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30 Cards in this Set

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Bourgeosie

Marx's term for capitalists, those who own the means for production

Proletariat

Marx's term for the exploited class, mass workers who do not own the means of production

Functionalism

Theoretical framework where society is viewed as composed of various parts to make society as a whole. When fulfilled society reaches equilibrium

Conflict theory

Theory that society is made of groups competing for scarce resources



Hypothesis

An educated guess, usually based on a theory

Survey

Collection of data by having people answer a series of questions

Independent variable

A factor that causes a change in another factor (the dependent variable)

Dependent variable

A factor in an experiment that is changed by the independent variable

Culture shock

The disorientation people feel when coming into contact with fundamentally different cultures and are unable to depend on taken for granted assumptions on life

Ethnocentrism

Using you culture to judge another's

Values

Standards by,quiche people define what is desirable or undesirable

Norms

Expectations of "right" behaviors

Folkways

Norms that,are not strictly enforced

Counter culture

A group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related behaviors place it's members in opposition to the broader culture

Cultural lag,

When a culture lags behind its technological advances

Looking glass self

The process by which our self develops by internalizing other's reactions to us

Manifest functions

Intended good consequences of people's actions

Life course

Stages of life from birth to death

Resocialization

Process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors

Macrosociology

Analysis of social life that focuses on broad features of society

Focuses on social class and groups relations to other groups

Microsociology

Analysis of social life that focuses on social interaction

Status

The position that someone occupies in social groups

Ascribed status

The position a person inherits at birth or involuntarily recieves later in life

Achieved status

Positions in society that are earned, accomplished, or require effort to achieve

Master status

A status that cuts across other statuses a person occupies

Role

The behaviours, obligations, and privileges attached to a status

Mechanical solidarity q

Unity that people feel as a result of performing the same or similar tasks as one another

Organic solidarity

Term for the interdependence that results from the division of labor

Gemeinschaft

A community in which everyone knows everyone and people share a sense of togetherness

Gesellschaft

Type of society that is dominated by impersonal relationships, individual accomplishments, and self interest