Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ALL VIRUSES ARE COMPOSED OF?
HINT TWO |
NUCLEIC ACID
PROTEIN COVERING |
|
|
SUM OF ALL GENETIC MATERIAL IN A CELL OR VIRUS?
|
GENOME
|
|
|
REPEATING PROTEIN SUBUNITS ARE?
|
CAPSOMERES
|
|
|
TWO KINDS OF VIRAL STATES?
|
EXTRACELLULAR
INTRACELLULAR |
|
|
LARGEST VIRUS IS?
|
SMALL POX VIRUS
|
|
|
SMALLEST VIRUS IS?
|
PARVOVIRUS
|
|
|
AVERAGE DIAMETER OF VIRUSES
|
10-450 NM
|
|
|
LATENT POISON A-CELLULAR INFECTIONS
|
VIRUSES
|
|
|
WHY ARE VIRUSES OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PARASITES?
HINT lACK |
LACK PROTEIN LACK ATP LACK ENZYMES
|
|
|
ARE VIRUSES DEAD OR ALIVE?
|
STRETCH TO SAY THERE LIVING
LACK MOST OF CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE BEST THOUGHT OF AS INACTIVE OR ACTIVE |
|
|
HIGHEST TAXON ESTABLISHED BY THE ICTV FOR MOST VIRUSES?
|
FAMILY
|
|
|
ICTV STANDS FOR?
|
INTERNAL COMMITTEE ON TAXONOMY OF VIRUSES
|
|
|
FIRST STEP TO CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES?
|
r(RNA) OR DNA SEQUENCES
ALSO LOOK FOR 16s r(RNA) |
|
|
order ends in?
|
virales
|
|
|
family ends in?
|
viridae
|
|
|
GENUS ENDS IN?
|
VIRUS
|
|
|
SPECIES ENDS IN?
|
COMMON NAME ENGLISH
SMALL POX VIURS = EXAMPLE |
|
|
NAKED VIRUSES HAVE 4 CHARACTERISTICS?
|
SPREAD EASILY
CAN DRY OUT & RETAIN INFECTIVITY CAN SURVIVE ADVERSE CONDITIONS IN THE GUT CAN BE RESISTENT TO DETERGENT AND SEWAGE TX PLANTS |
|
|
VIRAL SHAPES: WHAT ARE THE 3 BASIC SHAPES?
|
HELICAL
POLYHEDRAL OR COSAHEDRAL A-TYPICAL PROTEIN COVERING(POX-VIRUS) COMBINATION:POLYHEDRAL HEAD &HELICAL TAIL |
|
|
TUBED SHAPE CAPSOMERES?
|
HELICALS
|
|
|
ROUGHLY SPHERICAL MANY SIDES
|
POLYHEDRAL
ICOSAHEDRAL (>20 SIDES) |
|
|
COMPLEXED OR?
|
COMBINATION A-TYPICAL PROTEIN COVERING
BACTERIOPHAGE |
|
|
ADDITIONAL COVERING EXTERNAL TO THE CAPSID?
|
ENVELOPE
|
|
|
CELL MEMBRANE HAS?
HINT HOST CELLS |
PHOSPHOLIPID PROTEIN
|
|
|
HOST CELL MEMBRANE PROTEINS ARE REPLACED WITH?
|
VIRAL PROTEINS
|
|
|
VIRUSES CAN INFECT A WIDE?
|
SPECTRUM
|
|
|
RESTRICTED HOST RANGE
|
HEP B HUMANS
|
|
|
INTERMEDIATE HOST RANGE
|
POLIO VIRUS PRIMATES
|
|
|
BROAD HOST RANGE
|
RABIES MAMMALS
|
|
|
VIRUSES WHO ENTER WITH CAPSID MUST BE REMOVED IS CALLED?
|
UNCOATING
|
|
|
UNCOATING DONE BY?
|
ENZYMES
|
|
|
SURFACE PROJECTIONS AKA?
|
SPIKES
|
|
|
FUNCTIONS OF SPIKES?
|
ATTACH TO HOST CELL
FUSION OF VIRUS AND CELLULAR MEMBRANE DURING PENETRATION |
|
|
HIV IS SPECIFIC AND NEEDS ? TO ATTACH
|
CD4
|
|
|
ADVANTAGES OF ENVELOPE VIRUSES?
|
SIMILAR TO HOST CELL
HELPF EVADE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM CLOAKING |
|
|
DISADVANTAGES OF ENVELOPE VIRUSES?
|
EASILY DAMAGED BY HIGH HEAT, PH EXTREMES, DISINFECTANTS
|
|
|
WHY ARE THEY EASILY DAMAGED?
|
PHOSOPHOLIPIDS ARE EASY TO DAMAGE (WALLS)
|
|
|
VIRAL ENVELOPES ARE ACQUIRED HOW?
|
FROM HOST CELL DURING VIRAL REPLICATION OR RELEASE
|
|
|
SOURCES OF MEMBRANE FOR THE ENVELOPE?
|
HOST HAS CELLLAR MEMBRANE
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, |
|
|
TWO FUNCTIONS OF VIRAL ENVELOPE PROTEINS?
|
BIND ENVELOPE TO CAPSID
ATTACH VIRUS TO HOST CELL |
|
|
VIRUSES SPECIFIC TO CELLSOR TISSUES IS CALLED?
|
SPECIFICITY
|
|
|
SPECIFICITY IS DETERMINED HOW?
|
IF A VIRUS CAN ATTACH TO CELL
THE CELL HAS ENZYMES ETC THE VIRUS NEEDS! |
|
|
VIRAL EFFECTS ARE CALLED WHEN SWELLING INCLUSION BODIES?
|
CYTOPATHIC EFFECTS
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
POXVIRIDAE |
SMALL POX, MONKEY POX
|
|
|
INDUCED BIRTH DEFECTS
EFFECTS CALLED? |
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS
|
|
|
HOST CELL---->CANCER CELLS
EFFECTS CALLED? |
ONCOGENIC EFFECTS
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
HEPADNAVIRIDAE |
HEPATITIS B
|
|
|
VIRAL CULTIVATIONS ARE DONE IN TWO WAYS CALLED?
|
IN VIVO OR VITRO
|
|
|
IF USING A WHOLE ORGANISMS OR EMBRYONIC EGG IS?
|
IN VIVO
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE |
WARTS,CERVICAL/PENILE CANCER
|
|
|
VIRAL CULTIVATIONS THAT ARE DONE BY CELL CULTURE OR DIPPLOID / CONTINUOUS?
|
IN VITRO
|
|
|
EXTREMELY SMALL WITH NO PROTEIN AROUND IT?
|
VIROIDS
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
POLYOMAVIRIDAE |
LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY
|
|
|
PROTEIN ACQUEOUS INFECTION AGENT?
|
PRIONS
|
|
|
PLANT PATHOGENE?
|
VIROIDS
|
|
|
ONCE THOUGHT TO BE SLOW?
|
PRIONS
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
ADENOVIRIDAE |
RESPIRATORY, INFECTIONS SEVERE COLDS
|
|
|
CAUSES FATAL DEGENERATIVE DISEASES?
|
PRIONS via CNS, BSE COWS CJD- humans-kuru, BSE SCRAPIE SHEEP
|
|
|
DO PRIONS HAVE A NUCLEIC ACID?
|
NO PROTEIN ONLY
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
PARVOVIRIDAE |
FIFTH DISEASE;ERYTHMIA INFECTIONISM (B19)
|
|
|
CJD INCUBATION UP TO
|
30 YEARS
|
|
|
HOW ARE PRIONS DESTROYED?
|
INCINERATION
|
|
|
DNA VIRUS FAMILY-DISEASE
HERPESVIRIDAE |
HSV-1 HSV-2 VZV EBV CMV
|
|
|
HOW IS CJD ACQUIRED?
|
TRANSPLANTS INFECTED TISSUE
BRAIN ELECTRODES SURGIONS |
|
|
5 STEPS IN REPLICATION
WHAT ARE THEY? |
ATTACHMENT
ENTRY/PENETRATION SYNTHESIS ASSEMBLY RELEASE |
|
|
DISEASES CAUSED BY HERPES VIRUSES
|
HSV HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
HSV-1 FEVERBLISTERS/ABOVE WAISTE HSV-2 BELOW WAISTE GENITAL VZV VERICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS CHICKEN POX/SHINGLES EBV EPSTEIN BAR VIRUS MONO CMV CYTOMEGALO VIRUS-BIRTH DEFECTS OWLS EYE |
|
|
#1 ATTACHMENT AKA
WHAT OCCURES? |
ABSORPTION
VIRION ATTACHES TO HOST CELL TYPICALLY WITH GLYCOPROTEINS SPIKES AND ATTACHMENT MOLECULES ON SURFACE |
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE |
INFLUENZA A
|
|
|
#2 ENTRY/PENETRATION
MECHANISM/DIRECT PENETRATION MECHANISM FOR? WHAT OCCURS? EXAMPLE OF? |
ENTRY OF VIRION OR GENOME
NAKED VIRUS GENOME ENTERS THE HOST CELL CAPSID STAYS ON SURFACE POLIO VIRUS |
|
|
#2 ENTRY/PENETRATION / MEMBRANE FUSSION
MECHANISM FOR? WHAT OCCURS? EXAMPLE |
ENVELOPE VIRUS
CAPSID ENTER HOST CELL AND ENVELOPE FUSES WITH MEMBRANE SO CONTENTS SPILL MEASLES AND MUMPS VIRUS |
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
PICORNAVIRIDAE |
HEPATITIS A,POLIO, COMMON COLD
|
|
|
2# ENTRY/PENETRATION/PHAGOCYTOSIS
MECHANISM MECHANISM FOR? WHAT OCCURS? EXAMPLE |
PHAGOCYTOSIS
ENVELOPE ATTACHMENT OF VIRUS TO HOST CELL SURFACE STIMULATES THE CELL TO PHAGOCYTE THE VIRUS HERPES VIRUS |
|
|
#3 SYNTHESIS
AKA? WHAT OCCURS? RNA VIRUSES OCCURS? DAN VIRUSES OCCURS? |
DUPLICATION
NEW NUCLEIC ACID AND VIRAL PROTEINS ARE SYNTHESIZED BY THE HOSTS ENZYMES AND RIBOSOMES RNA=CYTOPLASM DNA= NUCLEUS |
|
|
#4 ASSEMBLLY
WHAT OCCURS? RNA VIRUSES OCCURS DNA VIRUSES OCCURS |
ONCE VIRAL COMPONENTS ARE SYNTHESIZED, ASSEMBLED INTO VIRIONS.
RNA=CYTOPLASM DAN=NUCLEUS |
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
FILOVIRIDAE |
EBOLA, MARBURG
|
|
|
#5 RELEASE
NAKED ARE RELEASED BY? ENVELOPE VIRUSES ARE OFTEN RELEASED BY? |
EXOCYTOSIS
CELL LYSIS NO ENVELOPE REQUIRED FOR NAKED BUDDING |
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
CORONAVIRIDAE |
SARS, COMMON COLD
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
ASTROVIRIDAE |
GASTRO ENTERITIS
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
BUNYAVIRIDAE |
HANTAVIRUS
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
ARENAVIRIDAE |
LASSAVIRUS HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
TOGAVIRIDAE |
RUBELLA GERMAN MEASLES
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
HEPEVIRIDAE |
HEPATITIS E
|
|
|
DNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
CALCIVIRIDAE |
GASTRO ENTERITIS
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
FLAVIVIRIDAE |
HEPATITIS C
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
RETROVIRIDAE |
AIDS, ADULT LEUKEMIA
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE |
MEASLES MUMPS RSV
|
|
|
RNA VIRUSES TO DISEASE
REOVIRIDAE |
SEVERE DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
|
