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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Retinoids
(Vit A) |
Visual pigment of Rhodopsin. Retinoic acid regulates cell differentiation. Embryogenesis, postnatal growth. Reproductive function.
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Vit D
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Vit D3 (cholecalciferol) formed by action of UV radiation in skin. 25-Hydroxylation (in liver)and 1-hydroxylation (In kidney). Rate limiting is in kidney. by PTH and hypophasphatemia
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Tocopherol
Vit E |
Not well understood. Antioxidant activity, 1st line of defense against lipid peroxidation.
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Vit K
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Carboxyglutamate is formed in liver and occupies region on 5 blood clotting factors, Ca++ chelators
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Ascorbic Acid
(Vit C) |
Reducing agent. Hydroxylation rxns. Ex: Hydroxyproline/lysine in collagen. Reduce methenoglobin Tyrosine hydroxylated in rate limiting step of cateciolamine syn. G-6-P can for L-Ascorbic Acid
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Cobalamine (B12)
(most complex) |
Methylcobalamine and 5’ deoxyadenosylcobalamine are coenzyes. One regenerated THF. Transfer H groups.
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Folic Acid (B9)
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Converted to Tetrahydrofolate (THF) by dihydrofolate reductase. The transfers 1 carbon unit. Synthesis of purine Nucleotides and Thymine.
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Pyridoxine (B6)
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Prosthetic group for A.A. metabolism. Heme biosynthesis of Neuro Transmitters.Move nitrogen or amino groups (glutomate)
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Folic Acid (B9)
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Converted to Tetrahydrofolate (THF) by dihydrofolate reductase. The transfers 1 carbon unit. Synthesis of purine Nucleotides and Thymine.
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Pyridoxine (B6)
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Prosthetic group for A.A. metabolism. Heme biosynthesis of Neuro Transmitters.Move nitrogen or amino groups (glutomate)
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Pantothenic Acid (B5)
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Constituent of CoA
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Biotin (B4)
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Prosthetic group of metabolic enzymes catalyzing carboxylation rxn.
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Niacin (B3)
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Part of universal electron carriers NAD+/NADH
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Riboflavin (B2)
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Part of FMN and FAD (coenzyme)
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Thiamine (B1)
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Precursor of Thiamine Pyrophosphate. A coenzyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Ex: Decarboxylation
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