Villarreal Chapter Two Vocab

Front 1

Annotation

Back 1

Explanatory or critical notes added to a text

Front 2

Thesis Statement

Back 2

A sentence in which you identify your main ideas

Front 3

Topic Sentence

Back 3

A sentence in which you identify your main ideas

Front 4

Imagery

Back 4

details and descriptions used in writing to paint a picture in the reader's mind

Front 5

Oxymoron

Back 5

Paradoxical Juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another

Front 6

Dialectical Journal

Back 6

A double-column journal in which one writes a quotation in one column and reflections on that quotation in the other column

Front 7

Zeugma

Back 7

A construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs-often in a different, sometimes incongruent ways-two or more words in a sentence

Front 8

Graphic Organizer

Back 8

A way to organize your thoughts about a specific text.

Front 9

Archaic Diction

Back 9

The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language.

Front 10

Complex Sentence

Back 10

A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause

Front 11

Declarative Sentences

Back 11

A sentence that makes a statement

Front 12

Anaphora

Back 12

The repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses

Front 13

Hortative Sentence

Back 13

Sentence that exhorts, advises, calls to action

Front 14

Imperative Sentence

Back 14

A sentence that requests or commands

Front 15

Antimetabole

Back 15

The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast.

Front 16

Close Reading

Back 16

A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.

Front 17

Colloquialisms

Back 17

An informal or conversational use of language

Front 18

Tone

Back 18

The speaker’s attitude toward the subject or the audience

Front 19

Style

Back 19

The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech

Front 20

Diction

Back 20

word choice

Front 21

Syntax

Back 21

sentence structure

Front 22

Trope

Back 22

Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech

Front 23

Metaphor

Back 23

Figure of speech that says one thing is another in order to explain by comparison.

Front 24

Simile

Back 24

A figure of speech that uses “like” or “as” to compare two things.

Front 25

Personification

Back 25

Attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or idea.

Front 26

Hyperbole

Back 26

Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis

Front 27

Scheme

Back 27

A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect.

Front 28

Parallelism

Back 28

Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.

Front 29

Juxtapositions

Back 29

Placement of two things closely together to emphasizes comparisons or contrasts.`

Front 30

Antitheses

Back 30

Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction

Front 31

Figures of Speech

Back 31

An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning

Front 32

Periodic Sentence

Back 32

begin with modifying phrase and clauses, sometimes piling them on, and then end with an independent clause.

Hint 32

If, instead of listening to the war-mongers of the military-industrial establishment, the politicians had only listened to what people had been writing in their letters and in the newspaper columns, if they had only listened to what the demonstrators had been shouting in the streets and on the campuses, if they had only listened to what was in their hearts, the war would have ended long ago.

Front 33

Cumulative

Back 33

The main clause is at the beginning and is followed by an accumulation of subordinate clauses or phrases.

Hint 33

"We demand more reasonableness out of characters in fiction than we demand in real life, probably because we know that an author is in control of what his characters do and therefore can provide the kind of order and logic we would like to find in real life." (Boynton, p. 250)

"The stress we’ve put on point of view is unduly heavy unless its importance can be proved." (Boynton, 250)

Front 34

Polysyndeton

Back 34

the repetition of conjunctions in a series of coordinate words, phrases, or clauses.

Front 35

Chiasmus

Back 35

two corresponding pairs arranged not in parallels (a-b-a-b) but in inverted order (a-b-b-a); from shape of the Greek letter chi (X).

Front 36

Climax

Back 36

arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power. Often the last emphatic word in one phrase or clause is repeated as the first emphatic word of the next.

Front 37

Anastrophe

Back 37

transposition of normal word order; most often found in Latin in the case of prepositions and the words they control-a form of hyperbaton.

Front 38

Anadiplosis

Back 38

("doubling back") the rhetorical repetition of one or several words; specifically, repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next.

Front 39

Assonance

Back 39

repetition of the same sound in words close to each other.

Front 40

Synecdoche

Back 40

understanding one thing with another; the use of a part for the whole, or the whole for the part

Front 41

Metonymy

Back 41

Figure of speech that says one thing is another in order to explain by comparison

Front 42

Inversion

Back 42

Inverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb object order)