Virology Exam 3

Front 1

1st Line Agents for TB

Back 1

INH (isoniazide), RMP (rifampin), PZA (pyrazinamide), EMB (Ethambutol)

Front 2

Rifampin

Back 2

bactericidal
MOA: Inhibits bacterial DNA dependant RNA polymerases (DDRP)
ADRs: discolor bodily fluids, cause liver toxicity, induce CYP450 => DDI

Front 3

Insoniazide

Back 3

activated by catalase-peroxidase enzyme (katG) to an acylating residue
MOA: covalently react with NADH (=> inhib reduction of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids => inhib synthesis of mycolic acid); inhibition in the transport of precursor fatty acids (of mycolic acid) to the cell envelope
ADRs: Basic –NH2, can cause problems in metabolism (Fast/slow metabolizers, e.g. acetyl transferases) and also tends to react with pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, the activated form of Vit B6) => deplete PLP => ↓GABA synthesis => ↑ CNS side-effects (e.g. seizures) usually used with Vit B6 supplements; GI upset, jaundice, hepatotoxicity

Front 4

Pyrazinamide

Back 4

POA provides an acidic environment => ↓ in membrane potential of the mycobacteria => ↓ in the energetics of the cell and membrane transport => cell death
ADRs: hyperuricemia, hepatotoxicity

Front 5

Ethambutol

Back 5

MOA: inhibitor of arabinosyl transferase and arabinosyl polymerization
ADRs: optic neuritis => ↓ visual acuity - inability to distinguish red-green