Vocab Part 1 And 2

Front 1

Electromagnetic spectrum

Back 1

the range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends.

Front 2

Electron cloud

Back 2

is an informal term in physics. It is used to describe where electrons are when they go around the nucleus of an atom

Front 3

Emission spectrum

Back 3

a spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source.

Front 4

Excited state (as it pertains to electrons)

Back 4

atom, molecule or nucleus is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state

Front 5

Frequency

Back 5

Number of events in a given unit of time. Waves meaning the number of peaks which would pass a stationary point.

Front 6

Hertz

Back 6

the unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second.

Front 7

Nanometer

Back 7

one billionth of a meter.

Front 8

Photon

Back 8

a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency

Front 9

Probability (math definition)

Back 9

likelihood of something happening in the future. It is expressed as a number between zero to 1

Front 10

Quantum

Back 10

a discrete quantity of energy proportional in magnitude to the frequency of the radiation it represents

Front 11

Radiant energy

Back 11

energy that travels by waves or particles, particularly electromagnetic radiation

Front 12

Wave particle duality of nature

Back 12

exhibition of both wavelike and particlelike properties by a single entity

Front 13

Wavelength

Back 13

the distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave

Front 14

Quantum mechanics

Back 14

branch of mechanics that deals with the mathematical description of the motion and interaction of subatomic particles

Front 15

Classical (Newtonian) mechanics

Back 15

system of mechanics that relies on Newton's laws of motion concerning the relations between forces acting and motions occurring

Front 16

Degenerate

Back 16

orbitals with the same energy.

Front 17

Lewis electron dot diagram

Back 17

diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

Front 18

Momentum

Back 18

property or tendency of a moving object to continue moving.

Front 19

Quantum number

Back 19

a number that occurs in the theoretical expression for the value of some quantized property of a subatomic particle

Front 20

Principal quantum number

Back 20

one of four quantum numbers which are assigned to each electron in an atom to describe that electron's state

Front 21

Sublevel

Back 21

an electron orbital designated as s, p, d or f.

Front 22

Orbital

Back 22

a mathematical expression, called a wave function, that describes properties characteristic of no more than two electrons

Front 23

Pauli exclusion principle

Back 23

in an atom or molecule, no two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers

Front 24

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Back 24

it's impossible to determine accurately both the momentum and position of an electron simultaneously

Front 25

Aufbau principle

Back 25

electrons orbiting one or more atoms fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels

Front 26

Hund's rule

Back 26

every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied