Vocab T Cells

Front 1

anergic

Back 1

non responsiveness

Front 2

apoptosis

Back 2

cell suicide

Front 3

B7

Back 3

counter molecule for CD28 (and CTLA-4)

Front 4

Caspase (Skip)

Back 4

protease (originally referred to as ICE protease and ice like protease) (cleave following aspartate residue)

Front 5

CD2

Back 5

panmarker on T cells ( also present on natural killer cells)

Front 6

CD28

Back 6

costimulatory molecule for T cell activation (ligand is B7)

Front 7

CD3

Back 7

proteins expressed as a complex with the T cell receptor

Front 8

CD4

Back 8

lineage defining molecule (T helper cells)

Front 9

CD4+ T cells

Back 9

T cells whose function is to secrete cytokines

Front 10

CD40L

Back 10

ligand for CD40; required for B cell (CD40-CD40L) isotype switching and memory cell formation

Front 11

CD45

Back 11

tyrosine phosphatase

Front 12

CD8

Back 12

lineage defining molecule (cytotoxic T cells)

Front 13

CD95-CD95 ligand

Back 13

proteins whose interaction leads to apoptosis of the cell

Front 14

class I MHC

Back 14

molecules that display peptides – complex is recognized by CD8+ T cells

Front 15

class I MHC

Back 15

refers to the fact that CD8+ T cells only recognize antigenic peptides displayed in the groove of class I MHC proteins

Front 16

class II MHC

Back 16

molecules that display peptides – complex is recognized by CD4+ T cells

Front 17

class II MHC restriction

Back 17

refers to the fact that CD4+ T cells only recognize antigenic peptides displayed in the groove of class II MHC proteins

Front 18

conjugate formation

Back 18

interaction of two cells

Front 19

costimulatory molecules

Back 19

proteins whose interaction with counter molecules is either required for, or enhances cell activation

Front 20

dendritic cell

Back 20

a professional antigen presenting cell

Front 21

FADD (Skip)

Back 21

Fas associated death domain

Front 22

Fas (Skip)

Back 22

A protein (CD95) that binds to the fas receptor (CD95L) – induces apoptosis of the cell

Front 23

Fas receptor (Skip)

Back 23

CD95 ligand ( CD95-CD95-L interaction leads to apoptosis)

Front 24

ice-like proteases (Skip)

Back 24

Interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (now referred to as caspases)

Front 25

interferon gamma

Back 25

Cytokine, Type 1, crucial for optimal cytotoxic function of macrophages-

Front 26

interleukin 10

Back 26

Type 2 cytokine, down regulates dendritic cell or macrophage secretion of IL-12

Front 27

interleukin 12

Back 27

cytokine secreted by antigen presenting cells

Front 28

interleukin 13 (Skip)

Back 28

Type 2 cytokine

Front 29

interleukin 2

Back 29

Type 1 cytokine and growth factor for T cells

Front 30

interleukin 4

Back 30

Type 2 cytokine – may also be secreted by mast cells, role in isotype switching to IgE

Front 31

memory T cell

Back 31

T cells that play a role in immunosurveillance ( these cells have been previously activated)

Front 32

natural killer cells

Back 32

innate immune cytotoxic cell – primary role destruction of virally infected cells

Front 33

osmotic lysis

Back 33

altered ion flux leads ultimately to net flux of water in the cell and then cell rupture

Front 34

perforin

Back 34

a protein present in granules of natural killer cells and CD8+ cytotoxic cells ( cause cell lysis)

Front 35

raf kinase (skip)

Back 35

initial kinase in a kinase cascade following activation of ras

Front 36

Th0 cells

Back 36

intermediate cell in the activation of Thp to either a Th1 or a Th2 cell

Front 37

Th1 cells

Back 37

CD4+ T cells that secrete Type 1 cytokines

Front 38

38) Th2 cells

Back 38

38) CD4+ T cells that secrete Type 2 cytokines

Front 39

39) Thp cells

Back 39

39) naïve cells that have not yet been activated (T helper precursor)

Front 40

40) TRADD (Skip)

Back 40

40) tumor necrosis factor receptor associated death domain

Front 41

41) transforming growth factor beta

Back 41

41) inhibitory cytokine

Front 42

42) Type 1 cytokines

Back 42

42) primarily required for cellular immunity

Front 43

43) Type 2 cytokines

Back 43

43) primarily required for humoral immunity

Front 44

44) Zap 70 kinase (skip)

Back 44

44) tyrosine kinase that is activated when T cells are activated

Front 45

CD25

Back 45

45) CD25 High affinity receptor for IL-2

Front 46

nTreg

Back 46

46) ―natural regulator T cell that emerges from the thymus

Front 47

47. a/i Treg

Back 47

47) adaptive/inducible regulatory T cell

Front 48

FOXP3

Back 48

48) transcription factor that is present in regulatory T cells

Front 49

Th17

Back 49

49) subset of T cell that plays a role in inflammation (see T cell section/lecture)

Front 50

50. IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23

Back 50

50) IL-17, IL-21, IL-22 and IL-23—Check cytokine section in summary notes