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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rhinovirus general characteristics
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Picornavirus
SS + RNA |
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Rhinovirus surface cell receptor?
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ICAM-1
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Rhinovirus epidemiology
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Hyperendemic in winter (common cold)
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Causes of common cold?
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50% rhinovirus (others can be adenovirus etc)
Cold temperature not direct cause |
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Common cold transmission?
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Fomites (virus stable in environment)
Hands are major vector Human carrier state is possible (~50% of inf pts show symptoms, but shed virus) |
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Rhinovirus control
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Symptom relief (Abx don't do anything)
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Rhinovirus treatments
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Cold fX (immune booster, benefit?)
Cold Eeze (may work against rhinovirus) Zicam (snorted, and caused loss of smell) Picovir |
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Picovir drawbacks?
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Only targets 50% of cold causing viruses
Antag Birth control The common cold is not dangerous and self limiting |
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Influenza Virus general description
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Orthomyxoviruses
Segmented - ssRNA helical symmetic capsid enveloped virion |
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Influenza serotypes
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3 (A, B, C)
Subtypes categorized by protein |
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Influenza H
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Hemagglutinin (viral attachment)
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Influenza N protien
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Neuramidase (viral penetration and release from infected cell)
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Influenza infection course
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Short incubation (1-2 days)
Resp tract entrance SEVERE (fever, aches chills, wish for death) Lasts 1 week (recovery is often long 1 - 2 weeks) |
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List complications to Influenza infection
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Primary influenza viral pneumonia
Secondary pulmonary infection from Strep pneumo Staph aureus Hib |
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Reyes syndrome
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Edematous encephalitis, fatty alteration of liver
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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Demyelination disease, insult unclear (40% viral association)
1976 swine flu vaccine |
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Influenza vaccines
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Multivalent
guess of what will be circulating in US (vaccine includes two A viruses and dominant B virus) |
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What forms is the Flu vaccine available in?
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Inactivated virus (inj)
live, attenuated (resp admin) Flumist |
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Both flu vaccines are produced in?
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chicken eggs
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The elderly get what type of flu vaccine?
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high potency inactivated flu
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Children under nine require how many immunizations to the flu?
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Some may need TWO
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What is quadrivalent flu vaccine?
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Contains 2 A and 2 B viruses (should be used from 2013 onward)
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Antigenic drift
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Point mutations in N or H genes, minor variations (could be large problem)
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Antigenic shift
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recombination of entire segments encoding H and N proteins
Shuffling of genome segments in the virion MAJOR variations |
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Influenza nomenclature
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Type/Location/Year/Antigenic type
A/HK/98/H1N1 |
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Influenza epidemiology (#of deaths)
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10-40,000, mostly elderly
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Flu season?
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Winter occurence (December - March/April)
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RSV
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Respiratory synctical virus
Infx of epithelium of nose, throat, and bronchi |
