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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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viral zoonosis
spread |
bites - rabies, herpesB mosq.
urine/feces - hanta, sars repiratory - influenza other? (ebola) |
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viral zoonosis
why so bad? |
viruses did not evolve with humans
more pathogenic because humans arent natural host viral reservoir maintained in animals - stable animal host |
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viral zoonosis
viruses that cause HEMORRHAGIC FEVER |
flavivirus - Yellow fever, dengue
bunyaviridae - hanta arenaviridae - lassa fever filoviridae - ebola |
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viral zoonosis
HEMORRHAGIC fever |
acute fever with myalgia
capillary leak syndrome host immune response from cytokine storm all hemorrhagic fever viruses have zoonotic life cycles |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae |
-ssRNA
helical 7 genes, one strand (7 diff mRNAs) enveloped ebola/marburg severe hemorrhagic fever 50-90% fatal |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae Marburg |
green monkey to humans
not monkey virus either bc high mortality |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae ebola |
4 subtypes
Zaire, sudan, cote d'ivore, reston no seasonal prediction easily quarantined 70-90% mortality |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae transmission |
contact with body fluid, high viral load
--mostly blood bc hemorrhagic fever patients sweat and vomit blood ebola probably bats |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae pathogenesis |
3-5 days
abrupt fever death caused by shock from ORGAN FAILURE CYTOKINE STORM/toxemia macrophage infx-->spread to organs-->causes breakdown of endothelial cells (cells that line veins and arteries) |
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viral zoonosis
filoviridae treatment & control |
treatment = supportive care
fluid replacement control = quarantine change burial practices dx samples ltd to lvl 4 labs |
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viral zoonosis
rhabdovirus |
Rabies
enveloped RNA 5 mRNAs spread by bites |
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viral zoonosis
rhabdovirus infection spread in host |
bite saliva-->muscle-->replication in monocytes (WBC)-->viremia-->infection of peripheral neurons -->CNS -->secondary viremia -->replication in salivary gland
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viral zoonosis
rhabdovirus pathogenesis |
most lethal virus to humans
100% fatal if not treated before symptoms set in site of disease important--did it get into muscle? long incubation (2-3mo) neurologic disease in 2 flavors: furious and paralytic coma and death 2-3 weeks after symptoms |
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viral zoonosis
rhabdovirus diagnosis |
patient history - questions about animal
immunofluorescent stain of skin biopsy RT pcr with spinal fluid or saliva |
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viral zoonosis
rhabdovirus prevention |
vaccine
inactivated vaccinate pets |
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viral zoonosis
bunyaviridae |
segmented
ssRNA 3 RNAs (sm, med, lg) encapsidated enveloped, but no matrix entry through cell receptor mediated endocytosis, fuses with internal membrane |
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viral zoonosis
bunyaviridae hanta |
many hanta viruses
cause 2 diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hataan, seoul) hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (sin nombre, NY virus) specific rodent host xmission through rodent excretion no human human spread |
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viral zoonosis
bunyaviridae sin nombre |
causes human cardiopulmonary syndrome
35% mortality no human human spread deer mouse host (excretions) |
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viral zoonosis
bunyaviridae sin nombre pathogenesis |
spreads through died mouse urine
fever-->myalgia-->abdominal pain viral antigens in organs (lungs/heart) - causes capillary leakage patient becomes hypoxic and has heart failure/shock |
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viral zoonosis
bunyaviridae sin nombre diagnosis |
ELISA or W blot for serum antibodies
treatment = supportive prevention = prevent mouse infest. |
