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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"slow virus" definition
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no cytopathic effect in vitro, long doubling time (5 days), long incubation
not antigenic, no inflammation, no IR |
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Prion
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infectious particle lacks nucleic acid
normal cellular protein w/ altered structure model is Scrapie in sheep |
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Prion Characteristics
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very small, highly transmissible
highly heat, radiation, and protease resistant |
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differences b/t viruses and prions
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prions lack genetic material and illicit no IR
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Prion Pathogenesis and Symptoms
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loss of muscle control, shivering, tremors and dementia
consistent w/ destruction of neural tissue |
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Model of Prion disease
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PrPc is normal membrane protein
PrPsc strips PrPc off membrane, causes structural change to PrPsc, then replaces PrPc PrPsc is internalized in neurons, causing damage |
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Prion Epidemiology
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direct contact w/ infected tissue necessary
cannibalism, eating infected beef, contaminated surgical instruments |
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West Nile Virus
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Flaviviridae, arbovirus through mosquitoes
spreads through viremia, induces interferon response can range from mild to severe symptoms (meningitis, encephalitis) treatment: support for symptoms |
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SARS
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome |
2003 spread from Guandong province in China
mix of mammalian and avian viruses clinical: fever, headache, cough, dyspnea, sometimes rhinorrhea treatment: quarantine, no known cure |
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Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
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Bunyaviridae
zoonotic virus of rodents (not arthropods) virus remains in lungs, causing cytolytic damage leakage through endo leads to fever, muscle aches, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, death |
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Hantavirus Epidemiology
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small rodents, field mice
shed in urine |
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Hantavirus Lab and Treatment
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clinical diagnosis, IgM serology, viral Ag in blood
support respiratory therapy best control is control of rodents, use mask when handling |
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Filoviridiae
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hemorrahgic fever viruses
first described in 1967 Germany Ebola described in 1970 possibly from bats, highest mortality is Ebola Zaire |
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Filovirus structure
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enveloped, (-) ssRNA
long, filamentous shape |
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Filovirus Path, Symptoms, Lab and Treatment
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cytolytic to most tissues in body, causing necrosis and endo destruction
headache, flu-like, vomiting, diarrhea reverse transcriptase PCR, serology of IgM and IgG passive immunization may be successful, no others known |
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Influenza H1N1
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multiple recombinations of avian, swine, human influenza
attenuated and inactivated vaccine available |
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Influenza H5N1 "bird flu"
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very limited human-human transmission now
type A influenza |
