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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ho Chi Minh
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Communist party leader of Vietminh
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Vietminh
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-Formed by Ho Chi Minh
-Communist army led by the north -Openly communist in the north |
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Domino Theory
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-Eisenhower linked the countries on the brink of communism to a row of dominoes waiting to fall one after the others.
-countries must connect |
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Dien Bien Phu
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-the last french outpost between french & vietminh
-french lost, surrendered |
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Ngo Dinh Diem
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Dictator of the nationalists in South Vietnam
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Vietcong
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-a secret communist-opposition group in the south
-Secretly communist in the south |
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
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-a supply line/network of paths along the borders of Vietnam, Laos & Cambodia
-used to supply arms to Vietcong from the Vietminh |
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
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-gave President Johnson UNLIMITED power to wage war
-unconstitutional |
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Williams Westmoreland
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-American commander of the army in South Vietnam
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ARVN
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-Army of the Republic of Vietnam
-good guys -South Vietnamese army -Nationalists |
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napalm
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a gasoline based bomb that can set fire to the jungle
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agent orange
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-highly toxic herbicide
-kills leaves |
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search and destroy missions
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-us soldiers uprooted civilians w/suspected ties to the Vietcong
-killed their livestock, burning villages, troops, supplies |
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credibility gap
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a public distrust of statements made by the government
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draft
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-america's selective service system
-all males had to register w/ their local draft board when they turned 18 -requires men to enlist in armed services |
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New Left
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-democrats against the war
-growing YOUTH movement |
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SDS
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-Students for a Democratic Society
-College Protestors -New Left Program |
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Free Speech Movement
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-Can't be in SDS
-New Left Program |
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dove
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-a person who opposed the Vietnam War
-believed the us should withdraw from it |
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hawk
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-a person who supported the us involvement in the Vietnam war
-Wanted to send more troops |
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Tet Offensive
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-Vietcong attacked multiple US bases simultaneously on Tet
-Massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on S. Vietnamese towns/cities -lasted almost 3 weeks -Considered a losing victory because the us troops outlasted the attacks, forcing the Vietcong to quit because they had lost 10 times more men than the us |
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Bobby Kennedy
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-JFK's brother
-Was going to be pres. -assassinated |
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Richard Nixon
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-New republican president
-Became pres b/c Bobby Kennedy died -Announced 1st troop withdrawal from Vietnam |
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Henry Kissinger
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-Nixon's National security advisor
-Created Vietnamization |
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who created vietnamization
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Henry Kissinger
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Vietnamization
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-Nixon & Kissinger's plan which called for gradual withdrawal of US troops in order for the S Vietnamese(ARVN) to take on a more active combat role in the war
-Sub us troops for ARVN troops |
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Silent majority
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-small group who supported the War
-moderate, mainstream Americans who quietly supportred the US efforts in Vietnam |
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My Lai
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-1968
-US troops massacred 200 civilians in northern south vietnam |
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Kent State-how many died/wounded?
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-killed 4
-wounded 9 |
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Pentagon Papers
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-1971
-7,000 pg document -Repealed Gulf of Tonkin Act -Showed LBJ's truths -published by Daniel Ellsburg |
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What repealed the Gulf of Tonkin act?
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Pentagon Papers
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War Powers Act
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-limited a president's right to send troops into battle w/out consulting Congress
-48 hrs, 90 days rule (between Pres. & Congress: pres must notify congress within 48 hrs of sending troops, and congress has up to 90 days to declare war or the pres has to withdraw troops |
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When was France's War?
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At the end of WWII in 1945
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Who were Ho Chi Minh's soldiers?
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the Vietminh
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What sets up the 17th parallel?
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The Geneva Accords
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What was the 17th parallel?
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The border between n & s vietnam
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North Vietnam is Communist and led by-
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Ho Chi Minh
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South Vietnam is Non-communist and led by-
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Ngo Dinh Diem
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What is the capital of N. Vietnam
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Hanoi
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What is the capital of S. Vietnam
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Saigon
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Why was Ngo Dinh Diem killed
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Coercion of the US
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What does coercion mean
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threatening someone to make them do something
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How did LBJ convince Congress to pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
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B/c the USS Maddox was patrolling the coast of NV, and there were reported enemy attacks
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What did the Pentagon Papers lead to?
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War Powers Act
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What made the US think the USS Maddox was under attack?
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Fishing Boat
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What was Operation rolling thunder?
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-Bombing campaign of Vietnam
-named to sound intimidating |
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Why did LBJ keep sending more troops?
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b/c ARVN was not prepared to fight the type of war the us wanted to fight
-Gen. Westmoreland kept asking for more troops |
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What is a war of attrition?
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The side to sustain the most loss of lives wins
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What were the new weapons & war tactics?
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weapons: napalm & agent orange
war tactics: search & destroy missions |
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Why were troops suffering sinking morale?
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-they were losing
-the unfair draft -fighting an unknown enemy -the environment, animals -guerrilla warfare |
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Why did the Vietnam war get so much tv coverage?
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B/c satellites were invented, people could now watch the whole war from their living rooms
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What was the common phrase about the war?
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"We want to get out, but we don't want to give in [to communism]"
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What lost support due to lack of LBJ credibility
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The great society
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How did people try to avoid getting drafted?
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-going to college
-getting a doctor's note -leaving the country forever |
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What percent of the lower class was drafted?
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80%
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What percent of men in the war were drafted?
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75%
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Why was the tet offensive considered a losing victory?
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b/c the us outlasted the attacks, forcing the Vietcong to quit because they had lost 10 times more men than the us
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What were protests about?
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-the draft, war
-civil rights |
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What did the protest movement lead to?
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Riots
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What was the order of the terrible events to happen in this time period?
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-Vietcong's tet offensive
-My Lai -MLK assassinated -LBJ won't run for pres. again(slap in face) -Bobby Kennedy was assassinated |
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What year was My Lai?
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1968
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How long did it take until the US people new about My Lai? and why?
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About a year, b/c the army tried to keep it under wraps
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What was the soldier's excuse for the My Lai massacre?
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They were just following orders to "kill anything that breathed" from Lt. Calley
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What happened to Lt. Calley?
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convicted and sentenced
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Who published the Pentagon Papers?
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Daniel Ellsburg
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What year were the Pentagon Papers released?
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1971
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What were the Christmas Bombings? (11 days long)
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-The US bombed hanoi and hairphong in NV
-11 straight days, pausing only on Christmas Day |
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What was the document called, to release troops from Vietnam?
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Agreement on Ending the War & Restoring Peace in Vietnam
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What year was the fall of Saigon?
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1975
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Why did the soldiers receive a harsh, cold shoulder welcome?
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-minorities
-What they did at My Lai |
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How did NV enforce "reeducation" of SV?
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forced South Vietnamese into holocaust-like work camps, where they were beaten into following communism or killed
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What is the 48 hrs, 90 days rule?
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-the President has up to 48 hrs to notify congress of sending troops
-congress has up to 90 days to declare war, or pres is withdrawing troops |
