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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transformation |
Motion, Forces, and Energy by Prentice Hall Publishers, Science Explorer. Most forms of energy can be transformed into other forms. A change from one form of energy to another is called an energy transformation. Some energy changes involve single transformations, while others involve many transformations. |
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Bacteriophage |
ype of virus that infects bacteria. In fact, the word "bacteriophage" literally means "bacteria eater," |
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Nucleotide |
molecules that, when linked together, form the building blocks of DNA or RNA |
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Base Pairing |
nucleotides connecting the complementary strands of a molecule of DNA or RNA and consisting of a purine linked to a pyrimidine by hydrogen bonds. |
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Chromatin |
The substance distributed in the nucleus of a cell that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. It consists mainly of DNA and proteins called histones. |
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Histone |
group of five small basic proteins, occurring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, that organize DNA strands |
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Replication |
process by which genetic material, a single-celled organism, or a virus reproduces or makes a copy of itself. |
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DNA Polymerase |
Type of enzyme that is responsible for forming new copies of DNA, in the form of nucleic acid molecules. Nucleic acids are polymers, which are large molecules |
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Gene |
A linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA. |
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Messenger RNA |
a single-stranded molecule of RNA that is synthesized in the nucleus from a DNA template and then enters the cytoplasm. |
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Ribosomal RNA |
a type of RNA thought to be transcribed from DNA in the nucleoli of cell nuclei |
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Transfer RNA |
a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) |
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Transcription |
the process of making an RNA copy of a gene sequence. This copy, called a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, leaves the cell nucleus and enters the cytoplasm |
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RNA Polymerase |
an enzyme that synthesizes the formation of RNA from a DNA template during transcription. Expand. |
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Promoter |
A substance that is capable of increasing the activity of a catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. |
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Intron |
A noncoding segment in a length of DNA that interrupts a gene-coding sequence or nontranslated sequence. |
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Exon |
The nucleic acid sequence in the DNA, or RNA transcript following genetic splicing. |
