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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Parvoviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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smallest DNA virus
naked, icosahedral ssDNA rely heavily on cell machinery can only infect dividing cells (unless helper virus present) B19 and Adeno-associated virus |
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B19
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Family: Parvoviridae
Morphology: icosahedral, ssDNA Vector: oral, respiratory secretions Disease: rash (indirect), cytolytic erythroid (direct), fever, soar throat Lab: serology IgM and IgG, PCR Target: Erythroid precursor cells Treatment: none, animal vaccine |
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Adenoviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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naked, Icosahedral, dsDNA
fibers, spikes protruding from pentons can be acute, persistent, and latent |
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Adenovirus
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Family: Adenoviridae
Morphology: dsDNA, icosahedral Vector: fecal-oral, aerosal, contact Disease: #3 common cold, conjunctivitis, Gastroenteritis, Acute respiratory disease Lab: PCR, virus isolation Target: Mucosoepithilial cells, eye Treatment: vaccinate military type 4,7 |
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Papillomaviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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naked, icosahedral
circular dsDNA warts, papillomas encode proteins that promote cell growth |
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Warts
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papilloma=wart
benign, self-limiting HVP 1-4 most common |
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Papillomas
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growths on mucous membranes
genital, oral, conjunctival type 16 and 18 linked to genital warts, cervical cancer |
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Human Papillomavirus
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Family: Papillomaviridae
Morphology: circular dsDNA, icosahedral Vector: direct contact Disease: warts, cervical carcinoma Lab: PAP smear, PCR Target: epithelial cells Treatment: frozen/burned, surgury, Gardisal |
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Polyomaviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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JC and BK cause human viruses
not pathogenic in immunocompetent people enter respiratory tract, infect lymphocytes and kidneys |
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BK virus
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Family: Polyomaviridae
Morphology: naked dsDNA, icosahedral Vector: ubiquitus, everyone has gotten them Disease: kidney and urinary tract infections Lab: Target: epithelium Treatment: none |
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JC virus
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Family: Polyomaviridae
Morphology: naked dsDNA, icosahedral Vector: ubiquitus, everyone has gotten them Disease: Progressive Focal Leukoencephalopathy Lab: PCR, ELISA Target: epithelium Treatment: none, avoid immunosupression |
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Herpesviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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enveloped, icosahedral
linear dsDNA Subfamilies: Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, Gammaherpesvirinae |
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Alphaherpesvirinae Properties
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fast growing, latent in neuronal tissue
HSV-1+2, VZV |
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Betaherpesvirinae Properties
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slow growing, restricted host range
establish latency in immune system cells CMV, HHV-6, 7 |
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Gammaherpesvirinae Properties
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slow growing, very restricted
oncogenic potential EBV: infects B cells and epi HHV-8: infect lymphocytes, remains latent |
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Herpesviridae Characteristics and Pathology
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enveloped, icosahedral
linear dsDNA Subfamilies: Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, Gammaherpesvirinae |
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Alphaherpesvirinae Properties
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fast growing, latent in neuronal tissue
HSV-1+2, VZV |
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Betaherpesvirinae Properties
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slow growing, restricted host range
establish latency in immune system cells CMV, HHV-6, 7 |
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Gammaherpesvirinae Properties
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slow growing, very restricted
oncogenic potential EBV: infects B cells and epi HHV-8: infect lymphocytes, remains latent |
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Herpes Simplex Virus 1+2
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Family: Herpesviridae
Morphology: envelope, icosahedral, dsDNA Vector: close contact of lesions Disease: oral-trigim ganglia, genital-sacral ganglia, lesions Lab: lesion ID, ELVIS, PCR, virus iso Target: epi and neuronal ganglia Treatment: Acyclovir, no vaccine |
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Herpes Labialis Oral Characteristics
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HSV 1
cold sores, fever blisters recurrent infection on lips, nasal |
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Herpes Labialis Genital Characteristics
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HSV 2 90%, HSV 1 10%
burning, tingling lesions on genitalia latency |
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Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
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Family: Herpesviridae
Morphology: envelope, icosahedral, dsDNA Vector: aerosol, contact of lesions Disease: Primary-chickenpox, Secondary-shingles Lab: clinical symptoms Target: DRG, afferent neurons Treatment: Acyclovir, passive immunity, vaccine |
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Cytomagalovirus (CMV)
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Family: Herpesviridae
Morphology: envelope, icosahedral, dsDNA Vector: close contact of lesions Disease: heterophile negative mononucleosis Lab: virus sample, serology IgM Target: lymphocytes, kidneys, heart (most common in organ transplant) Treatment: Gancyclovir, Foscarnet |
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Chicken Pox (Varicella)
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dermal vesiculopusular rash from 2nd viremia infection
recurrent waves of pox with concurrent fever and systematic symptoms |
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Shingles (Herpes Zoster)
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reactivation of latent virus in neurons
possibly due to reduction in immune system competence appears on entire dermatome |
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Congenital Infection of Cytomegalovirus
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.5-2.5% newborns, 90% symptom free
birth defects: intracerbral calcification, rash, hearing loss, mental retardation, cytoplasmic inclusion disease |
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Cytomegalovirus Mononucleosis
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"heterophile negative mononucleosis"
mild, no heterophile Ab present |
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Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7
(HHV-6 &7) |
Sub Family Betaherpesvirinae
infect lymphocytes, 90% of population infected |
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HHV-6
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causes Exanthema Subitum, called Roseola
High fever followed by rash rash is due to infected T-cells or hypersensitivity T-cell rxn in skin self-limiting, cleared by CMI |
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Epstein Bar Virus
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member of Gammaherpesvirinae
cause of infectious mono grows only in B cells, some epi VAP attaches to CD21 receptors can immortalize B cells |
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Epstein Bar Virus Path, Clinical
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causes indirect pathology by overstimulating IS
can transform cells to produce Lymphomas |
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EBV Infectious Mono
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Heterophile Ab is diagnostic marker
Symptoms: high fever, malaise, lymphoadenopathy, fatigue Complications: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Meningoencephalitis |
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EBV Burkitt's Lymphoma
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B-cell lymphoma of jaw and face
Lymphoproliferative disease in children w/ low T-cell's usually co-infection w/ Malaria |
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EBV Lab
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Heterophile Ab, Lymphocytosis (irregular monocytes and lymphocytes)
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Human Herpesvirus 8
"Kaposi's Sarcoma" |
B-cell lymphoma in AIDS patients
can cause Casteman's disease |
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Monkey B Virus
"Herpesvirus Simiae" |
zoonotic infection, replicates in hindbrain
>80% mortality treatment: wound cleansing, Acyclovir, monitor serology select agent of bioterrorism, but no human-human transmission |
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Poxviridae Properties
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enveloped, complex dsDNA
very large Human members: Variolla (smallpox), Mollescum Contagiosum Zoo Viruses: Vaccinia, Cowpox, Orf, Monkeypox |
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Variolla (smallpox)
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Family: Poxviridae
Morphology: enveloped, dsDNA Vector: aerosol, direct contact Disease: rash (indirect) Lab: pock marks, Guarnieri bodies Target: primary- URT, macrophage to lymph nodes, 2nd-spreads through lymph to rest of body Treatment: vaccine: live, vaccinia |
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what are some contraindications for the Vaccinia vaccine?
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cardiac, pulmonary disease
immunocompromised patients |
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Smallpox vs. Chickenpox
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fever in smallpox, not in chicken pox
smallpox concentrated on face/arms, chickenpox on trunk smallpox lesions all in same developmental stage, chicken pox at any stage at any time |
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Treatment for Vaccine associated disease
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first: Vaccinia Immune Globulin (VIG)
Second: Cidofovir |
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Molluscum Contagiosm
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Family: Poxviridae
Morphology: enveloped, dsDNA Vector: direct contact Disease: benign, wart-like lesions Lab: pock marks, Guarnieri bodies Target: IR to infected cells Treatment: self-limiting |
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Cowpox
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causes Vaccinia, milker's nodules
originally used as a vaccine to prevent smallpox |
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Monkeypox
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west african, natural host is african squirrel
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