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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is representation?
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-refers to the use of language and images to create meaning about the world around us
-(we use words to understand, describe, define -- images too) |
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What is semiotics?
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-a theory of signs concerned with the way things (words, images, and objects) are vehicles for meaning
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What are mimesis?
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-representation as a process of mirroring or imitation the real (Greek)
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What is referent ?
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-the original object itself that is being represented
-not the copy in the representation |
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What is (the myth of) photographic truth?
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-the idea the photographs are truthful because they are taken with a tool and are therefore objective
-a myth because the photographer chooses the shot, frames it, and introduces bias -also, truth is culturally specific |
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What is positivism?
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-scientific knowledge is the only authentic knowledge and concerns itself with truths
-people know the scientists could influence outcomes but felt that machines were more reliable |
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What is studium?
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-function of a photograph to speak to truth in a direct way (evidence)
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What is punctum?
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-Barthes- the effective element of those certain photographs that piece one's feeling
-emotional content |
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What is denotative meaning?
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-denotes apparent truths, documentary evidence
-literal, explicit meaning |
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What is connotative meaning?
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-informed by cultural and historical context of the image
-what the image means personally and socially |
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What is ideology?
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-systems of belief that exist within all cultures
-images are important -broad but indispensable shared sets of values and beliefs through which individuals live out their complex relations in a range of social networks |
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What is modernism?
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-a set of styles from the late 19th century and early 20th century that questions traditions of representation and conventions
-emphasis on the material of the form, conditions of production -break with past conventions of realism, form over content, structure and function become important |
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What is post-modernity?
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-describing the time between radical transformation later 20th century flows of people, ideas, global travel and information on the internet
-dissolution of nation states post Cold War and the expansion of trade and liberalization -increased divide between the rich and poor -it critiques modern concepts of universalism |
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What is code?
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-the implicit rules by which meanings get put into social practices and therefore can be read by their users
-involve the systematic organization of signs |
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What is interpretant?
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-the thought or mental effect produced by the relationship between the object and its representation
-similar to Saussere's signifier |
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What are iconic signs?
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-resemble the object in some way (drawing of a cat or person)
-cartoons, comics, paintings, etc. |
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What is indexical?
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-existential relationships
-the sign and the intereprant existed at one time together -coexisted -a physical causal relationship between the two -thermometer, weather vane, smoke, footprints, fingerprints |
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What does symbolic mean?
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-have no obvious relationship to their objects
-unnatural or arbitrary -learned (hearts, peace sign) |
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What is an icon?
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-different sense than before
-an image that refers to something outside of its individual components -something (or someone) that has great symbolic meaning for many people |
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What is a viewer?
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-an individual who looks
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What is an audience?
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-collection of lookers
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What is interpolation?
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-to interpret a procedure in order to question someone or something formally as in a legal setting
-the way images and media call out to us or catch our attention |
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What is bricolage?
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-a mode of adaptation in which things (commodities) are put to uses for which they were not invented and in ways that dislocate them from their normal or expected context
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What is intervisuality?
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-the reference of one image within another
-in pop culture, it refers to the incorporation of meanings of one image within another in an reflexive fashion -example: The Simpsons—referencing other images, shows, songs, movies |
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What is a producer?
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-can be designers, individual maker, collectives, etc. who make the images or produce them
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What is kitsch?
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-used to refer to objects that are trite, cheaply made etc.
-these are often mass produced or gaudy versions of expensive things, Velvet paintings, etc. -gained value because they became iconic representations of a historical moment (lava lamp) |
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What are aesthetics?
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-pleasure it brings due to beauty, style, or the creative or technical virtuosity it that went into its production
-what is naturally beautiful is culturally determined |
