Vision Exam 3

Front 1

McCloskey 12

What are the two important reference frame questions?

Back 1

Format-the form in which locations are represented

Definition- What reference frame is used to give location frames their identity

Front 2

McCloskey 13

Which visual area is able and is responsible for attention based representation?

Back 2

Later visual areas.

V4 can be considered to mediate the visual perceptions as well

Front 3

McCloskey 14

Why two references frames (COR)?

Back 3

The object centered representation is the only way to explain object principal axis reflection errors

Front 4

Rudel & Tuber

What similarities did the chidren and Octopuses share?

Back 4

1. Horizontal and vertical easy
2. Upright/ Upside down U ok while sideways is harder
3. Train kids in oblique orientation and they make errors in the other direction.
4. No transfer from oblique and diamond

Front 5

Rudel & Tuber

What differences did the children and Octopuses share?

Back 5

1. For Octopus U's were harder to discriminate than lines
2. Age of child made a difference about U
3. Easier for children to distinguish vertical/ oblique than horizontal/oblique. Not so for octopuses.
4. Harder for Octopuses to distinguish horizontal vs vertical than horizontal/vertical vs. oblique

Front 6

Turnbull

Explain the difference between viewpoint dependent and view point independent.

Back 6

Viewpoint dependent says that recognizing an object depends on the viewpoint. Viewpoint independent says that the object is described relative to other points in the principal axis. These are bith used for object recognition but viewpoint independent does not have orientation info. If someone was tested on recognizing an object if it is oriented in different direction than the cannonical orientation and it takes long to recognize it could be because of the viewpoint dependent system If the orientation has no effect on response time it is mediated by viewpoint independent system.

Front 7

Turnbull

How does Turnbull explain left right mirror image indiscrimination?

Back 7

1. There is an impairment in the viewpoint dependent representation so person is using viewpoint independent rep. that doesn't process orientation.

2. The frame of reference of one object compared to another object has is impaired in comparing the egocentric reference frame to the object representation.

Front 8

Gregory/McCloskey

What is the "Irrelevence of left-right mirror distinctions" hypothesis?

Back 8

Since mirror images are almost always irrelevant for determining the identity of an object, perceptual processes cannot encode or retain info about mirror images.

Front 9

Gregory/McCloskey

Describe the "Left-right non distinctiveness" hypothesis.

Back 9

The left-right non distinctiveness hypothesis is that the left and right side of bodies, brains, ect are not distinctively different, there are confusions between stimuli that differ by left-right reflection.

Front 10

Gregory/McCloskey

Describe the Reduction coding Hypothesis

Back 10

This hypothesis says that representations mediating performance on orientation tasks are incapable of representing the distinction b/w the orientation of the actual stimulus and left-right mirror image orientation

Front 11

Gregory/McCloskey

Describe Duplication coding

Back 11

This hypothesis says that when an object is encoded both a representation of the actual orientation and mirror image orientation are located one in each cerebral hemisphere

Front 12

Gregory/McCloskey

How does the reduction/duplication coding hypothesis fail?

Back 12

Both hypothesis predict that the external frame of reference is egocentric and the results would say that there would be alot of external-external switching. What did happen was that there were more object axis rotations rather than external ones. Also these accounts don't attempt to explain up/down errors.

Front 13

Farah

explain privileged role

Back 13

only certain systems play a role in mediating conscious awareness

Front 14

Farah

Integrated systems

Back 14

a brain state in which various modality specific stuff are mutually consistent

Front 15

Farah

explain quality role

Back 15

the connection between the quality of perceptual representations and making it into consciousness.

Front 16

Farah

Explain why covert face recognition is explained by quality role

Back 16

Covert face mechs have lower ceiling that work well with both intact and degraded information

Experiments done on covert face rec. like the
1. paired associate face-name relearning task where patients had a faster reaction time with names that matched the face vs names that didnt.
2. Patient categorizing name as either an actor or politician quickly
* 3. Primed patients with names or faces that were semantically related to stimulus tested and saw faster R.T. with the priming.

Front 17

Farah

Vision for action and dissociation

Back 17

A person with damage to vision for perception is unable to consciously see sizes, shapes and orientations of objects though there motor movements are normal.Their grip aperture is sized proportional to the size of the object. Privileged.

Front 18

Macknick

Define visual illusions
Give an example

Back 18

in visual system when subjective experience doesnt match the physical experience

after images

Front 19

Macknik

Define optical illusions
Give an example

Back 19

The manipulation of physical properties of light

smoke and mirrors
the apperance of a broken pencil when in the water

Front 20

Macknik

Define cognitive illusions
Give an example

Back 20

Higher level cognitive functions

inattentional blindness
object permeance

Front 21

What can a blindsight patient do?

Back 21

1. Look towards stimuli presented to blind spot
2. localize stimuli by pointing
3. Detect and discriminate movement
4. grip aperture correct
5. R.T is affected by word priming in blind visual field

Front 22

What causes blindsight?

Back 22

1. Damage to V1 causing residual functioning
2. Uses superior colliculus pathway that leads to parietal lobe bypassin V1.