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28 Cards in this Set
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A solution that has a lower concentration of molecules than what would be inside of a cell. (Egg in water solution) The cell will absorb water to try to dilute the molecules inside the cell. |
Hypotonic solution |
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A solution that has a greater concentration of molecules than what would be inside of a cell. (Egg in syrup solution) The cell will lose water to try to dilute the molecules inside the cell.
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Hypertonic solution |
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A solution that has the same concentration of molecules as would be inside of a cell. (Egg in scrambled egg) The cell will stay the same size as it is already in dynamic equillibrium |
Isotonic Solution |
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A type of passive transport where the shape of the molecule must match the shape of the transport protein to enter into the cell. Does not require energy |
Facilitated diffusion |
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Organelle that creates cell parts or modifies some proteins helping to create the shape of the protein. Sex hormones are created by this organelle. Detoxifies cells. Often called the "factory of the cell". No ribosomes are attached |
Smooth ER |
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Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
Diffusion |
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Single-celled microorganisms that lacks a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles |
Prokaryotic cell |
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Small particles in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein |
Ribosome |
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Stack of membranes in the cell in which enzymes attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins to create "tags" on the cell membrane. The protein enters this organelle after going through the ER |
Golgi apparatus
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Strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria |
Cell Wall |
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Thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
Cell membrane |
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A type of transport of molecule across the cell membrane. Any molecule that can fit through the transport protein will be allowed in, regardless of shape. Does not require energy |
Passive Transport |
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Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell |
Lysosomes |
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Cell organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules. The organelle creates the ATP |
Mitochondrion |
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Cells are the basic units of structure and function in lving things |
Cell theory |
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Cells that have membrane bound organelles. Fungus, protozoans, plants, and animals are all made of this type of cell |
Eukaryotic cell |
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Dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of ribosomes begins |
Nucleolus |
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Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
Osmosis |
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Double-membrane layer that surrounds the nucleus of the cell |
Nuclear envelope |
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Energy-requiring process that moves materials across a cell membrane against a concentration difference |
Active Transport |
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Found in plant cells to store water and maintain shape of plant cell |
Large Vacuole |
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Granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
Chromatin |
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Idea that all living things are composed of cells |
Cell theory |
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Large structure inside some cells that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls activities |
Nucleus |
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Material inside the cell membrane- but not including the nucleus. Many amino acids and other molecules float around in this cellular fluid |
Cytoplasm |
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New cells are produced from existing cells |
Cell theory |
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Organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that uses energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules by photosynthesis |
Chloroplast |
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Organelle that creates cell parts or modifies some proteins, as ribosomes attached to it. Detoxifies cells. Makes insulin. Often called the factory of the cell |
Rough ER |
