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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Anticline
upward fold
Syncline
downward fold
Fracture
break in a rock
fault
Break in Earth's crust along which movement occurs.
Landform
physical feautre on Earth's solid surface
Elevation
height of a point on Earth above or below sea level
Summit
highest point ona mountaintop
folded mountain
Mountain formed by the folding of rock layers.
Dome mountain
mountain formed when upfolds in rocks create a rounded structure that looks like a bowl turned upside down
Fault-block mountain
mountain formed when normal faults uplift a block of rock
plain
Large, flat area just above sea level
Plateau
large, flat area at a high elevation
volcanism
Movement of magma inside Earth
Lava
magma that reacges Earth's surface
Vent
volcano opening form which lava flows
volcano
Vent and the volcanic material around it
Crater
pit at the top of a volcanic cone
Caldera
large hole that forms when the roof of a magma dome collapses
Shield cone
volcanic cone made up of layers of hardened lava
cinder cone
Volcanic cone made up of rock particles, dust, and ash
Composite cone
volcanic cone made up of alternating layers of lava and rock particles
Earthquake
sudden, strong movement of Earth's crust
Focus
point beneath Earth's surface where an earthquake starts
Epicenter
place on Earth's surface directly above the focus
seismic wave
Earthquake wave
Seismograph
instrument that detects and measure earthquakes
P-wave
fastest earthquake wave
S-wave
Second earthquake wave to be recorded at a seismograph station
L-wave
surface wave
Richter scale
scale that measures the energy released by an earthquake
Tsunami
large ocean wave caused by an earthquake
Ring of Fire
major earthquake and volcanic zone that almost ofrms a circle around the Pacific Ocean