Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
eclipse period
|
absense of detetable virion
|
|
|
cytophathic effect CPE
|
infecton becomes visible
|
|
|
plaques
|
colonies of dead cells on agar plate -> PFU
|
|
|
inclusion bodies
|
histological stain, reveal suspected identity
|
|
|
neutralization
|
complex w/ specific Ab, loose infectivity
|
|
|
seroconvertion
|
seronegative -> seropositive
|
|
|
window period
|
infection present but not detectable
|
|
|
nucleocapsid
|
protein coat, capsomers in helical/icosahedral
|
|
|
passive immunity
|
pass on immunity, poor sanitation -> everyone seropositive -> pass to newborns
|
|
|
host range
|
species that can be infected
|
|
|
tissue tropism
|
tissues that can be infected
|
|
|
incubation period
|
time between infection and onset of symptoms
|
|
|
interferon system
|
suppress viral growth, transient
virus infected cell -> alpha, beta T cell -> gamma |
|
|
virus inhibitory proteins
1. 2-5-A synthase 2. specific protein kinase |
1. activate ribonuclease, destroy mRNA
2. phosphorylate/deactivate initiation factor |
|
|
picornavirus
|
unenveloped single plus-strand RNA, icosahedral
|
|
|
poliomyelitis
|
picornavirus, enteric transmission, passive immunity, aseptic meningitis, infectious RNA, -> RNA dependant RNA polymerase
|
|
|
herd immunity
|
enough immune people -> no propagation
|
|
|
coxsackie virus
|
picornavirus
aseptic meningitis group A: herpangia, hand-foot-and-mouth group B: neonatal myocarditis, epidemic pleurodynia |
|
|
ECHO virus
|
picornavirus
aseptic meningitis |
|
|
rhinovirus
|
picornavirus
common colds, not enteric not good at stomach pH, best at 33 degrees |
|
|
hepatitis A
|
picornavirus
enteric, passive immunity, incubation: 30d, infect hepatocytes, elected LFT (aspartate aminotransferase), pooled IgG or killed. IgG: previous IgG + IgM: current |
|
|
reovirus
|
unenveloped multiple double-strand RNA, icosahedral
viral RNA: mRNA template, contain RNA polymerase |
|
|
rotavirus
|
reovirus, enteric
viral gastroenteritis rx: rehydration |
|
|
calcivirus
-hepatitis E |
unenveloped plus-strand RNA, enteric
|
|
|
adenovirus
|
enveloped single double-strang DNA, assembled in nucleus
airborne -> common cold, kerato-conjunctivitis enteric -> gastroenteritis, diarrhea |
|
|
viral gastroenteritis
|
enteric, diarrhea/vomitting
rotavirus, adenovirus, norwalk virus |
|
|
enveloped viruses
|
nucleocapsid coat, lipoprotein membrane
unstable, ether destroy infectivity, neutralization: Ab to glycoprotein modified cellular membrane: budding, no damage |
|
|
orthromyxovirus
|
enveloped multiple minus-strand RNA virus
strands in separate nucleocapsids, virus-specific RNA polymerase, envelope: lipids, glycoproteins |
|
|
hemagglutinin (H-Ag)
|
H glycoprotein, adsorption of virion
|
|
|
neuraminidase (N-Ag)
|
N glycoprotein, enzyme: release new virion
|
|
|
hemagglutination
|
agglutinate red cells
|
|
|
influenza
|
orthromyxovirus
A, B, C: different nucleocapsids |
|
|
influenza B
|
less severe, annual reformulation of killed vaccine
|
|
|
influenza A
|
minor/major epidemics
|
|
|
antigenic drift
|
minor epidemics
mutation in RNA segment or H-Ag existing Ab -> partial immunity |
|
|
antigenic shift
|
major pandemics
major variant in H-Ag or both existing Ab -> no immunity |
|
|
random reassortment
|
-> antigenic shift
virus affect same cell -> different genomes together |
|
|
phenotypic mixing
|
virion assembled to diff virion components
|
|
|
influenza disease
|
subclinical infection, cough/sneeze transmission, infect upper respiratory
fever, chills, aches complication: pneumonia |
|
|
influenza immunology
|
infect mucosa -> IgA secretion
vaccine: polyvalent killed -> IgG response treatment: amantadine/rimantadine -> prevent adsorption, oseltamivir/zanamivir: inhibit N -> slows release |
|
|
paramyxovirus
|
enveloped single minus-strand RNA virus, contain polymerase
no recombination |
|
|
mumps/measles
|
paramyxovirus, viremia -> systemic infection
|
|
|
parainfluenza
respiratory syncytial virus |
paramyxovirus
non-systemic, sunblicnical, no antigenic shifts, hemagglutination |
|
|
parainfluenza
|
paramyxovirus
acute laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis, dyspnea, stridor rx: glucocorticoids |
|
|
respiratory syncytial virus
|
paramyxovirus
lower respiratory infection vaccine: monoclonal Ab |
|
|
coronavirus
|
enveloped single plus-strand RNA virus
common cold |
|
|
SARS
|
coronavirus
lower respirtory infection, dry cough, dyspnea, incubation: 2-10d |
|
|
flavivirus
hepatitis C |
enveloped plus-strang RNA virus
blood transmission, incubation: 60d, infect hepatocyptes chronic -> cirrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma rx: interferon-alpha |
|
|
prodromal symptoms
|
nonspecific symptoms before definitive ones
|
|
|
hepadnavirus
|
enveloped circular double-strand DNA virus, isohedral
reverse transcriptase |
|
|
hepatitis B
|
hepadnavirus
blood transmission, incubation: 70d, insidious onset chronic -> hepatitis, liver carcinoma serology: HBs -> HBc -> HBeAg (core Ag): infectious, progression to carcinoma vaccine: pooled human IgG, anti-HB Ig rx: IFN-alpha |
|
|
defective RNA virus
hepatitis D |
circular minus-strand RNA virus
need coexistant HBV infection -> use envelope -> progeny |
