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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is aseptic meningitis?
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Meningitis where the CSF produces no cultures when grown. The etiology can be viral, mycobacterial, syphilis, cancer, autoimmune, etc.
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What types of diagnostic tests should you run when suspicious of aseptic meningitis?
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LP, cell count and differential, protein, glucose, etc.
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What are characteristics of bacterial infection?
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Mainly neutrophils with low glucose and high protein.
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What are characteristics of viral infection?
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Mainly lymphocytes with normal glucose.
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What is the most common cause of viral meningitis?
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The non-polio enteroviruses such as coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and other enteroviruses (all picornavirus family)
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What groups are at risk for chronic enterovirus infection?
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Those with impaired humoral immunity (agammaglobulinemia or pts on Rituximab - antiCD20)
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What are some symptoms of enterovirus infection?
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Nuchal rigidity, sudden onset, headache, photophobia
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What are some herpesviruses that can cause aseptic meningitis?
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EBV, CMV, HSV, VZV
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What is Molleret's meningitis?
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Benign lymphocytic meningitis caused by HSV2, treated with acyclovir IV
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What do you use to treat CMV and EBV?
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Ganciclovir or foscarnet
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What are some other viral causes of aseptic meningitis?
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HIV, Mumps, Adenovirus, Influenza, West Nile, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
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What are some characteristics of HSV1 encephalitis?
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Temporal lobe involvement with seizures, lymphocytosis, high protein and RBC's
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What are some common causes of encephalitis?
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HSV1, echo and coxsackie enteroviruses, Influenza A, HIV, West Nile virus, arboviruses, measles, JC virus, and prion disease
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What are some complications of measles encephalitis?
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Permanent neurological sequelae like subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. First behavioral changes, then myoclonic jerks and falls, finally rigidity and unresponsiveness
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What tissues does JC virus infect?
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It creates white matter lesions. There is no treatment
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