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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is somatic motor and visceral motor different in terms of
governed by: |
viscceral-cortical and subcortical areas (hypothalamus)
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lower motor neurons in somatic vs visceral
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lower motor neurons:
somatic-cns visceral - pns |
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synapses in somatic vs visceral
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synapses- somatic-nmj, visc-varicosities |
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synaptic function in somatic vs visceral?
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synaptic function-muscle contraction (somatic)
visceral - specific to tissue |
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How does the sympathetic innervate target tissues
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noradrenergic
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NS for parasympathetic
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cholinergic
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atropine?
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inhibits PS innervation
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What is the effect of the sympathetic on ureter and bladder?
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relaxation of muscle wall and contraction of spinchter
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what does sympathetic do to lacrimal gland?
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tearing
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sympathetic do to bronchi?
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vasodilation and bronchial dilation
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What does sympathethic do to insulin secretion
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decrease it
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Is there parasympathetic innervation to sweat and blood vessels in skin of head/neck and upper extremity? lower extremity?
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no
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What is the effect of PS on bronchi?
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constrict and cause secretions
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What is effect of PS and SYmp on eye? which constricts which dilates?
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symp - dilates
parasymp - constricts and accomodates |
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IS there PS innervation to the adrenal gland?
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no
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What differentiates the enteric NS from other NS?
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1) lots of NTs
2) can operate independently 3) myenteric and submucosa layers |
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Whats myenteric plexus function?
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musclature
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What is submucosal function?
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chemical composition and grandular secretion
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What is the difference between visceral sensation vs pain?
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What-sensation - pressure, distention, etc, unconscious via reflexes
pain - burning, diffuse aching How - use similar receptors but different pathways |
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What are the two categories for visceral sensation?
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1) DRG
2) solitary nucleus |
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What is the DRG category for visceral sensation?
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1) DRG
2) autonomic nerves 3) dorsal horn 4) solitary nucleus |
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What is IX and X for visceral sensation?
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1) IX or X nerve
2) solitary nucleus |
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What are the visceral reflexes for CN IX
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1) carotid body
2) carotid sinus 3) gag reflex |
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What is the visceral reflex for CN X?
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1) cough reflex
2) vomiting reflex |
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How are reflexes modulated?
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solitary nucleus relays information to higher order places which then act back
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Whats the pathway?
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sensory info
solitary nucleus output |
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How does referred pain work?
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visceral inputs cross with and synapse on to the somatic pain/temp pathway so you think you are having somatic pain
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What is the dorsal column pathway for visceral pain?
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1)DRG
2) dorsal columns 3) cross over midline at medial lemniscus 4) go up contralateral midbrain 5) insular cortex |
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What is the pathway for rise in BP?
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1)receptor in carotid body and sinus
2) CN 9 or CN X 3) solitary nucleus 4) increase: symp stimulate noradrenergics in SA node 5) decrease: parasymp: increase cholinergic in SA which |
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What is regulation pathway for bladder function?
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1) bladder muscle - parasymp
2) internal spinchter - symp 3) external - somatic mild to moderate distention of mechanoreceptors stimulates symp and inhibits parasymp -when bladder is full parasymp is activated and symp is inhibited -eventually you can tell yourself to pee |
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How do you end up micturating whats that pathway?
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1)prefrontal cortex says its ok and activates brainstem nuceli
2) brainstem is where micturation nuclei is 3)activate PS 4)inhibit symp 5)activate somatic neuron to release |
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Lesion in lumbar region?
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parasympathethics cant help you contract bladder which causes infection
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Lesion in brainstem?
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lose prefrontal cortex to urinary systems and you have no control of what happens
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What is the symptom of horner syndrome?
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-pitosis
miosis anhidrosis |
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Why do you get horner syndrome?
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damage to sympathetics to the eye including upper eyelid, blood vessels in skin
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Symptoms of adie pupil (3)
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no acommodation
no constriction in one eye no visual field defects |
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What is parasympathethic innervation of eye?
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constricts the pupil so if its damaged you cant constrict ciliary muscles for accomodation or constrict the pupil
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What are the symptoms of Reynaud's syndrome?
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1) fingers and toes feel cold
2) portions of hand are white 3) bilateral cynosis of digits |
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What is the cause of Raynaud's disease?
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malfunction of sympathetic vasculature within skin
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What happens if you have a spinal cord lesion?
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above C5- hyperactivity of reflexes
below L3-loss of PS and cant fully empty bladder |
