Vet Term-Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

bone processes

Back 1

enlarged areas that extend out from bones to serve as attachments for muscles and tendons

Front 2

bone head

Back 2

rounded end of a bone seperated from the body of the bone by a neck, usually covered by articular cartilage

Front 3

greater trochanter

Back 3

large process of the femur for attachment of tendons and muscle, lesser trochanter is small procss

Front 4

tubercle

Back 4

rounded process on many bones for attachment of tendons and muscle

Front 5

condyle

Back 5

rounded, knuckle like process at teh joint, usually covered by articular cartilage

Front 6

sutures

Back 6

cranial bones join at these joints

Front 7

fontanelles

Back 7

soft spots of unossified cranial tissue at birth

Front 8

frontal bone

Back 8

forms the forehead and roof of the bony sockets that contain the eyes

Front 9

parietal bone

Back 9

the two bones (one on each side of the skull) that form the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium

Front 10

temporal bone

Back 10

the two bones that form the lower sides and base of the cranium, each bone encloses an ear and contains a fossa for joining with the mandible

Front 11

sutures

Back 11

cranial bones join at these joints

Front 12

fontanelles

Back 12

soft spots of unossified cranial tissue at birth

Front 13

frontal bone

Back 13

forms the forehead and roof of the bony sockets that contain the eyes

Front 14

parietal bone

Back 14

the two bones (one on each side of the skull) that form the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium

Front 15

temporal bone

Back 15

the two bones that form the lower sides and base of the cranium, each bone encloses an ear and contains a fossa for joining with the mandible

Front 16

ethmoid bone

Back 16

the thin, delicate bone that supports the nasal cavity and forms part of the orbits of the eyes. composed of sponging, cancellous bone which contains numerous small holes

Front 17

intervertebral disks

Back 17

pads of cartilage that seperate vertebrate

Front 18

radius

Back 18

lower arm bone

Front 19

carpals

Back 19

wrist bones

Front 20

metacarpals

Back 20

the five radiating bones in the fingers

Front 21

phalanges

Back 21

finger bones, each finger has 3

Front 22

ilium

Back 22

uppermost portion of the pelvis

Front 23

ischium

Back 23

posterior part of the pelvis

Front 24

pubis

Back 24

anterior part of the pelvis

Front 25

femur

Back 25

thigh bone, has rounded head at proximal end that fits into depression in the pelvis

Front 26

patella

Back 26

kneecap

Front 27

tibia

Back 27

larger of the two bones of the lower leg

Front 28

fibula

Back 28

smaller of two lower leg bones

Front 29

tarsals

Back 29

bones of the hind part of the foot

Front 30

metatarsals

Back 30

bones of the midfoot

Front 31

phalanges of the toes

Back 31

bones of the forefoot

Front 32

acetabulum

Back 32

rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis, which joins the femur, forming the hip joint

Front 33

acromion

Back 33

outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

Front 34

articular cartilage

Back 34

this layer of cartilage surrouding the bone in the joint space

Front 35

cancellous bone

Back 35

spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of a bone

Front 36

cartillaginous tissues

Back 36

flexible, rubbery connective tissues

Front 37

collagen

Back 37

dense connective tissue protein strands found in the bone and other tissues

Front 38

condyle

Back 38

knuckle like process at the end of a bone near the join

Front 39

cranial bones

Back 39

skull bones, ethmoid, front, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal

Front 40

diapysis

Back 40

shaft or mid portion of long bone

Front 41

disk (disc)

Back 41

flat, round plate like structure

Front 42

epiphyseal plate

Back 42

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

Front 43

epiphysis

Back 43

each end of a long bone

Front 44

foramen

Back 44

opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave.

Front 45

fossa

Back 45

shallow cavity in a bone

Front 46

haversion canals

Back 46

minute spaces filled with blood vessels, found in compact bone

Front 47

malleolus

Back 47

round process on both sides of the ankle joint

Front 48

manubrium

Back 48

upper portion of the sternum

Front 49

mastoid process

Back 49

rund projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

Front 50

medullary cavity

Back 50

central, hollowed out are in the shaft of the long bone

Front 51

metaphysis

Back 51

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) and epiphyseal plate

Front 52

olecranon

Back 52

large process on the proximal end of the ulna

Front 53

osseous tissue

Back 53

bone tissue

Front 54

ossification

Back 54

process of bone formation

Front 55

osteoblast

Back 55

bone cell that helps form bony tissue

Front 56

osteoclast

Back 56

bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

Front 57

periosteum

Back 57

membrane surrounding bones, rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Front 58

sinus

Back 58

hollow air cavity within a bone

Front 59

styloid process

Back 59

pole like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Front 60

trabeculae

Back 60

supporting bundles of bony fibers in the cancellous (spongy) bone

Front 61

trochanter

Back 61

large process at the neck of the femur

Front 62

tubercle

Back 62

rounded, small process on bone, attachment site for muscles and tendons

Front 63

tuberosity

Back 63

rounded process on bone, attachment site for muscles and tendons

Front 64

xiphoid process

Back 64

lower, narrow portion of the sternum

Front 65

lamin/o

Back 65

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

Front 66

lumb/o

Back 66

lower back

Front 67

myel/o

Back 67

bone marrow

Front 68

spondyt/o

Back 68

vertebra

Front 69

-blast

Back 69

embryonic or immature cell

Front 70

-clast

Back 70

to break

Front 71

-malacia

Back 71

softening

Front 72

-porosis

Back 72

por, passes

Front 73

articulation

Back 73

any joint

Front 74

bursa

Back 74

sac of fluid near a joint, promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another

Front 75

ligament

Back 75

connective tissue binding bones to other bones, supports, strenghthens, and stabilizes the joint

Front 76

synovial cavity

Back 76

space between bones at a synovial joint, contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane

Front 77

synovial fluid

Back 77

viscous (sticky) fluid within the synovial cavity, similar in viscosity to egg white

Front 78

synovial joint

Back 78

a freely moveable joint

Front 79

synovial membrane

Back 79

membrane lining the synovial cavity, produces synovial fluid

Front 80

ankyl/o

Back 80

stiff

Front 81

athr/o

Back 81

joint

Front 82

articul/o

Back 82

joint

Front 83

burs/o

Back 83

bursa

Front 84

chondr/o

Back 84

cartilage

Front 85

synov/o

Back 85

synovial membrane

Front 86

ten/o

Back 86

tendon

Front 87

tendin/o

Back 87

tendon

Front 88

-desis

Back 88

to bind, tie together

Front 89

-stenosis

Back 89

narrowing

Front 90

flexion

Back 90

decreasing the angle between two bones, bending a limb

Front 91

extension

Back 91

increasing the angle between two bones, straigtening out a limb

Front 92

abduction

Back 92

movement away from the midline of the body

Front 93

adduction

Back 93

movement toward the midline of the body

Front 94

rotation

Back 94

circular movement around an axis

Front 95

dorsiflexion

Back 95

decreasing the angle of the joint so that the foot bends upward

Front 96

plantar flexion

Back 96

motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground

Front 97

fascia

Back 97

fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

Front 98

insertion of a muscle

Back 98

connection of the muscle to a bone that moves

Front 99

origin of a muscle

Back 99

connection of a muscle to a stationary bone

Front 100

visceral muscle

Back 100

smooth muscle

Front 101

plantar flexion

Back 101

motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground

Front 102

fascia

Back 102

fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

Front 103

insertion of a muscle

Back 103

connection of the muscle to a bone that moves

Front 104

origin of a muscle

Back 104

connection of a muscle to a stationary bone

Front 105

visceral muscle

Back 105

smooth muscle

Front 106

fibr/o

Back 106

fibrous connective tissue

Front 107

leiomy/o

Back 107

smooth muscle that lines the walls of internal organs

Front 108

my/o

Back 108

muscle

Front 109

myocardi/o

Back 109

heart muscle

Front 110

myos/o

Back 110

muscle

Front 111

plant/o

Back 111

sole of the foot

Front 112

rhabdomy/o

Back 112

skeletal, striated

Front 113

-asthenia

Back 113

lack of strength

Front 114

-trophy

Back 114

development, nourishment

Front 115

ab-

Back 115

away from