Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which product does not have activity against adult fleas?
|
Program (Lufenuron)
|
|
|
Which dog breeds have shown sensitivity to high doses of avermectins?
|
collies, shelties, Australian shepherds
|
|
|
puppies should be dewormed beginning at what age?
|
2 weeks
|
|
|
Certain breeds of dogs are sensitive to high doses avermectins. why?
|
genetic deletion in P-glycoprotein pump
|
|
|
which drug has excellent efficacy against whipworms in pigs?
|
Fenbendazole (Safegard)
|
|
|
What is the drug of choice against all tapeworms?
|
Praziquantel (droncit)
|
|
|
Which drug has no activity against giardia?
|
Ivermectin
use fenbendazole, albendazole instead |
|
|
T/F: Heartgard plus is not safe in collies
|
False: heartworm preventative dose is safe in all breeds
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of fenbendazole?
|
disrupts microtubule tubulin--> starves the parasite
|
|
|
Which heartworm preventative has action against whipworms in dogs?
|
Interceptor, Sentinel (milbemycin)
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of L-depranyl? What is the result?
|
inhibition of MAO
inhibits the breakdown of dopamine and NE to increase dopamine levels |
|
|
What is L-deprnyl used to treat for?
|
cognitive dysfunction
sleep disorders |
|
|
Clomipramine belongs in which group of behavior drugs?
|
tricyclic antidepressant
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of clomipramine?
|
block reuptake of serotonin and NE
|
|
|
What is clomipramine used for in dogs?
|
Anxiolytic: lick granuloma, stereotypic behavior (tail chasing, twitching)
|
|
|
What is clomipramine used for in cats?
|
aggression, urine spraying, hypervocalization, obsessive grooming
|
|
|
T/F: phenothiazines are anxiolytic
|
False: they sedate, but are NOT anxiolytic
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of acepromazine?
|
Antagonize D1 and D2 receptors
|
|
|
T/F acepromazine is a good choice for long term treatment of thunderphobia
|
False; busprione would probably be the better choice for long-term therapy
|
|
|
It is easy to wake/stimulate an animal that is on which drug?
|
acepromazine (phenothiazines)
|
|
|
Where is the site of action of benzodiazapines?
|
GABAa receptors
increase frequncy of channel opening |
|
|
Fluoxitine belongs to which drug class?
|
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
|
|
|
What two drugs work by increasing endogenous serotonin levels?
|
fluoxitine (selective)
clomipramine (serotonin and dopamine) |
|
|
What are SSRIs used for in small animals?
|
anxiolytic: compulsive behaviors (tail chasing, lick granuloma, dominance aggression)
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of azapriones (busprione)?
|
partial serotonin agonist
partial dopamine agonist |
|
|
What are azapriones used for in small animals?
|
urine spraying
phobias |
|
|
T/F azapriones cause sedation
|
flase; there are no sedating effects with azaprione use
|
|
|
What is the site of action of dissociative anesthetics?
|
non-competitive NMDA antagonist
|
|
|
What behavior problems can be corrected with ketamine?
|
nuerodegenerative disorders
|
|
|
A humectant _______ water
An emoliant ___________ water |
humectant binds water to skin
emoliant prevents evaporation of water |
|
|
normal canine skin pH is _____
|
7.5
|
|
|
How many days are required for complete epidermal turnover in a dog?
|
about 21 days
|
|
|
What is the main factor that determines drug absorption?
|
route of administration
|
|
|
Which route of administration has the highest variability in absorption?
|
oral medication
|
|
|
What genetic condition can greatly alter distribution of a drug?
|
P-glycoprotein pump deletion mutation in collies
|
|
|
Which pharmacokinetic factor is altered by genetic polymorphisms?
|
Metabolism is altered
|
|
|
What are the major routes of drug elimination?
|
renal
biliary |
|
|
what is the mechanism of action of most anti-cancer drugs?
|
target DNA to alter cell function
|
|
|
What does the acronym BAG stand for in anti-cancer therapy?
|
B: bone marrow
A: alopecia G: GI tract |
|
|
Which hormones are used as growth promotants?
|
progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, trenbolone, zeranol, melengestrol
|
|
|
What is ractopamine?
|
it is a repartitioning agent that is added to feed to increase muscle mass and decrease fat
|
|
|
Where is a growth promotant pellet placed?
|
SQ in the middle 1/3 of the pinna
|
|
|
What is an ionophore?
|
a carrier in lipid medium that allows for better movement of molecules across membranes
|
|
|
What growth promotant may help control coccidiosis?
|
ionophores
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of keratolytic agents?
|
dissolve skin scales on the surface
|
|
|
T/F Benzoyl peroxide goes deep into the hair follicle
|
Ture: it is good for follicular flushing for treatment of demodex
|
|
|
Which type of shampoo binds to the stratum corneum?
|
Chlorhexadine
|
|
|
Which types of shampoos are toxic to cats?
|
Hexachlorophene (dial)
tars (antiseborrheic) |
|
|
Which shampoo is a topical anesthetic, and why would you use it?
|
Pramoxine; used for relief of pruritus
|
|
|
What functions do dermatologic topical treatments serve?
|
cleansing, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseborrheic, antiparasitic, antipruritic, otic agents
|
|
|
What ocular layer is the main barrier to absorption of drugs?
|
corneal epithelium
|
|
|
Why are systemic drugs not used much in ocular pharm?
|
drug cannot penetrate to the anterior chamber very well
|
|
|
to treat lens luxation, would you use a miotic or a mydriatic?
|
use a miotic to prevent further movement of lens through pupil
|
|
|
what is the mechanism of action of prostaglandins (ophtho)?
|
increase aqueous outflow
|
|
|
what is the ophthalmic mechanism of action of epinephrine, alpha 2 agonists, beta blockers?
|
decreased aqueous production and increases outflow
|
|
|
Which ophtho antibiotic can cause renal toxicity?
|
gentamicin
|
|
|
What antibiotic is a good first line defense (Ophtho)?
|
NBP (neomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin)
|
|
|
What is the drug of choice for treating an ocular chlamydia infection?
|
terramycin
|
|
|
What is a potential side effect of enrofloxacin in cats?
|
retinal degeneration
|
|
|
What is the only approved antifungal ophtho agent?
|
pimaricin
|
|
|
What is the antifungal of choice for subpalpebral lavage?
|
voriconazole
|
|
|
What is the most effective topical antiviral (ophtho)?
|
trifluridine
|
|
|
Should topical steroids be given to a patient with an ophtho ulcer?
|
only if it is not melting; steroids increase collagenase activity which will increase melting
|
|
|
T/F systemic steroids and non-steroidals are safe when used together at proper doses (ophtho)
|
false: don't use them together systemically
|
