Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Bedding Plane
|
A flat surface separating two beds of sedimentary rock
|
|
|
Beds (strata)
|
Parallel layers of sedimentary rock
|
|
|
Biochemical
|
A type of chemical sediment that forms when material dissolved in water is precipitated by water-dwelling organism. Shells are common examples of this.
|
|
|
Cementation
|
One way in which sedimentary rocks are lithified. Open spaces are filled and particles are joined into a solid mass
|
|
|
Chemical sedimentary
|
Sedimentary rock consisting of material that was precipitated from water by either inorganic or organic means
|
|
|
Clastic Texture
|
A sedimentary rock texture consisting of broken fragments or preexisting rock
|
|
|
Compaction
|
A type of lithification in which the weight of overlying material compresses more deeply buried sediment. Important for shale
|
|
|
Cross-bedding
|
Structure in which relatively thin layers are inclined at an angle to the main bedding formed by currents of wind or water
|
|
|
Crystalline texture
|
A term for the texture of sedimentary rocks in which the minerals form a pattern of interlocking crystals.
|
|
|
Detrital sedimentary rock
|
Rocks that form from the accumulation of materials that originate and are transported as solid particles derived from both mechanical and chemical weathering
|
|
|
diagenesis
|
A collective term for all the chemical, physical, and biological changed that take place after sediments are deposited and during and after lithification
|
|
|
Environment of deposition
|
A geographic setting where sediment accumulates
|
|
|
Facies
|
A portion of a rock unit that possesses a distinctive set of characteristics that distinguishes it form other parts of the same unit
|
|
|
Fissility
|
The property of splitting easily into thin layers along closely spaced, parallel surfaces, such as bedding planes in shale
|
|
|
Fossil
|
The remains or traces of organism preserved from the geologic past
|
|
|
graded bed
|
A sediment layer characterized by a decrease in sediment size from bottom to top
|
|
|
lithification
|
The process, generally cementation and/or compaction, of converting sediments to solid rock
|
|
|
Mud crack
|
A feature in some sedimentary rocks that forms when wet mud dries out, shrinks and cracks
|
|
|
Nonclastic texture
|
A term for the texture of sedimentary rocks in which the minerals form a pattern of interlocking crystals
|
|
|
organic sedimentary rock
|
Sedimentary rock composed of organic carbon from the remains of plants that died and accumulated on the floor of a swamp. Coal is the primary example.
|
|
|
ripple mark
|
Small waves of sand that develop on the surface of a sediment layer by the action of moving water or air
|
|
|
Salt flat
|
A white crust on the ground produced when water evaporates and leaves its dissolved materials behind
|
|
|
Sedimentary Environment
|
A geographic setting where sediment accumulates
|
|
|
Sorting
|
the degree of similarity in particle size in sediment or sedimentary rock
|
