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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aerobic cellular respiration
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is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
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A-horizon
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The top layer or lies below the O horizon. Consists of mostly inorganic mineral components such as weathered substrate. Top soil.
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Albedo
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The capacity of a surface to reflect light.
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Allergens
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A toxicant that over activates the immune system, causing an immune response when one is not necessary.
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Anthropomorphic
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is any attribution of human characteristics to other animals,
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B-horizon
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Lies below the E horizon and above the C horizon. Subsoil and where minerals leach out of the E horizon.
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Biological nitrogen fixation
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is a process, biological, abiotic, or synthetic by which nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH3).
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Biome
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A major regional complex of similar plant communities; a large ecological unit defined by its dominant plant type and vegetation structure.
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Biphenyl A
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A substance widely used in plastics and to line food and drink cans, which has raised health concerns because it is an estrogen mimic.
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Bitumen
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A thick and heavy form of petroleum rich in carbon and poor in hydrogen.
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Carcinogens
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A chemical or type of radiation that causes cancer.
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Chernobyl
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Nuclear power plant in the Ukraine. Blew up in 1986 being the worst nuclear reactor accident the world has ever seen.
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Coevolution
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Process by which two or more species evolve in response to one another. Flowers and their pollinators.
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Competition
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A relationship in which multiple organisms seek the same limited resources.
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Compound
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A molecule whose atom is composed of two or more elements.
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DDT
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Pesticide that was over used.
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Decomposers
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An organism that breaks down leaf litter and other nonliving mater into simple constituents.
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Desertification
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A form of land degradation in which more than 10% of productivity is lost
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Erosion
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The removal of material from one place and its transport to another by the action of wind or water.
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Detritivores
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An organism that scavenges the waste products or dead bodies of other community members. Millipede.
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Ecology
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the Science that deals with the distribution and abundance of organisms, the interactions among them, and the interactions between organisms and their abiotic environments.
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Economics
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The study of how we decide to use scarce resources to satisfy the demand for goods and services.
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Ecosystem services
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An essential service an ecosystem provides that supports life and makes economic activity possible. Naturally purifying air and water.
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Element
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A fundamental type of matter. Chemical substances that has a given set of properties.
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Environmental economics
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Modifies the principle of neoclassical economics to address environmental challenges.
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Environment science
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The study of how the natural world functions and how humans and the
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Environment interacts
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This theme explores how people affect their environment, or their natural surroundings, and how their environment affects them.
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Ethics
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The study of good and bad, right, and wrong. The term can also refer to a person’s or group’s set of moral principles or values.
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Eutrophication
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The process of nutrient enrichment, increased production of organic matter, and subsequent ecosystem degradation in a water body.
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External costs
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A negative externality, a cost borne by someone not involved in an economic transaction.
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Food chain
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A linear series of feeding relationships. Energy is transferred from lower to higher trophic levels.
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Food web
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Showing feeding interactions within ecological community of trophic levels.
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Geothermal energy
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is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth.
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Green manure-
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Organic fertilizer comprised of freshly dead plant material.
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Green taxes
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Tax against environmental bad things aimed to market based incentive.
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Greenhouse effect
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The warming of Earth’s surface and atmosphere caused by energy emitted by greenhouse gases.
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Greenhouse gases
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A gas that absorbs infrared radiation released by Earth’s surface and then warm the surface and troposphere by emitting energy.
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Gross primary production
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The energy that results when autotrophs convert solar energy to energy of chemical bonds in sugars.
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Haber-Bosch process
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N2 +3H2 -> 2NH3. 1% total energy worldwide.
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Herbivores
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Plant eaters
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Herbivore
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The consumption of plants by animals.
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Humus
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Dark, spongy, crumbly mass of martial made up of complex organic compounds, resulting from the partial decomposition of organic matter.
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Infrared radiation
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electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum.
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Ion
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An electrically charged atom or combination of atoms.
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Isotope
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One of several forms of an element having differing numbers of neutrons in the nucleus of its atoms.
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Kerogen
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is a mixture of organic chemical compounds that make up a portion of the organic matter in sedimentary rocks Oil shale.
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Keystone species
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A species that has an especially far reaching effect on a community.
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Kwashiorkor
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A form of malnutrition that results from high starch diet with inadequate protein or amino acids.
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Leaching
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The process by which solid materials such as minerals are dissolved in a liquid and transported to another location.
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Loam
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is soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration.
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Malnourished
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Lacking nutrients.
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Maquiladoras
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A U.S. owned factor across the border.
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Marasmus
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A form of malnutrition. Lack of protein and lack of calories.
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Mixed economies
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Has elements of both Gov. Run and never intervenes.
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Microwaves
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If you don't know this you deserve to be killed!!
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Mixture
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is a material system made up by two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically.
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Mutualism
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All participating organisms benefit from the relationship.
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Service
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Promotes soil conservation as well as water and air pollution. Prior to 1994 known as the Soil conservation act.
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Neoclassical economics
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Theory of economics that explains market prices in terms of consumer preferences for units of particular commodities.
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Net primary production
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The rate at which net primary production is produced.
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Neurotoxins
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A toxicant that assaults the nervous system.
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Nuclear energy
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The energy that holds together protons and neutrons within the nucleus of an atom.
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O-horizon
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The top layer of soil in some soil profiles, made up of organic matter.
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Paradigm
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is simply a belief system (or theory) that guides the way we do things,
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Parasitism
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Parasite depends in the host, the host is harmed.
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Peer review
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process of the manuscript of being reviewed and being critic by other specialists.
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Photosynthesis
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Turning sunlight to sugar. Plants
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Phthalates
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Hormone disrupting chemicals used to soften plastics and enhance fragrances in several items.
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Predation (predator)
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One species hunts the other.
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Primary consumers
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Consume producers and feeds at the second trophic level.
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Primary production
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The conversion of solar energy to the energy of chemical bonds in sugars during photosynthesis.
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Producers
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is an organism that can make its own food from photosynthesis.
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Radioactive
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Quality in which some isotopes decay, changing their chemical identity as they shed atomic particles and emit high energy radiation.
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Recombinant DNA
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DNA that has been patched together to get a desirable trait of organisms lacking that trait.
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R-horizon (bedrock)
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The bottommost layer of soil.
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Salinization
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The buildup of salts in surface soil layers.
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Secondary consumers
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organisms that consume primary consumers and feeds at the third trophic level.
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Secondary production
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is the generation of biomass of heterotrophic (consumer) organisms in a system.
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Shelterbelts
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A row of trees or other tall plants planted along the edges of farm fields to break the wind and minimizes erosion.
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Solar radiation (sunshine)
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is radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy.
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Sustainable
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Principle of environment science requiring living in such a way to maintains Earth’s system and its natural resources.
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Synergistic
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An interactive effect that is more than or different from the simple sum of their constituent effect.
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Teratogens
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A toxicant that causes harm to the unborn, resulting in birth defects.
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Terraces
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The cutting of level platforms, sometimes with raised edges, into steep hillsides to contain water from irrigation and perception.
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Tropic
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either of two circles of latitude that mark the northernmost and southernmost latitudes at which the sun may be seen directly.
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Tropic level
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Rank in the feeding hierarchy of a food chain Higher consumes lower.
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Tundra
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Biome Like a desert except at high altitudes resulting in extremely cold temps.
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Ultra-violet (UV) radiation
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light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays.
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Undernourished
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Insufficient nutrition in which people receive less than 90% of their daily caloric needs.
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Vectors
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An organism that transfers a pathogen to its host. Mosquito transfers malaria to humans.
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