Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the system that controls conscious visual perception?
|
Geniculo-striate system
|
|
|
trace the pathway of the geniculo-striate system
|
Retina- Optic Nerve- Optic Chiasm- Optic Tract- LGN-Optic Radiations- Primary Visual Cortex- Extrastriate Cortex
|
|
|
what is the function of the Retino-Tectal System?
|
directs eye movements and visual attention
|
|
|
trace the pathway of the retino-tectal system
|
Retina- Superior Colliculus- Pulvinar- Extrastriate Cortex
|
|
|
how does information get from the LGN to the occipital lobe (Primary Visual Cortex)?
|
optic radiations
|
|
|
what are optic radiations?
|
white matter tacts that extend from the LGN to the Primary Visual Cortex in the occipital lobe
|
|
|
where is the Primary Visual Cortex located?
|
in the Calcarine Fissure
|
|
|
what is the image like that is projected on the retina?
|
upside down and backwards
|
|
|
damage to what lobe can cause visual field defects?
|
temporal
|
|
|
what is the circular system of the retinogeniculate pathway called?
|
Myers' Loop
|
|
|
trace the pathway of the pupil constriction pathway
|
Retina- Optic Nerve, Chiasm, Tract- Pregeniculate Body- Pretectal Area- Posterior Commisure- Edignger Westphal Nucleus (Midbrain)- CNIII to Ciliary Ganglion- Constrictor Muscle of the Pupil
|
|
|
trace the pathway of the pupil dilation pathway
|
Retina-Optic Nerve, Chiasm, Tract- Pregeniculate Body-Reticular Formation of the Midbrain- Thoracic Spinal Cord-Superior Cervical Ganglion- Pupilary Dilator Muscle
|
|
|
what can emotional responses cause?
|
pupil dilation (sympathetic reflex from the sympathetic chain)
|
|
|
Consensual Light Reflex....how is it possible to have constriction of both pupils when you shine a light into only one eye?
|
the posterior commissure connects the two sides of this system together
|
|
|
what does the pupil do in response to darkeness?
|
dialates to get light
|
|
|
which muscle controls accomodation?
|
ciliary body
|
|
|
what does thickening of the lens do?
|
shortens the focal length
|
|
|
what needs to happen in the lens for near vision?
|
thickening of the lens
|
|
|
trace the accomodation pathway
|
Retina- LGN- Primary Visual Cortex- Extrastriate Cortex- Pretectum-Edinger Westphal nucleus-CN 3- ciliary ganglion- ciliary body
|
|
|
what 3 things happen during accomodation?
|
1) convergence of the two eyes
2) ciliary muscles contract for lens thickening 3) pupillary constriction |
|
|
3 ways the accomodation reflex is different from the pupillary reflex
|
1) it is voluntarily controlled
2) It is regulated by a negative feedback mehanism that automaticaly adjusts the focal power of the lens 3) The pathway is the only reflex pathway that includes the cerebral cortex |
|
|
why does the accomodation pathway need to utilize the cerebral cortex?
|
for detailed analysis of the image to determine if it is blurry
|
|
|
what is retinotopy?
|
receptors that are near each other in the retina will have projections into the nervous system that stay together
|
|
|
what is the receptive field?
|
the area of the visual field to which the cell responds
|
|
|
what is the binocular visual field?
|
when the visual fields overlap.....stuff in the middle that both eyes see
|
|
|
where does the left visual field fall?
|
on the right side of the retina in BOTH eyes
|
|
|
what is the left 1/2 of the visual field comprised of?
|
the right 1/2 of the retina in both eyes
|
|
|
where does the left 1/2 of the visual field end up?
|
on the right side of the brain below the Calcarine Fissure
|
|
|
what is eccentricity?
|
the distance from the center of gaze
|
|
|
what happens to the ganglion cells as you look further into the peripheral field?
|
there are fewer and fewer ganglion cells
|
|
|
what is hemianopia?
|
loss of vision in a hemifield (half of field)
|
|
|
what is quadrantanopia?
|
loss of vision in a quadrant
|
