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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Waht are the etiologies for adult bacterial meningitis?
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Strept suis II
E. coli Salmonella spp Mycoplasma spp Hemophilus suis/parasuis (glassers disease) |
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What is the pathogenesis of Audlt bacterial meningitis?
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Enters wound, respiratory tract, intestinal tract or skin
Hematogenous spread and replication Bacterial emboli are trapped in meninges |
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What are the gross lesions seen with Adult bacterial meningitis?
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cloudy meninges
gray to yellow fibrinous exudate |
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What is the response to injury for adult bacterial meningitis?
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Neutrophils in meninges
subacute inflamm response fibrin |
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What are the etiologies for brain and spinal cord abscesses?
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C. pyogenes
C. pseudotuberulosis Strept spp |
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What is the pathogenesis for brain and spinal cord abscesses?
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Ingestion or entry and replication in wound
Hematogenous spread direct extension |
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What is the etiology for protozoal encephalomyelitis?
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Toxo
Neospora caninum |
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What is the response to injury for Protozoal encephalomyelitis?
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Organisms in endothelial cells and neurons
Organisms in cysts in neuropil Granulamatous vasculitis and meningitis always asymmetrical lesion |
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What is the pathogenesis for protozoal encephalomyelitis?
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leukocytic trafficking--in monocytes
infection of endothelial cells vasculitis and neuronal necrosis |
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What is the most common cause of fungal encephalomyelitis in cats and horses?
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cryptococcosis
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What are the two examples of subtle CNS injury caused by parasitic larval migration?
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Cerebrospinal nematodiasis
cuterebra spp in cats |
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large breed dogs and rapidly growing horses are often affected by what disease?
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cervical myelopathy
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What diagnostic tool can be used to differentiate between fibrous astrocytoma and granuloma?
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impression smear
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what is the etiology for CDV?
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Morbillivirus
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What is the pathogenesis for CDV?
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Aerosol transmission
trapped in mucosa of nasal turbinates infects local macs spread by macs to regional lymph nodes(retropharyngeal) CDV replicates in regional lymph nodes Primary viremia infects systemic lymph nodes, thymus, spleen |
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What is the pathogenesis for CDV?
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Immunosuppression
-secondary bacterial infections such as bronchopneumonia Seconday viremia |
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What are the three possible outcomes for a dog that has acquired CDV?
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die
develop a timely systemic immune response and recover develop a chronic inflammatory/demyelinating disease |
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What is the response to injury for CDV?
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polioencephalomyelitis
Neuronal and glial degeneration and necrosis lymphomonocytic perivasculitis and meningitis inclusions in neurons and glial cells |
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What unusual cells may be seen in the demyelinating phase of CDV?
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gitter cells
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What are the gross lesions for Dural Ossification?
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red plaques in meninges
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What are the gross lesions seen in cerebrovascular atherosclerosis?
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yellow streaks in intima
tortuous beaded appearance of vessels |
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What are the gross lesions seen in brain-heart syndrome?
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pale white foci in myocardium of ventricles
especially in papillary muscles |
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What is the pathogenesis of Brain-Heart syndrome?
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over stimulation of beta receptors
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What are the etiologies for cerebellar hypoplasia?
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Panleukopenia virus--cats
BVD/MD virus --cattle and sheep Blue tongue virus-- sheep and calves |
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What are the gross lesions seen with feline ischemic encephalopathy?
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malacia of focal cerebral cortex
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What is the response to injury for feline ischemic encephalopathy?
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necrosis, loss of myelin, gitter cells
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What is the etiology for feline ischemic encephalopathy?
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cuterebra
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What is the etiology for protozoal encephalomyelitis?
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sarocystis neurona
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What is the pathogenesis of Protozoal Encephalomyelitis?
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Ingested
hematogenous spread in monocytes Injury related to: -protozoan in neuron and endothelial cells -degeneration caused by replication -rupture of parasitic cyst -inflammation associated with cyst rupture and release of parasites into neuropil |
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What are the etiologies for Herpes virus Encephalitis in horses?
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Equine herpesvirus I
Equine rhinopneumonitis virus |
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What is the pathogenesis for herpes virus encephalitis?
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Hematogenous spread
endothelial cell infection thrombosis of small arteries and veins virus induced ischemic vasculitis |
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What is the etiology for Equine Arbovirus encephalomyelitis?
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Group A arbovirus
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Does Arbovirus effect white or gray matter?
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gray matter
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What is the pathogenesis for Arbovirus Encephalomyelitis?
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Mosquito vectors
Bird reservoirs Hematogenous spread |
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What are the gross lesions for leukoencephalomalacia?
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liqufactive necrosis of white matter
usually frontal or parietal lobes |
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What are the etiologies for Moldy corn poisoning?
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Fusarium moniliforme toxin
fumonisin B1 in moldy corn |
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What is the response to injury for leukoencephalomalacia?
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liqufactive necrosis
perivascular hemorrhage in white matter axonal degeneration gitter cells |
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What are the gross lesions for cerebrospinal nematodiasis?
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focal or linear red tracts in neuropil
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What are the etiologies for cerebrospinal nematodiasis?
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Strongylus vulgaris
Strongylus equinus Seteria spp. |
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What is the etiology for listeriosis?
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Listeria monocytogenes
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what is the pathogenesis for listeriosis?
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Penetrate Oral mucosa
local tissue necrosis follow cranial nerves |
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What are the gross lesions for TEME?
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Randomly distributed red foci in brain and spinal cord
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What is the etiology for TEME?
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Hemophilus somnus
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In what way is Hemophilus somnus usually contracted?
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through the respiratoy tract
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What age range of goats are primaraly affected with viral leukoencephalomyelitis?
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2-4 months
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What is the etiology for Cerebrospinal Angiopathy?
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E. coli
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What ae the etiologies for serous rhinitis?
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mild irritants or allergic reactions
cold air early stages of viral infection |
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What are the specific causes associated with Granulamatous Rhinitis?
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systemic mycoses
tuberulosis foreign bodies |
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What causes IBR?
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bovine herpesvirus-1
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Are the majority of nasal tumors malignant or benign?
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malignant
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What is the etiology fo guttural pouch mycosis?
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Aspergillus fumigatus
othe Aspergillus spp. |
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What is the etiology for necrotic laryngitis?
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Fusobacterium necrophorum
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What is the pathogenesis of Rhodococcus Pneumonia?
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Inhalation of infected dust or aerosols
rapid phagocytosis by macs defective lysosome fusion leads to survival and replication |
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What are the equine parasitic pneumonias?
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parascaris equorum
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi |
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What is the most important disease in cattle? this is what Dr. Zachary said.
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Pneumonic pasteurellosis
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What are the three primary virus involved with Pneumonic Pasteurellosis?
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IBR
PI3 BRSV |
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What is the secondary bacteria involved in Pneumonic Pasteurellosis?
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Mannheimia haemolytica
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What clinical sign is seen with Pneumonic Pasteurellosis?
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Extremely high temps
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What are the etiologies for Verminous Pneumonia in cattle and in sheep?
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Dictyocaulus viviparus in cattle
Dictyocaulus filaria in sheep |
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What is the pathogenesis of Maedi (Maedia-Visna)?
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ingestion of infected colostrum
contact between infected and susceptible sheep |
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Does Porcine Enzootic Pneumonia result in fibrinous exudate?
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NO
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What are the etiologies for porcine parasitic pneumonias?
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Metastrongylus apri
Ascaris suum |
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What are the bacterial agents that cause pneumonia in dogs after a primary viral injury?
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P. multocida
Strept. spp. E.coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Bordetella bronchiseptica |
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What species cause Pyogranulamatous Pleuritis?
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Nocardia spp
Actinomyces spp Bacteroides spp |
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x
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x
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