour-coding.

Front 469

piping system

Back 469

管道系统

Colour coding is more practicable for piping systems and large process equipment than labels.

Front 470

practicable

Back 470

able to be done; likely to be successful可行的；行得通的 /ˈpræktɪkəbl/

Colour coding is more practicable for piping systems and large process equipment than labels.

Front 471

large process equipment

Back 471

大型处理设备

Colour coding is more practicable for piping systems and large process equipment than labels.

Front 472

be affixed to

Back 472

被贴在

Controlled products imported into Canada for the purpose of use at a workplace and controlled products sold to a workplace require a supplier label to be affixed to the package or container.

Front 473

affix

Back 473

(formal) to stick or attach something to something else 粘上；贴上 /əˈfɪks/

Controlled products imported into Canada for the purpose of use at a workplace and controlled products sold to a workplace require a supplier label to be affixed to the package or container.

Front 474

common name

Back 474

常用名；

The name of the product, which can be any one of the chemical name, common name, generic name or trade name.

Front 475

generic name

Back 475

通用名称; /dʒɪˈnɛrɪk/

The name of the product, which can be any one of the chemical name, common name, generic name or trade name.

Front 476

generic

Back 476

A generic drug or other product is one that does not have a trademark and that is known by a general name, rather than the manufacturer's name. 非注册商标的 (药等产品) /dʒɪˈnɛrɪk/

The name of the product, which can be any one of the chemical name, common name, generic name or trade name.

Front 477

trade name

Back 477

A trade name is the name which manufacturers give to a product or to a range of products. 品牌名称；商标名

The name of the product, which can be any one of the chemical name, common name, generic name or trade name.

Front 478

alert

Back 478

to make someone aware of something /əˈlərt/

A reference to a material safety data sheet, which is a statement alerting the user of the controlled product that more information is available. Examples include:
• See Material Safety Data Sheet, or
• Consult Material Safety Data Sheet.

Front 479

corresponding

Back 479

matching or connected with something that you have just mentioned 相应的/ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ/

Each WHMIS class has a corresponding hazard symbol, except for Class D, which has 3 hazard symbols, 1 for each of its Divisions.

Front 480

In general

Back 480

总之，通常；一般而言

In general, the label should include a hazard symbol for each WHMIS class that the controlled product falls into.

Front 481

fall into

Back 481

归入到，属于

There is one exception to this general rule, namely, when a controlled product falls into both Divisions 1 and 2 of Class D, only the hazard symbol for Division 1 is required on the label (section 19(5) of the regulation).

Front 482

namely

Back 482

ADV You use namely to introduce detailed information about the subject you are discussing, or a particular aspect of it. 即；即是 /ˈneɪmlɪ/

There is one exception to this general rule, namely, when a controlled product falls into both Divisions 1 and 2 of Class D, only the hazard symbol for Division 1 is required on the label (section 19(5) of the regulation).

Front 483

wording

Back 483

The wording of a piece of writing or a speech are the words used in it, especially when these are chosen to have a particular effect. 措辞

The exact wording of the risk phrases is up to the supplier.

Front 484

precautionary

Back 484

Precautionary actions are taken in order to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening. 预防的 [正式] /prɪˈkɔːʃənərɪ/

Precautionary measures, which are short statements describing the precautions to be taken when handling a controlled product. Examples of precautionary measures include:

Front 485

precaution

Back 485

N-COUNT A precaution is an action that is intended to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening. 防范行动；预防 /prɪˈkɔːʃən/

Precautionary measures, which are short statements describing the precautions to be taken when handling a controlled product. Examples of precautionary measures include:

Front 486

be specific to

Back 486

Something that is specific to a particular thing is connected with that thing only. 针对于；仅限于；特定于 /spɪˈsɪfɪk/

The statements should be specific to the product.

Front 487

indicator

Back 487

a sign that shows the condition or existence of something 指示物 /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪtə/

Remember that the supplier label is the first indicator of the hazards of a product.

Front 488

sufficiently

Back 488

If something is sufficient for a particular purpose, there is enough of it for the purpose. 足够的 /səˈfɪʃənt/

They must be sufficiently durable and legible and must be prominently displayed.

Front 489

durable

Back 489

耐用的，持久的/ˈdjʊərəbəl/

They must be sufficiently durable and legible and must be prominently displayed.

Front 490

legible

Back 490

Legible writing is clear enough to read. (字迹)清晰可辨的；清晰的 /ˈlɛdʒəbəl/

They must be sufficiently durable and legible and must be prominently displayed.

Front 491

prominently

Back 491

prominent：easily seen 显著的 synonym noticeable /ˈprɑmənənt/

They must be sufficiently durable and legible and must be prominently displayed.

Front 492

the hazards inherent in the product

Back 492

产品固有的危险

The basic principle of a supplier label is to supply an initial warning to the worker about the hazards inherent in the product.

Front 493

distinctive

Back 493

Something that is distinctive has a special quality or feature which makes it easily recognizable and different from other things of the same type.与众不同的；特别的 /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/
There are three immediate warning signs on the supplier label in Fig. 3:
1. The distinctive WHMIS border.
2. The hazard symbol for acute toxicity.
3. The hazard symbol for corrosive materials.

Front 494

acute toxicity

Back 494

急性毒性

Front 495

toluene

Back 495

甲苯 /ˈtɒljʊˌiːn/

An example is toluene, which is highly flammable (Class B) and toxic (Class D2).

Front 496

highly flammable

Back 496

高度易燃的

An example is toluene, which is highly flammable (Class B) and toxic (Class D2).

Front 497

highly

Back 497

Highly is used before some adjectives to mean "very." 非常

An example is toluene, which is highly flammable (Class B) and toxic (Class D2).

Front 498

skull and crossbones symbol

Back 498

头骨和交叉的骨头标志

Remember, in case of acute and chronic toxicity, only the skull and crossbones symbol is displayed, not both!

Front 499

skull

Back 499

头盖骨，脑壳 /skʌl/

Remember, in case of acute and chronic toxicity, only the skull and crossbones symbol is displayed, not both!

Front 500

crossbones

Back 500

交叉骨头 /ˈkrɒsˌbəʊnz/

Remember, in case of acute and chronic toxicity, only the skull and crossbones symbol is displayed, not both!