Vocab Final Exam

Front 1

Ameliorate

Back 1

verb
to make or become better, more bearable, or more satisfactory; improve; meliorate

Front 2

Arbitrates

Back 2

To judge or decide in or as in the manner of an arbitrator: arbitrate a dispute between neighbors.
To submit to settlement or judgment by arbitration: Management and labor agreed to arbitrate their remaining differences.

v. intr.

To serve as an arbitrator or arbiter.
To submit a dispute to arbitration.

Front 3

Attenuates

Back 3

To make slender, fine, or small: The drought attenuated the river to a narrow channel.
To reduce in force, value, amount, or degree; weaken: Medicine attenuated the fever's effect.
To lessen the density of; rarefy.

Front 4

Ingratiates

Back 4

To bring (oneself, for example) into the favor or good graces of another, especially by deliberate effort: She quickly sought to ingratiate herself with the new administration

Front 5

Axiomatic

Back 5

Of, relating to, or resembling an axiom; self-evident: "It's axiomatic in politics that voters won't throw out a presidential incumbent unless they think his challenger will clean house" (Peter Grier).

Front 6

Complacent

Back 6

adjective 1. pleased, esp. with oneself or one's merits, advantages, situation, etc., often without awareness of some potential danger or defect; self-satisfied: The voters are too complacent to change the government.

Front 7

Decrepit

Back 7

adj. Weakened, worn out, impaired, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use. See Synonyms at weak.

Front 8

Defunct

Back 8

adjective 1. no longer in effect or use; not operating or functioning: a defunct law; a defunct organization.
2. no longer in existence; dead; extinct: a defunct person; a defunct tribe of Indians.
–noun

Front 9

Eminent

Back 9

high in station, rank, or repute; prominent; distinguished: eminent statesmen.
2. conspicuous, signal, or noteworthy: eminent fairness.
3. lofty; high: eminent peaks.
4. prominent; projecting; protruding: an eminent nose

Front 10

Convivial

Back 10

friendly; agreeable: a convivial atmosphere.
2. fond of feasting, drinking, and merry company; jovial.
3. of or befitting a feast; festive.

Front 11

Indolent

Back 11

adjective 1. having or showing a disposition to avoid exertion; slothful: an indolent person.
2. Pathology. causing little or no pain; inactive or relatively benign: an indolent ulcer that is not painful and is slow to heal.

Front 12

Laudable

Back 12

deserving praise; praiseworthy; commendable: Reorganizing the files was a laudable idea.
2. Medicine/Medical Obsolete. healthy; wholesome; not noxious.

Front 13

Primordial

Back 13

constituting a beginning; giving origin to something derived or developed; original; elementary: primordial forms of life.

Front 14

Sebaceous

Back 14

pertaining to, of the nature of, or resembling tallow or fat; fatty; greasy.
2. secreting a fatty substance.

Front 15

Exalt

Back 15

to raise in rank, honor, power, character, quality, etc.; elevate: He was exalted to the position of president.
2. to praise; extol: to exalt someone to the skies

Front 16

Lionize

Back 16

li·on·ize /ˈlaɪəˌnaɪz/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[lahy-uh-nahyz] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation verb, -ized, -iz·ing.
–verb (used with object) 1. to treat (a person) as a celebrity: to lionize the visiting poet.
2. British. to visit or exhibit the objects of interest of (a place).
–verb (used without object) 3. to pursue celebrities or seek their company.
4. British. to visit the objects of interest of a place.

Front 17

Malign

Back 17

ma·lign /məˈlaɪn/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[muh-lahyn] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used with object) 1. to speak harmful untruths about; speak evil of; slander; defame: to malign an honorable man.
–adjective 2. evil in effect; pernicious; baleful; injurious: The gloomy house had a malign influence upon her usually good mood.
3. having or showing an evil disposition; malevolent; malicious

Front 18

Monograph

Back 18

noun 1. a treatise on a particular subject, as a biographical study or study of the works of one artist.
2. a highly detailed and thoroughly documented study or paper written about a limited area of a subject or field of inquiry: scholarly monographs on medieval pigments.
3. an account of a single thing or class of things, as of a species of organism

Front 19

Sublime

Back 19

adjective 1. elevated or lofty in thought, language, etc.: Paradise Lost is sublime poetry.
2. impressing the mind with a sense of grandeur or power; inspiring awe, veneration, etc.: Switzerland has sublime scenery.
3. supreme or outstanding: a sublime dinner.
4. complete; absolute; utter: sublime stupidity

Front 20

Blissful

Back 20

bliss·ful /ˈblɪsfəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[blis-fuhl] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective full of, abounding in, enjoying, or conferring bliss.

Front 21

Elated

Back 21

To make proud or joyful: Her success elated the family.

adj. Elated.

Front 22

Obvilious

Back 22

adjective 1. unmindful; unconscious; unaware (usually fol. by of or to): She was oblivious of his admiration.
2. forgetful; without remembrance or memory: oblivious of my former failure.
3. Archaic. inducing forgetfulness.

Front 23

Salubrious

Back 23

adjective favorable to or promoting health; healthful: salubrious air.

Front 24

Unsavory

Back 24

adjective 1. not savory; tasteless or insipid: an unsavory meal.
2. unpleasant in taste or smell; distasteful.
3. unappealing or disagreeable, as a pursuit: Poor teachers can make education unsavory.
4. socially or morally objectionable or offensive: an unsavory past; an unsavory person.

Front 25

Burly

Back 25

adjective, -li·er, -li·est. 1. large in bodily size; stout; sturdy.
2. bluff; brusque.

Front 26

Fallible

Back 26

adjective 1. (of persons) liable to err, esp. in being deceived or mistaken.
2. liable to be erroneous or false; not accurate: fallible information

Front 27

Hoary

Back 27

–adjective, hoar·i·er, hoar·i·est. 1. gray or white with age: an old dog with a hoary muzzle.
2. ancient or venerable: hoary myths.
3. tedious from familiarity; stale: Please don't tell that hoary joke at dinner again tonight.

Front 28

Jocund

Back 28

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joc·und /ˈdʒɒkənd, ˈdʒoʊkənd/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[jok-uhnd, joh-kuhnd] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective cheerful; merry; gay; blithe; glad: a witty and jocund group.

Front 29

Nettlesome

Back 29

adjective 1. causing irritation, vexation, or annoyance: to cope with a nettlesome situation.
2. easily provoked or annoyed: to become nettlesome over trivial matters

Front 30

Admonished

Back 30

To reprove gently but earnestly.
To counsel (another) against something to be avoided; caution.
To remind of something forgotten or disregarded, as an obligation or a responsibility

Front 31

Buoyed

Back 31

.
A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, or indicate a navigational channel.
A life buoy.

tr.v. buoyed, buoy·ing, buoys

To keep afloat or aloft: a glider buoyed by air currents.

To maintain at a high level; support: "the persistent ... takeover speculation, which has buoyed up the shares of banks" (Financial Times).
To hearten or inspire; uplift: "buoyed up by the team spirit and the pride of the older generation back at home" (Judith Martin).

Front 32

Cogitated

Back 32

verb (used without object) 1. to think hard; ponder; meditate: to cogitate about a problem.

Front 33

Subverted

Back 33

tr.v. sub·vert·ed, sub·vert·ing, sub·verts

To destroy completely; ruin: "schemes to subvert the liberties of a great community" (Alexander Hamilton).
To undermine the character, morals, or allegiance of; corrupt.
To overthrow completely: "Economic assistance ... must subvert the existing ... feudal or tribal order" (Henry A. Kissinger). See Synonyms at overthrow.

Front 34

Truckled

Back 34

truck·le1 /ˈtrʌkəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[truhk-uhl] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used without object), -led, -ling. to submit or yield obsequiously or tamely (usually fol. by to): Don't truckle to unreasonable demands.

Front 35

Amorphous

Back 35

adjective 1. lacking definite form; having no specific shape; formless: the amorphous clouds.
2. of no particular kind or character; indeterminate; having no pattern or structure; unorganized: an amorphous style; an amorphous personality.

Front 36

Arbitrary

Back 36

adjective 1. subject to individual will or judgment without restriction; contingent solely upon one's discretion: an arbitrary decision.
2. decided by a judge or arbiter rather than by a law or statute.
3. having unlimited power; uncontrolled or unrestricted by law; despotic; tyrannical: an arbitrary government.
4. capricious; unreasonable; unsupported: an arbitrary demand for payment.
5. Mathematics. undetermined; not assigned a specific value: an arbitrary constant.

Front 37

Ascetic

Back 37

noun 1. a person who dedicates his or her life to a pursuit of contemplative ideals and practices extreme self-denial or self-mortification for religious reasons.
2. a person who leads an austerely simple life, esp. one who abstains from the normal pleasures of life or denies himself or herself material satisfaction.
3. (in the early Christian church) a monk; hermit

Front 38

Fusty

Back 38

adjective, -ti·er, -ti·est. 1. having a stale smell; moldy; musty: fusty rooms that were in need of a good airing.
2. old-fashioned or out-of-date, as architecture, furnishings, or the like: They still live in that fusty, gingerbread house.
3. stubbornly conservative or old-fashioned; fogyish

Front 39

Morbid

Back 39

adjective 1. suggesting an unhealthy mental state or attitude; unwholesomely gloomy, sensitive, extreme, etc.: a morbid interest in death.
2. affected by, caused by, causing, or characteristic of disease.
3. pertaining to diseased parts: morbid anatomy.
4. gruesome; grisly.

Front 40

Disconsolate

Back 40

dis·con·so·late /dɪsˈkɒnsəlɪt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[dis-kon-suh-lit] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. without consolation or solace; hopelessly unhappy; inconsolable: Loss of her pet dog made her disconsolate.
2. characterized by or causing dejection; cheerless; gloomy: disconsolate prospects.

Front 41

Georgic

Back 41

n. A poem concerning farming or rural life.

Front 42

Obsolescent

Back 42

ob·so·les·cent /ˌɒbsəˈlɛsənt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ob-suh-les-uhnt] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. becoming obsolete; passing out of use, as a word: an obsolescent term.
2. becoming outdated or outmoded, as machinery or weapons.
3. Biology. gradually disappearing or imperfectly developed, as vestigial organs.

Front 43

Sardonic

Back 43

sar·don·ic /sɑrˈdɒnɪk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[sahr-don-ik] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; cynical; sneering: a sardonic grin.

Front 44

Tepid

Back 44

tep·id (těp'ĭd) Pronunciation Key
adj.
Moderately warm; lukewarm.
Lacking in emotional warmth or enthusiasm; halfhearted: "the tepid conservatism of the fifties" (Irving Howe).

Front 45

Chagrin

Back 45

noun 1. a feeling of vexation, marked by disappointment or humiliation.
–verb (used with object) 2. to vex by disappointment or humiliation: The rejection of his proposal chagrined him deeply.

Front 46

Declivity

Back 46

de·cliv·i·ty /dɪˈklɪvɪti/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[di-kliv-i-tee] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun, plural -ties. a downward slope, as of ground (opposed to acclivity).

Front 47

Eminence

Back 47

–noun 1. high station, rank, or repute: philosophers of eminence.
2. a high place or part; a hill or elevation; height.

Front 48

Perigee

Back 48

per·i·gee /ˈpɛrɪˌdʒi/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[per-i-jee] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun Astronomy. the point in the orbit of a heavenly body, esp. the moon, or of an artificial satellite at which it is nearest to the earth.

Front 49

Subversion

Back 49

sub·ver·sion (səb-vûr'zhən, -shən) Pronunciation Key
n.

The act or an instance of subverting.
The condition of being subverted.
Obsolete A cause of overthrow or ruin.

Front 50

Acquit

Back 50

ac·quit /əˈkwɪt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[uh-kwit] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used with object), -quit·ted, -quit·ting. 1. to relieve from a charge of fault or crime; declare not guilty: They acquitted him of the crime. The jury acquitted her, but I still think she's guilty.
2. to release or discharge (a person) from an obligation.
3. to settle or satisfy (a debt, obligation, claim, etc.).
4. to bear or conduct (oneself); behave: He acquitted himself well in battle.
5. to free or clear (oneself): He acquitted himself of suspicion

Front 51

Cajole

Back 51

ca·jole /kəˈdʒoʊl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[kuh-johl] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used with object), verb (used without object), -joled, -jol·ing. to persuade by flattery or promises; wheedle; coax.

Front 52

Expurgate

Back 52

ex·pur·gate /ˈɛkspərˌgeɪt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ek-sper-geyt] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used with object), -gat·ed, -gat·ing. 1. to amend by removing words, passages, etc., deemed offensive or objectionable: Most children read an expurgated version of Grimms' fairy tales.
2. to purge or cleanse of moral offensiveness.

Front 53

Raze

Back 53

–verb (used with object), razed, raz·ing. 1. to tear down; demolish; level to the ground: to raze a row of old buildings.
2. to shave or scrape off.

Front 54

Supercede

Back 54

verb
take the place or move into the position of; "Smith replaced Miller as CEO after Miller left"; "the computer has supplanted the slide rule"; "Mary replaced Susan as the team's captain and the highest-ranked player in the school" [syn: supplant]

Front 55

Nugatory

Back 55

nu·ga·to·ry /ˈnugəˌtɔri, -ˌtoʊri, ˈnyu-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[noo-guh-tawr-ee, -tohr-ee, nyoo-] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. of no real value; trifling; worthless.
2. of no force or effect; ineffective; futile; vain.
3. not valid.

Front 56

Ostentatious

Back 56

os·ten·ta·tious /ˌɒstɛnˈteɪʃəs, -tən-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[os-ten-tey-shuhs, -tuhn-] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. characterized by or given to pretentious or conspicuous show in an attempt to impress others: an ostentatious dresser.
2. (of actions, manner, qualities exhibited, etc.) intended to attract notice: Lady Bountiful's ostentatious charity.

Front 57

Pert

Back 57

adjective, -er, -est. 1. boldly forward in speech or behavior; impertinent; saucy.
2. jaunty and stylish; chic; natty.
3. lively; sprightly; in good health.

Front 58

Reticent

Back 58

adjective 1. disposed to be silent or not to speak freely; reserved.
2. reluctant or restrained.

Front 59

Unruffled

Back 59

verb (used with object) 1. to calm (someone).
2. to smooth out (something

Front 60

Acclivity

Back 60

noun, plural -ties. an upward slope, as of ground; an ascent

Front 61

Detriment

Back 61

n.
Damage, harm, or loss: took a long leave of absence without detriment to her career. See Synonyms at disadvantage.
Something that causes damage, harm, or loss: Smoking is now considered a detriment to good health.

Front 62

Nepotism

Back 62

noun patronage bestowed or favoritism shown on the basis of family relationship, as in business and politics: She was accused of nepotism when she made her nephew an officer of the firm.

Front 63

progenitor

Back 63

pro·gen·i·tor /proʊˈdʒɛnɪtər/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[proh-jen-i-ter] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun 1. a biologically related ancestor: a progenitor of the species.
2. a person or thing that first indicates a direction, originates something, or serves as a model; predecessor; precursor: the progenitor of modern painting.

Front 64

propinquity

Back 64

–noun 1. nearness in place; proximity.
2. nearness of relation; kinship.
3. affinity of nature; similarity.
4. nearness in time.

Front 65

Jocose

Back 65

adjective given to or characterized by joking; jesting; humorous; playful: a jocose and amusing manner.

Front 66

Menial

Back 66

adjective 1. lowly and sometimes degrading: menial work.
2. servile; submissive: menial attitudes.
3. pertaining to or suitable for domestic servants; humble: menial furnishings.
–noun 4. a domestic servant.
5. a servile person.

Front 67

Obsequious

Back 67

adjective 1. characterized by or showing servile complaisance or deference; fawning: an obsequious bow.
2. servilely compliant or deferential: obsequious servants.
3. obedient; dutiful.

Front 68

poignant

Back 68

adjective 1. keenly distressing to the feelings: poignant regret.
2. keen or strong in mental appeal: a subject of poignant interest.
3. affecting or moving the emotions: a poignant scene.
4. pungent to the smell: poignant cooking odors.

Front 69

precipitous

Back 69

adjective 1. of the nature of or characterized by precipices: a precipitous wall of rock.
2. extremely or impassably steep: precipitous mountain trails.
3. precipitate.

Front 70

contrite

Back 70

adjective 1. caused by or showing sincere remorse.
2. filled with a sense of guilt and the desire for atonement; penitent: a contrite sinner.

Front 71

haggard

Back 71

hag·gard /ˈhægərd/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[hag-erd] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. having a gaunt, wasted, or exhausted appearance, as from prolonged suffering, exertion, or anxiety; worn: the haggard faces of the tired troops.
2. wild; wild-looking: haggard eyes.

Front 72

maudlin

Back 72

maud·lin /ˈmɔdlɪn/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[mawd-lin] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. tearfully or weakly emotional; foolishly sentimental: a maudlin story of a little orphan and her lost dog.
2. foolishly or mawkishly sentimental because of drunkenness.

Front 73

paltry

Back 73

–adjective, -tri·er, -tri·est. 1. ridiculously or insultingly small: a paltry sum.
2. utterly worthless.
3. mean or contemptible: a paltry coward

Front 74

pudgy

Back 74

adjective, pudg·i·er, pudg·i·est. short and fat or thick: an infant's pudgy fingers

Front 75

ambrosial

Back 75

adjective 1. exceptionally pleasing to taste or smell; especially delicious or fragrant.
2. worthy of the gods; divine.

Front 76

Doleful

Back 76

adjective sorrowful; mournful; melancholy: a doleful look on her face.

Front 77

Parsimonious

Back 77

adjective characterized by or showing parsimony; frugal or stingy.
—Synonyms tight, close, niggardly, miserly

Front 78

Salutary

Back 78

adjective 1. favorable to or promoting health; healthful.
2. promoting or conducive to some beneficial purpose; wholesome.

Front 79

Unwieldy

Back 79

adjective, -wield·i·er, -wield·i·est. not wieldy; wielded with difficulty; not readily handled or managed in use or action, as from size, shape, or weight; awkward; ungainly.

Front 80

Axiom

Back 80

noun 1. a self-evident truth that requires no proof.
2. a universally accepted principle or rule.

Front 81

Criterion

Back 81

–noun, plural -te·ri·a /-ˈtɪəriə/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[-teer-ee-uh] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation, -te·ri·ons. a standard of judgment or criticism; a rule or principle for evaluating or testing something.

Front 82

Crux

Back 82

noun, plural crux·es, cru·ces /ˈkrusiz/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[kroo-seez] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation. 1. a vital, basic, decisive, or pivotal point: The crux of the trial was his whereabouts at the time of the murder.
2. a cross.
3. something that torments by its puzzling nature; a perplexing difficulty.
Synonyms 1. essence, heart, core, gist

Front 83

Monolith

Back 83

–noun 1. an obelisk, column, large statue, etc., formed of a single block of stone.
2. a single block or piece of stone of considerable size, esp. when used in architecture or sculpture.

Front 84

Parody

Back 84

noun 1. a humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature or writing: his hilarious parody of Hamlet's soliloquy.
2. the genre of literary composition represented by such imitations.
3. a burlesque imitation of a musical composition.
4. any humorous, satirical, or burlesque imitation, as of a person, event, etc.

Front 85

Caluminous

Back 85

–adjective of, involving, or using calumny; slanderous; defamatory.

Front 86

Ebullient

Back 86

adjective 1. overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement; high-spirited: The award winner was in an ebullient mood at the dinner in her honor.
2. bubbling up like a boiling liquid.

Front 87

Eclectic

Back 87

adjective 1. having its original purity; uncorrupted or unsullied.
2. of or pertaining to the earliest period or state; primitive.

Front 88

Lamentable

Back 88

–adjective 1. that is to be lamented; regrettable; unfortunate: a lamentable decision.
2. Rare. mournful.

Front 89

Pristine

Back 89

adjective 1. having its original purity; uncorrupted or unsullied.
2. of or pertaining to the earliest period or state; primitive.

Front 90

Diffident

Back 90

adj.
Lacking or marked by a lack of self-confidence; shy and timid. See Synonyms at shy1.
Reserved in manner.

Front 91

prodigious

Back 91

pro·di·gious /prəˈdɪdʒəs/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[pruh-dij-uhs] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. extraordinary in size, amount, extent, degree, force, etc.: a prodigious research grant.
2. wonderful or marvelous: a prodigious feat.
3. abnormal; monstrous.

Front 92

sinuous

Back 92

–adjective 1. having many curves, bends, or turns; winding: a sinuous path.
2. indirect; devious: sinuous questions.
3. characterized by a series of graceful curving motions: a sinuous dance.
4. Botany. sinuate, as a leaf.

Front 93

tractable

Back 93

trac·ta·ble /ˈtræktəbəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[trak-tuh-buhl] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective 1. easily managed or controlled; docile; yielding: a tractable child; a tractable disposition.
2. easily worked, shaped, or otherwise handled; malleable.