Virology 05 Adenoviruses And Parvoviruses*

Front 1

What are some common features of Adenoviruses

Back 1

Non-enveloped virus with icosahedral capsid. Contains linear, double stranded DNA genome
Highly stable and replicate to high titers. Can produce respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary tract and eye diseases

Front 2

What are some common features of parvoviruses

Back 2

Non-enveloped virus, icosahedral capsid, contains linear, single-stranded DNA

Front 3

What virus causes 5% of all acute respiratory tract illnesses, including pharyngitis, atypical pneumonia, and pharyngoconjunctival fever

Back 3

Adenovirus

Front 4

What virus can cross the placenta to infect a fetus and cause hydrops fetalis

Back 4

Parvovirus B19

Front 5

In what cells does the adenovirus replicate

Back 5

Epithelial cells

Front 6

What does the adenovirus virion consist of

Back 6

The capsid (outer protein shell comprised of hexons and pentons) and the core (viral DNA-protein complex comprised of at least 4 proteins)

Front 7

What part of the adenovirus is cytotoxic

Back 7

The penton base and fiber

Front 8

What does E1A in the adenovirus do

Back 8

Modulates cell cycle by binding Rb

Front 9

What does E1B in adenovirus do

Back 9

Blocks cellular apoptosis by binding p53

Front 10

What are the six steps of adenovirus replication

Back 10

1: Attachment, Penetration and Uncoating
2: Early gene expression (E1A, E1B), shut down host mRNA transport, block CTL response, VA RNAs inhibit interferon response
3: DNA replication in the nucleus at 6-9 hrs post infection, uses a protein primer to initiate DNA synthesis
4: Late gene expression
5: Maturation
6: Cell lysis

Front 11

What are the in vitro cytopathic effects of adenovirus

Back 11

Rounding up of cells, and intranuclear inclusion bodies with crystalline arrays of viral capsid structures

Front 12

What are the in vivo cytopathic effects of adenovirus

Back 12

Disruption of host cell metabolism causes cell degeneration that can be seen histologically in biopsies or autopsy tissues. Large intranuclear inclusion bodies

Front 13

In what cells do lytic adenovirus infections occur

Back 13

Mucoepithelial cells

Front 14

In what cells do latent adenovirus infections occur

Back 14

Lymphoid and adenoid cells

Front 15

How susceptible are adenoviruses to the environment

Back 15

Virions resist drying, detergents, gastrointestinal tract secretions (acid, proteases, and bile), and mild chlorine treatment

Front 16

How are adenoviruses transmitted

Back 16

Respiratory and fecal-oral routes

Front 17

What respiratory diseases are caused by adenoviruses

Back 17

Pharyngitis (children <3yrs old)
Pharyngoconjunctival fever--acute febrile pharygitis accompanied by conjunctivitis. Most commonly Ad3,4,7,21
Acute respiratory disease (ARD)--commonly Ad4,7; colder months of the year, boot camp

Front 18

What are six common types of disease caused by adenoviruses

Back 18

Respiratory diseases
Conjunctivitis and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Gastroenteritis and diarrhea
Bladder infection
Urethritis/cervicitis
Systemic infection in immunocompromised patients

Front 19

Which adenoviruses cause conjunctivitis (swimming pool) and epidemic keratoconjunctivits (industrial workers, eye care facilities )

Back 19

Ad8 and 19

Front 20

What adenoviruses cause gastroenteritis and diarrhea, including 15% of gastroenteritis in hospitalized patients

Back 20

Serotypes 40,41,42 (enteric adenoviruses, rarely associated with respiratory diseases)

Front 21

What adenovirus causes bladder infection or hemorrhagic cystitis

Back 21

Ad11, often seen with children

Front 22

What adenovirus causes urethritis or cervicitis

Back 22

Ad 37

Front 23

What virus causes erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), aplastic crisis in people with chronic hemolytic anemia (those with sickle cell disease), and hydrops fetalis (anemia and congestive heart failure) in seronegative pregnant women

Back 23

Parvovirus B19

Front 24

How is parvovirus B19 transmitted

Back 24

Respiratory droplets and oral secretions; also parenterally by blood-clotting factor concentrate

Front 25

What is the smallest DNA virus

Back 25

Parvovirus

Front 26

What does the non-structural (NS) Rep protein of parvovirus B19 encode

Back 26

A protein important for cutting the replicative form of DNA and unwinding viral DNA during replication

Front 27

What structures are essential for the initiation of parvovirus genome replication

Back 27

Palindromic sequences of ~115nt which form hairpins

Front 28

What cellular receptor does parvovirus B19 use for replication

Back 28

Erythrocyte P antigen

Front 29

What four human diseases are associated with parvovirus B19

Back 29

Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)
Aplastic crisis in people with chronic hemolytic anemia (sickle cell anemia)
Hydrops fetalis (anemia and congestive heart failure)
Polyarthritis

Front 30

In Erythema infectiosum caused by parvovirus B19, what will typically appear around 17-18 days

Back 30

Rash

Front 31

What type of cell does parvovirus B19 infect

Back 31

Mitotically active erythroid precursors

Front 32

What disease has nonspecific symptoms of headaches, malaise, myalgia, fever, chills, pruritus, and reticulocytopenia. Erythema appears 17-19 days post exposure, characterized by lacy, mascular rash on face (slapped cheek) that may spread to the trunk and extremities
Arthritis and/or arthralgia associated in 80%

Back 32

Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum, slapped cheek disease). Caused by parvovirus B19

Front 33

Infection with what results in a transient depletion of erythrocyte precursors and a reduction in erythropoiesis, which leads to reticulocytopenia and a decrease in hemoglobin level that lasts for 7-10 days

Back 33

Parvovirus B19. The disease described is Transient aplastic crisis