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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clorgyline
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MAOI - A
Tx - PD |
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Brofaromine
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MAOI - A
Reversible Tx - Depression and Anxiety |
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Befloxatone
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MAOI - A (with some MAOI - B)
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Selegiline
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MAOI - B
Tx - PD, Depression, Senile Dementia |
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Fenfluramine
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Increase NE Release and prevent uptake
Tx - pulmonary HTN, Cardiac Valve Disease WITHDRAWN FROM US MARKET |
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Amphetamine
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Increases NE release and prevents reuptake
Tx - Narcolepsy, ADHD, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome |
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Reserpine
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Increases Metabolism of NE
Destroy's VMAT Tx - anti-HTN, antipsych |
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Chlorpromazine
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Blocks alpha receptors, increases glutamate activity
D2 antagonist Tx - antipsych - schizophrenia SE - orthostatic hypotension |
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Imipramine
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Tricyclic antidepressant
M2 antagonist - increased HR |
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Pyrogallol
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COMT Inhibitor
Tx - PD Used with Levodopa |
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Quercetin
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COMT Inhibitor
Tx - PD Used with Levodopa |
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MAO - A
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Specifically targets NE, Serotonin, and Dopamine
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MAO - B
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Mainly targets Dopamine
Inhibitors are targeted at this with depression because more selective for only Dopamine |
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What are the effects of Beta 2 stimulation in the body?
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Vasodialation of the coronary arteries, bronchodilation, glycogenolysis, prevents mast cell secretion of Histamine
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How can Epinephrine be given, how long does it take to act (onset), and what is its duration of action?
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IV, IM, SubQ
5-15 minutes for onset 1-4 hours for duration |
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What do we use Epinephrine to treat?
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Cardiac arrest, ACLS (advanced cardiac life support), ventricular asystole, ventricular fibrillation, acute bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, decrease mucous production and decrease edema, OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA, suture healing,
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Dipivefrin - give its Mechanism of Action
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Prodrug of Epinephrine, so alpha and beta agonist
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Pseudoephedrine (MOA)
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Alpha and to a lesser degree, beta agonist...also a INDIRECT EFFECT - by releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites
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Pseudoephedrine - onset and duration of action
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Onset - 30minutes
Duration of Action - 4-6 hours |
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Phenylephrine MOA
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Alpha1 selective, and weak beta agonst
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Phenylephrine - Uses
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Treatment of Open angle glaucoma, sinus congestion, post-surgical hypotension
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Phenylephrine - contraindications
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narrow angle glaucoma, HTN, Tachycardia, MAOI's
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Midodrine - MOA
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It's active metabolite (desglymidodrine) is an potent alpha 1 agonist in the periphery
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Midodrine - Uses
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Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension after non-drug therapy failure
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Naphazoline - Mechanism of action
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stimulates alpha one recepotrs on the blood vessels of the eye...also has been used in intranasal OTC's to treat nasal congestion
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Methyldopa - mechanism of action
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After crossing the blood brain barrier, methyldopa is decarboxylated to produce alpha-methylnorepinephrine which is a alpha2 adrenergic receptor stimulator which lowers blood pressure centrally
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Methyldopa - duration of action
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4-6 hours
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Methylopa - interactions
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LITHIUM (because increases lithium levels), beta blockers, MAOI's, Phenothiazine and sympathomimetics...
Tolbutamide, haloperidol, anesthetics, and levodopa |
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Clonidine - indications
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Prophylaxis for migraines, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, treatment of ADHD, pain (epidural)
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Clonidine - mechanism of action
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Alpha 2 agonist, also stimulates vagal nerve
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Clonidine interaction
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Antipsychotics and nitroprusside cause additive hypotension
Beta blocker addition may cause increased beta blockade Cyclosporin levels may be increased Decrease action of Levodopa Decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia |
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Dexmedetomidine - MOA
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Selective alpha 2 agonist with alpha 1 agonist activities at high dose
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Dexmedetomidine - uses
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Only in intesive care
decreases anxiety because decreases NE |
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Brimonidine - MOA
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Alpha 2 agonist - decreases aqueous humor production and increases outflow via the uveoscleral route
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Brimonidine - problems and interactions
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Not used in patients less than 2 years old
interact with - antihypertensives, cardiac glycosides, MAOIs, pilocarpine |
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Cardiac glycosides - MOA
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increases CA influx which leads to increased force of contraction in heart...
brimonidine can interact with it |
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Atraclonidine - MOA
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Alpha 2 agonist
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Atraclonidine - uses
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.5% opthalmic solution used to decrease IOP - after laser surgery of eye (post-surgical)
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Tizanidine - MOA
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Alpha 2 agonist - centrally action muscle relaxant
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Tizanidine - Interactions
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Fluvoxamine (SSRI) by inhibiting CYP 450 which increases tizanidine's levels
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Tizanidine contraindications
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Hepatic impairment and pregnacy risk factor C
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Tizanidine - uses
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Treatment of muscle spasm - not directly but centrally - inhibit spinal motor neurons but no effect on monosynaptic spinal reflexes
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Phentolamine
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Nonselective competitive alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist
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