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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 important veterinary Rhabdoviruses?
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Lyssaviruses (rabies)
Vesicular Stomatitis |
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What is the key histological feature of rhabdovirus infection?
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Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies ("Negri Bodies")
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What are the major reservoir hosts for Rabies in Canada?
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Bats
Racoons Skunks |
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What are the clinical signs of a Rabies infection?
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Remember lots of variation b/w individuals
anoriexia insomnia anxiety Lymbic (wandering, hypersensitivity, hydrophobia,hypersexuality) Facial muscle spasms Drool |
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Describe the pathogenesis of a rabies infection.
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Bite-replication at site of infection (in muscles)-spreads to PNS via Ach receptor of NMJ
centripetal spread in spinal cord CNS: Limbic=furious form Neocortex=dumb/paralytic form |
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During what phase are rabid animals most likely to bite? Why are they so infective at this time?
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Furious phase corresponds with high virus shed in saliva
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How is rabies DX?
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Postmortem
FAT on frozen brain tissues |
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How is rabies controlled?
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Vaccination
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What should be done with animals that bite people?
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Healthy pet: 10day observation
Signs: euthanize and test Bats: consider rabid until proven wrong |
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What should be done with pets bitten by a potentially rabid animal?
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Up-to-date vaccination: revaccinate and observe
Expired Vacc:evaluate Unvaccinated: euthanize or observe for 6 months |
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Describe the 'window of opportunity' for the immune system to respond to a rabies innocuation
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Immune response must effective b/f the virus enters nerves (14-90 day incubation). Vaccinate following exposure.
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What are the lesions of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus?
Which species are affected? |
Vesicles on tongue, mouth, teats
Horses, sheep, cattle, swine |
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How is VSV spread?
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abrasions of mucosa/skin
insect bites |
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What is the pathogenesis of a VSV infection?
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Local spread with NO Viremia
AB are not protective |
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How is VSV DX?
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VI of vesicular fluids
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T or F:
VSV is not a reportable dz. |
False
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T or F:
VSV is a zoonosis? |
True
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Name 2 important fish Rhabdoviruses
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Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis |
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What type of virus are Parainfluenza?
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Paramyxovirus
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What are 2 important parainfluenza viruses of domestic animals?
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PI3: Parainfluenza Virus 3 (Bovine)
Canine Parainfluenza Virus |
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Describe the clinical signs of Parainfluenza viruses
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young animals
fever nasal discharge dyspnea, cough secondary bacterial infections (Kennel Cough and Shipping Fever) |
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What is the clinical signs of Newcastle Dz in poultry?
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Pantropic Virus:
Respiratory Nervous GIT |
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What are the terms for describing virulence of Newcastle Dz Virus?
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Lentogenic (low)
Mesogenic (medium) Velogenic (high) |
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How is Newcastle Dz dx?
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VI
Hemagglutination FAT Serology in unvaccinated flocks |
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T or F:
Caged birds, including Psittacines, can be infected with Newcastle Disease Virus |
True
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What are the key lesions of Rinderpest?
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Multisystemic Dz because pantropic
Erosions Lymphoid Necrosis |
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What is the pathogenesis of Canine Distemper Virus?
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mucosal surface, limited replication
lymph spread, replication primary viremia spread to organs, causes Dz |
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What are the 3 forms of CDV?
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Peracute: sudden death in pups
Acute: 3-6d incubation, Resp. or GI signs, immunosuppression (secondary infection) Subacute: neurological |
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How is CDV Dx?
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Skin Biopsey with IHC
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How is CDV Controlled?
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Biosecurity
Vaccination |
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Can ferrets be vaccinated for CDV?
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Not with MLV b/c species jump with cause increased virulence. Follow label.
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What are the clinical signs of BRSV?
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young animals
resp. dz SubQ emphysema |
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How is BRSV Dx?
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Paired Serology
Post mortem: FAT or IHC |
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How can BRSV be controlled?
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Biosecurity
Vaccination |
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Hendravirus causes dz in which species? How does it present?
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Horses: pulmonary congestion and edema
People: Pulm. hemorrage, encephalitis |
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What dz is caused by a Nipah virus?
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Porcine Respiratory and Neurologic Syndrome
"Barking Pig Syndrome" |
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How did Nipah virus get into pig populations?
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Overlap b/w pig farms and fruit bats in Malaysia.
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What is the basic pathogenesis of Filoviruses (eg. Ebola)
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Rapid replication in
Macrophages Endothelium Liver Lungs Causes necrosis and hemorrhage (highly lytic) |
