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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atom |
a small particle that is the building block of matter
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nucleous |
the region at the center of an atom where most of the atom’s mass and positive charge are concentrated
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proton |
a positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom
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neutron |
a neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom
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electron |
a negatively charged particle that occupies the space in an atom outside the nucleus
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electron cloud |
the region surrounding the atom’s nucleus where one or more electrons are most likely to be found
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matter |
anything that has mass and takes up space
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element |
a substance that consists of only one type of atom
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molecule |
two or more atoms that are held together by covalent bonds and act as a unit
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substance |
matter with a composition that is always the same
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compound |
a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically joined in a specific combination
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mixture |
matter that can vary in composition
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Heterogeneous
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a mixture in which the substances are not evenly mixed
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Homogeneous
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a mixture in which two or more substances are evenly mixed, but not bonded together
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Chemical Reaction |
a process in which atoms of one or more substances rearranged to form one or more new substances
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Chemical Equation
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a description of a reaction using element symbols and chemical formulas
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Chemical Bond
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an attraction between atoms when electrons are shared, transferred, or pooled
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Reactants
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starting substances in a chemical reaction (left)
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Products
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substances produced by a chemical reaction (right)
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Coefficient
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a number placed in front of an element symbol or chemical formula in an equation
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Subscript
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a small number placed at the end of an element symbol to show how many atoms are present in the molecule.
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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states that the total mass of the reactants before the chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the products after the chemical reaction
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Endothermic |
a type of reaction in which thermal energy is absorbed
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Exothermic |
a type of reaction in which thermal energy is released
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