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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anticline
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upward fold
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Syncline
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downward fold
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Fracture
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break in a rock
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fault
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Break in Earth's crust along which movement occurs.
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Landform
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physical feautre on Earth's solid surface
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Elevation
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height of a point on Earth above or below sea level
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Summit
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highest point ona mountaintop
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folded mountain
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Mountain formed by the folding of rock layers.
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Dome mountain
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mountain formed when upfolds in rocks create a rounded structure that looks like a bowl turned upside down
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Fault-block mountain
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mountain formed when normal faults uplift a block of rock
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plain
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Large, flat area just above sea level
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Plateau
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large, flat area at a high elevation
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volcanism
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Movement of magma inside Earth
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Lava
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magma that reacges Earth's surface
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Vent
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volcano opening form which lava flows
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volcano
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Vent and the volcanic material around it
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Crater
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pit at the top of a volcanic cone
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Caldera
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large hole that forms when the roof of a magma dome collapses
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Shield cone
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volcanic cone made up of layers of hardened lava
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cinder cone
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Volcanic cone made up of rock particles, dust, and ash
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Composite cone
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volcanic cone made up of alternating layers of lava and rock particles
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Earthquake
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sudden, strong movement of Earth's crust
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Focus
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point beneath Earth's surface where an earthquake starts
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Epicenter
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place on Earth's surface directly above the focus
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seismic wave
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Earthquake wave
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Seismograph
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instrument that detects and measure earthquakes
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P-wave
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fastest earthquake wave
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S-wave
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Second earthquake wave to be recorded at a seismograph station
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L-wave
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surface wave
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Richter scale
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scale that measures the energy released by an earthquake
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Tsunami
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large ocean wave caused by an earthquake
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Ring of Fire
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major earthquake and volcanic zone that almost ofrms a circle around the Pacific Ocean
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