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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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smallest virus diameter is ___. biggest is ___.
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10 nm
250 nm |
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viruses depend on host cells for (3)
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1. protein synthesis system
2. some parts of nucleic acid synthesis 3. energy production system |
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capsid definition
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protein shell enclosing nucleic acid
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nucleocapsid definition
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capsid + nucleic acid
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capsomer definition
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capsid monomer
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in TMV, every 3rd nucleotide is bound to a ___
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capsomer
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all animal viruses with helical capsid symmetry have ___
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envelope
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an icosahedron has ___ facets and ___ vertices
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20
12 |
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examples of animal viruses with icosahedral symmetry
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HPV
herpes adenovirus |
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in contrast to viruses with helical symmetry, icosahedral virions can ___
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be built before nucleic acids are synthesized
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___ is an example of a virus with neither helical nor icosahedral symmetry
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poxvirus
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kinds of DNA viruses (5)
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linear ds
circular ds supercoiled ds linear ss circular ss |
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T/F: circular ssDNA is only partially ss
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true
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most animal RNA viruses have this kinds of RNA
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ssRNA
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2 kinds of ssRNA
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+ sense
- sense (antisense) |
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+ sense RNA can ___
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be translated (like mRNA)
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ssRNA is either in one piece or ___
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segmented
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3 ways viruses compress information in nucleic acid (3)
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overlapping coding sequences
alternative splicing use of both strands |
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envelope is mostly ___ obtained by ___. 2 copies of an enveloped virus infecting different cells will have progeny with different ___ but the same ___
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lipid
budding from host cell envelope viral glycoproteins |
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3 ways viruses may be detected
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EM (physical)
immunological culture in cell or animal and observe effect |
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3 kinds of animal culture to test for virus
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cell
embryonated chicken egg animal |
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cellular signs of viral infection (3)
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cytopathic effect
proliferation foci invisible changes |
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cytopathic effect examples (4)
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lysis
inclusion bodies giant cell formation cytoplasmic vacuolization |
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proliferation foci are caused by ___, which trigger ___
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transformation by oncogenic viruses
loss of contact inhibition |
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invisible change examples (3)
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viral proteins
hemadsorption interference with replication |
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ID50 is ___
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titre of virus which infects 50% of the test population
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hemadsorption is caused by ___
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hemagglutinins
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1 PFU is equal to ___ virions
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1--1000
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because ___, hemagglutination is a more/less sensitive assay than PFUs
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many virions can form a HA unit
less sensitive |
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T/F radioimmunoassay can not tell between virus subtypes
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false
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T/F immunofluorescence can detect virus inside a cell
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true
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