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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 baseline vital signs
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respiration
pulse blood pressure skin pupils |
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Respiration rates
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Adult: 12-20
Child (5-12): 20-24 Child (1-5): 25-28 Infant: 30 Newborn:30-70 |
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How to check respiration rates
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After taking the patient's pulse, do not remove your hand from the wrist and discreetly watch for chest/forearm rise and fall
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4 descriptors of respiration quality
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normal
shallow labored noisy |
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Pulse rates
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Adult: 60-100
Child (5-12): 60-120 Children (1-5): 80-150 Infants: 120-150 |
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4 descriptors of pulse quality
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regular
irregular strong weak |
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Why assess skin color?
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To determine perfusion
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Where should skin color be assessed?
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Nail beds, oral mucosa (inner lips), conjunctiva
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Normal (1) vs. abnormal (4) skin colors
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Normal: pink
Abnormal: flushed, pale, cyanotic, jaundice |
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How to assess skin temperature
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Use the back of the hand/wrist on the patient's skin (fingers are usually cold)
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Abnormal skin condition
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hot, cool, cold, wet, moist
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Capillary refill should be assessed in...
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Children and infants under 6
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How to assess capillary refill
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Press the skin and determine the time for color to return
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Normal time for capillary refill
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fewer than 2 seconds
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The pupils' ____ and _____ should be determined
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size; reactivity to light
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What tool should be used when examining pupils?
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Pen light
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3 descriptors of pupil size
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dilated, normal, constricted
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2 descriptors of pupil evenness
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equal or unequal
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Systolic blood pressure: define, find
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Define: pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries when the heart is contracting
Find: first distinct pulse sound |
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Diastolic blood pressure: define, find
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Define: pressure remaining in the arteries during relaxation of the heart
Find: last distinct pulse sound |
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Two ways to find blood pressure
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Auscultation, palpation (will only give systolic)
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BP should be measured in all patients over ___
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3
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Unlike ______ and _______, the _____ you are, the ______ your blood pressure
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Unlike respiration and pulse, the younger you are, the lower you blood pressure
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4 possible causes of high blood pressure
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chronic hypertension, head injury, drug withdrawal, severe pain
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5 possible causes of low blood pressure
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chronic hypotension, internal bleeding, drug abuse, shock, chest injury
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It's a joke
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Es una broma
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