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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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virus
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a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell
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host
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a living thing that provides a source of energy for a vius or an organism
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parasite
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organisms that live on or in a host and cause it harm
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bacteriophage
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a virus that infects bacteria
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vaccine
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a substance introduced into the body to stimlatethe production of chemicals that destroy certain disease - causing viruses and organisms
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how are viruses like organisms?
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viruses are like organisms because they can multiply
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what is the structure of a virus?
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a protein coat that protects the virus and an inner core made of genetic material
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how can you treat a viral disease?
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resting, drinking plenty of fluids, and eating well - balanced meals
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what is step #1 of active virus reproducion?
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a virus attaches to the surfance of a bacterium
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what is step #2 of active virus reproducion?
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the virus injects its genetic material into the bacterium
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what is step #3 of active virus reproducion?
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the virus's genetic material takes over the cell functions of the bacterium..... the cell starts to produce the virus's proteins and genetic material
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what is step #4 of active virus reproducion?
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the proteins and genetic material assemble into new viruses that fill the bacterium
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what is step #5 of active virus reproducion?
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the bacterium bursts open, releasing new viruses..... the viruses go on to infect more cells
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what is step #1 for hidden virus reproduction?
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a virus attaches to the surface of a bacterium
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what is step #2 for hidden virus reproduction?
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the virus injects its genetic material into the bacterium
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what is step #3 for hidden virus reproduction?
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the virus's genetic material becomes part of the genetic material of the bacterium
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what is step #4 for hidden virus reproduction?
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after some time, the virus's genetic material removes itself and becomes active
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what is step #5 for hidden virus reproduction?
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the cell begins to produce the virus's proteins and genetic material, which assemble into new viruses
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what is step #6 for hidden virus reproduction?
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the new viruses crow the bacterium..... finally, the cell bursts open and releases the new viruses
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bacteria
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single - celled organisms that lack a nucleus..... prokaryotes
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flagellum
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a lng, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move
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binary fission
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a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells
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asexual reproduction
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a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
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sexual reproduction
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a reproductive processthat invvolves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents
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conjugation
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the process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism
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endospore
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a small, rounded, thick - walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell
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pasteurization
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a process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food
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decomposer
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an organism that breaks down chemicals from wastes and dead organisms, and returns important materials to the soil and water
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how do the cells of bacteria differ from those of eukaryotes?
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bacteria = prokaryotes
don't have a nucleus to store genetic material |
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what do bacteria need to survive?
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a source of food and a way of breaking down the food to release its energy
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under what conditions do bacteria thrive and reproduce?
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when they have enough food, the righ ttemperature, and other suitable conditions
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what positive roles do bacteria play in people's lives?
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they are involded in oxygen, food production, environmental recycling and cleanup, and health maintenance and medicine production
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