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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the smallest group of DNA viruses?
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Circoviridae
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What 3 diseases do Circoviridae viruses cause?
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PCV2
PBFDV CAV |
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Is the icosahedron of circoviridae naked or enveloped? What kind of genome does it have?
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Naked iscosahedral nucleocapsid
Circular, single-stranded DNA genome |
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What are the ORFs of Circovirus?
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ORF1: replication-associated (Rep) protein
ORF2: capsid protein ORF3: Genes associated with immune evasion |
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- main highway for ascending and descending fiber tracts that connect the brain to the spinal nerves
- mediates reflexes |
Spinal Cord
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What are PCV1 and PCV2? Where are they geographically located?
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Porcine circovirus 1 (PCV 1)
All over the world in swine Non-clinical disease Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV 2) All over the world in swine Porcine multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) |
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What is PMWS?
What are the morbidity and mortality rates? |
It was first recognized in 1991
Worldwide Morbidity is about 100% Mortality ranges 5-50% It affects pigs at 4-12 week old (why?). Because the virus needs to replicate within growing/dividing cells. |
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How Is PCV transmitted?
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Horizontally
Oral and nasal Vertically- Transplacental infection often leads to abortion weak neonates mummified fetuses |
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What is the pathogenesis of PCV?
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Porcine circoviruses
Replication in macrophages/ monocytes and dendritic cells (why?) Persistent Apoptosis Immunosuppression Replication in kidney, liver, lung in young animals Pathology: -Lymphocyte depletion in secondary lymphoid tissues -Granulomatous inflammation in numerous organs -Interstitial pneumonia -Often seen basophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in macrophages |
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What are the clinical signs and gross lesions of PCV?
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Wasting, slowed growth,
Enlargement of inguinal lymph nodes Frequently dyspnea Noncollapsed and mottled lungs Occasionally jaundice |
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What causes immunosuppression in PCV?
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Virus attacks monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells.
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How do you diagnose PCV2?
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Demonstration of PCV2 within lymphoid tissue lesions by
IHC PCR in situ hybridization Virus isolation |
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How do you prevent PCV2? Can you vaccinate against them?
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Disinfection of premises
Acid It is resistant to detergents Removal of affected animals Vaccination: SuvaxynTM PCV2 One Dose Circovac (Merial) |
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What birds are effected by beak and feather disease virus?
Via what routes is it spread? |
Affects many species of psittacine birds
Cockatoos are very susceptible Spread via alimentary and respiratory routes |
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What is the pathology of BFDV?
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Beak and feather disease virus
Infect the immune cells and progenitor cells for feathers and beak Abnormal feather and beaks |
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What happens when erythrocytes and other cells are replaced by fat cells in the bone marrow?
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Anemia
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What are the common features of circovirus infection?
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Infect young animals
Persistent infection Prone to secondary infections |
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Which side is the healthy secondary lymphoid tissue?
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The one on the left is unhealthy because the germinal centers have been depleted.
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