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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most vitamins and minerals require little to no digestion- |
liberating them |
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mechanical digestion/muscles in the gi wall produce: |
tonic contractions: which produce continuous movement of food mass, along with valve control periodic muscle concentration and relaxation which mix food and move it forward these alternating forces are known as peristalsis |
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nerves from esophagus to anus: |
intramural nerve plexus control muscle tone in wall regulate rate and intensity of contractions coordinate various movements |
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hydrochloric acid and buffer ions: |
produce correct pH necessary for enzyme activity |
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enzymes: |
specific digestive proteins for breaking down nutrients |
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mucus |
lubricates and protects the gi tract tissues and mix's the food mass |
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water and electrolytes : |
carry and circulate the products of digestion through the tract and into the tissues |
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bile: |
divides fat into smaller pieces to assist fat enzymes |
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hormones are |
protein |
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accessory organs |
pancreas- liver- filler,storage,cholesterol, bile gallbladder- concentrates, stores, releases bile |
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mastication |
breaks down food |
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peristalsis |
nerve reflexes |
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salivary glands |
secrete material containing salivary amylase or ptyalin
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ebners glands |
at the back of the tongue secrete a lingual lipase
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salivary glands also secrete a |
mucous material to lubricate and bind food particles , facilitating the swallowing off the food bolus
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secretions from the mucous glands in the esophagus help move food toward the ______ |
stomach |
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paratid |
salivary gland |
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3 types of secretions |
hydrochloric acid: hormone gastrin stimulates parietal cells to release acid to promote gastric enzyme activity Mucus: protect the stomach lining from acid, bind and mix the food mass Enzymes: pepsinogen secreted by stomach, activated -pepsin peptides=proteins |
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enterokinase |
in the intestines |
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digestion |
food enters upper portion of stomach(fundus) stomach muscles knead,store,mix,and propel food mass forward. when the food mass reaches the lower part of the stomach(antrum) it is a semiliquid acid/food mix called chyme. the pyloric valve releases chyme into the first section of the small intestine( duodenum) |
