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90 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Aerobic cellular respiration
is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
A-horizon
The top layer or lies below the O horizon. Consists of mostly inorganic mineral components such as weathered substrate. Top soil.
Albedo
The capacity of a surface to reflect light.
Allergens
A toxicant that over activates the immune system, causing an immune response when one is not necessary.
Anthropomorphic
is any attribution of human characteristics to other animals,
B-horizon
Lies below the E horizon and above the C horizon. Subsoil and where minerals leach out of the E horizon.
Biological nitrogen fixation
is a process, biological, abiotic, or synthetic by which nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH3).
Biome
A major regional complex of similar plant communities; a large ecological unit defined by its dominant plant type and vegetation structure.
Biphenyl A
A substance widely used in plastics and to line food and drink cans, which has raised health concerns because it is an estrogen mimic.
Bitumen
A thick and heavy form of petroleum rich in carbon and poor in hydrogen.
Carcinogens
A chemical or type of radiation that causes cancer.
Chernobyl
Nuclear power plant in the Ukraine. Blew up in 1986 being the worst nuclear reactor accident the world has ever seen.
Coevolution
Process by which two or more species evolve in response to one another. Flowers and their pollinators.
Competition
A relationship in which multiple organisms seek the same limited resources.
Compound
A molecule whose atom is composed of two or more elements.
DDT
Pesticide that was over used.
Decomposers
An organism that breaks down leaf litter and other nonliving mater into simple constituents.
Desertification
A form of land degradation in which more than 10% of productivity is lost
Erosion
The removal of material from one place and its transport to another by the action of wind or water.
Detritivores
An organism that scavenges the waste products or dead bodies of other community members. Millipede.
Ecology
the Science that deals with the distribution and abundance of organisms, the interactions among them, and the interactions between organisms and their abiotic environments.
Economics
The study of how we decide to use scarce resources to satisfy the demand for goods and services.
Ecosystem services
An essential service an ecosystem provides that supports life and makes economic activity possible. Naturally purifying air and water.
Element
A fundamental type of matter. Chemical substances that has a given set of properties.
Environmental economics
Modifies the principle of neoclassical economics to address environmental challenges.
Environment science
The study of how the natural world functions and how humans and the
Environment interacts
This theme explores how people affect their environment, or their natural surroundings, and how their environment affects them.
Ethics
The study of good and bad, right, and wrong. The term can also refer to a person’s or group’s set of moral principles or values.
Eutrophication
The process of nutrient enrichment, increased production of organic matter, and subsequent ecosystem degradation in a water body.
External costs
A negative externality, a cost borne by someone not involved in an economic transaction.
Food chain
A linear series of feeding relationships. Energy is transferred from lower to higher trophic levels.
Food web
Showing feeding interactions within ecological community of trophic levels.
Geothermal energy
is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth.
Green manure-
Organic fertilizer comprised of freshly dead plant material.
Green taxes
Tax against environmental bad things aimed to market based incentive.
Greenhouse effect
The warming of Earth’s surface and atmosphere caused by energy emitted by greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases
A gas that absorbs infrared radiation released by Earth’s surface and then warm the surface and troposphere by emitting energy.
Gross primary production
The energy that results when autotrophs convert solar energy to energy of chemical bonds in sugars.
Haber-Bosch process
N2 +3H2 -> 2NH3. 1% total energy worldwide.
Herbivores
Plant eaters
Herbivore
The consumption of plants by animals.
Humus
Dark, spongy, crumbly mass of martial made up of complex organic compounds, resulting from the partial decomposition of organic matter.
Infrared radiation
electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum.
Ion
An electrically charged atom or combination of atoms.
Isotope
One of several forms of an element having differing numbers of neutrons in the nucleus of its atoms.
Kerogen
is a mixture of organic chemical compounds that make up a portion of the organic matter in sedimentary rocks Oil shale.
Keystone species
A species that has an especially far reaching effect on a community.
Kwashiorkor
A form of malnutrition that results from high starch diet with inadequate protein or amino acids.
Leaching
The process by which solid materials such as minerals are dissolved in a liquid and transported to another location.
Loam
is soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration.
Malnourished
Lacking nutrients.
Maquiladoras
A U.S. owned factor across the border.
Marasmus
A form of malnutrition. Lack of protein and lack of calories.
Mixed economies
Has elements of both Gov. Run and never intervenes.
Microwaves
If you don't know this you deserve to be killed!!
Mixture
is a material system made up by two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically.
Mutualism
All participating organisms benefit from the relationship.
Service
Promotes soil conservation as well as water and air pollution. Prior to 1994 known as the Soil conservation act.
Neoclassical economics
Theory of economics that explains market prices in terms of consumer preferences for units of particular commodities.
Net primary production
The rate at which net primary production is produced.
Neurotoxins
A toxicant that assaults the nervous system.
Nuclear energy
The energy that holds together protons and neutrons within the nucleus of an atom.
O-horizon
The top layer of soil in some soil profiles, made up of organic matter.
Paradigm
is simply a belief system (or theory) that guides the way we do things,
Parasitism
Parasite depends in the host, the host is harmed.
Peer review
process of the manuscript of being reviewed and being critic by other specialists.
Photosynthesis
Turning sunlight to sugar. Plants
Phthalates
Hormone disrupting chemicals used to soften plastics and enhance fragrances in several items.
Predation (predator)
One species hunts the other.
Primary consumers
Consume producers and feeds at the second trophic level.
Primary production
The conversion of solar energy to the energy of chemical bonds in sugars during photosynthesis.
Producers
is an organism that can make its own food from photosynthesis.
Radioactive
Quality in which some isotopes decay, changing their chemical identity as they shed atomic particles and emit high energy radiation.
Recombinant DNA
DNA that has been patched together to get a desirable trait of organisms lacking that trait.
R-horizon (bedrock)
The bottommost layer of soil.
Salinization
The buildup of salts in surface soil layers.
Secondary consumers
organisms that consume primary consumers and feeds at the third trophic level.
Secondary production
is the generation of biomass of heterotrophic (consumer) organisms in a system.
Shelterbelts
A row of trees or other tall plants planted along the edges of farm fields to break the wind and minimizes erosion.
Solar radiation (sunshine)
is radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy.
Sustainable
Principle of environment science requiring living in such a way to maintains Earth’s system and its natural resources.
Synergistic
An interactive effect that is more than or different from the simple sum of their constituent effect.
Teratogens
A toxicant that causes harm to the unborn, resulting in birth defects.
Terraces
The cutting of level platforms, sometimes with raised edges, into steep hillsides to contain water from irrigation and perception.
Tropic
either of two circles of latitude that mark the northernmost and southernmost latitudes at which the sun may be seen directly.
Tropic level
Rank in the feeding hierarchy of a food chain Higher consumes lower.
Tundra
Biome Like a desert except at high altitudes resulting in extremely cold temps.
Ultra-violet (UV) radiation
light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays.
Undernourished
Insufficient nutrition in which people receive less than 90% of their daily caloric needs.
Vectors
An organism that transfers a pathogen to its host. Mosquito transfers malaria to humans.