Vet Dentistry For The Tech- Q&a Flashcards

Front 1

The most common condition in geriatric dogs and cats over the age of 7 yrs old is?

Back 1

oral disease

Front 2

Dental terminology is different from vet medical terminology in that the focus is on the teeth themselves and the relationship of the ___ to other teeth.

Back 2

mouth

Front 3

For example, practitioners could not extract a tooth w/out knowing the number of ___ that the tooth has.

Back 3

roots

Front 4

The area where the two jaws join in the oral cavity is known as?

Back 4

temporomandibular joint

Front 5

A puppy has ___ teeth and an adult dog has___ teeth. A kitten has ___ teeth and an adult cat has ___ teeth.

Back 5

puppy- 28
adult dog- 42
kitten- 26
adult cat- 30

Front 6

___ is the hardest substance in the body and is fairly resistant to stains.

Back 6

enamel

Front 7

Dentine is produced by ___ which are cells that line the pulp chamber.

Back 7

odontoblast

Front 8

The area between the free gingiva and the tooth is know as the ___ in healthy animals when there is no space between the gingiva and tooth and a ___ when there is space.

Back 8

sulcus
pocket

Front 9

The tooth is held in place in the alveolus or socket by the?

Back 9

periodontal ligament

Front 10

The dental formula for the adult dog?
The dental formula for the puppy?

Back 10

2x (I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 4/4, M 2/3) = 42
2x (I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 3/3) = 28

Front 11

The dental formula for the adult cat?
The dental formula for the kitten?

Back 11

2x (I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 3/2, M 1/1) = 30
2x (I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 3/2) = 26

Front 12

The primary teeth are indicated by ___ case letters?

Back 12

lower

Front 13

The triadan system identifies each quadrant by?

Back 13

R upper- 100's
L upper- 200's
L lower- 300's
R lower- 400's

Front 14

___ orthodontics is the process of extracting primary teeth when it appears that they will cause orthodontic malocclusions.

Back 14

interceptive

Front 15

Cranial mandibular osteodystrophy occurs primarily in what type of dog?

Back 15

west highland white terriers

Front 16

A class ___ occlusion is said to occur when the mandible is shorter than normal.

Back 16

MAL/2

Front 17

The condition known as maxillary brachygnathism is caused by a ___ maxilla.

Back 17

shorter

Front 18

A ___ bite is a condition in which the central incisors of the mandible and the maxilla do not align evenly.

Back 18

wry bite

Front 19

___ is inflammation of the gingiva

Back 19

gingivitis

Front 20

___ disease is disease of the surrounding tissues of a tooth.

Back 20

periodontal disease

Front 21

___ normally resists staining, whereas ___ is porous and stains easily.

Back 21

enamel
dentin

Front 22

___results from the friction of teeth against an external object, such as hair or a tennis ball.

Back 22

abrasion

Front 23

___ occurs as the result of the friction of teeth again each other.

Back 23

attrition

Front 24

___ ___ can results from conditions that cause a temporary debilitation of the patient, such as high fever.

Back 24

enamel hypoplasia

Front 25

___ is the treatment of disease inside the tooth.

Back 25

endodontics

Front 26

A fracture that has penetrated enamel and dentine and involved the pulp chamber should be treated by ___ or ___.

Back 26

RC or extraction

Front 27

the most common fracture of the fourth premolar is the ___ fracture.

Back 27

slab

Front 28

Purple discoloration indicates ___ in the pulp.

Back 28

hemorrhage

Front 29

An ___ is the displacement of the tooth from the socket.

Back 29

avulsion

Front 30

FORL stands for? AKA?

Back 30

Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions or aka resorptive cervical line lesion

Front 31

___ tumors generally do not spread deep into tissue or metastasize to lymph node or lungs.

Back 31

benign

Front 32

As with many oral malignancies, clients may first notice a minor change such as?

Back 32

halitosis

Front 33

A class 1 fracture is? Tx?

Back 33

is a chip fracture that has caused only loss of enamel.
-many are insignificant and do not require treatment

Front 34

A class 2 fracture is? A class 2b fracture is?Tx?

Back 34

FX2- involves the enamel and dentin
tx- depending on if the fracture has jagged edges or not will depend on if the fracture requires tx.

FX2b- enamel/dentin are involved and the pulp chamber is not exposed- although the fx extends below the gumline
tx- may required endodontic and/or periodontic tx

Front 35

A class 3 fracture is? A Class 3b fracture is? tx?

Back 35

FX3-involves the enamel, dentin and exposes the pulp chamber.
tx- RC or extraction

FX2b- involves the enamel, dentin, exposes the pulp chamber and extends below the gumline.
tx- RC or extraction

Front 36

A class 4 fracture is? tx?

Back 36

FX4- involves the root
tx- extraction

Front 37

The four types of hand instruments are?

Back 37

probe
explore
scaler
curette

Front 38

The four portions of all instruments are?

Back 38

handle
shank
terminal shank
working end

Front 39

Color-banded probes have bands that are either ___ or ___ mm wide, or a combination of the two widths.

Back 39

2mm or 3mm

Front 40

The newer probe lengths are ___ and ____mm?

Back 40

15mm and 18 mm

Front 41

Scalers have ___ sharp sides and a sharp tip.

Back 41

3

Front 42

Sclaers are used for ____ scaling only.

Back 42

supragingival scaling

Front 43

Curettes and scalers are usually ___ ___; this means that they can adapt to opposite surfaces.

Back 43

mirror images

Front 44

The ___ edge is the working portion of the scaler

Back 44

cutting edge= working portion

Front 45

the ___ curette may be adapted to almost all the dental surfaces.

Back 45

universal

Front 46

A ___ blade reflects light, whereas a ___ blade does not reflect light.

Back 46

dull blade reflects light
sharp blade does not

Front 47

The instrument should be sharpened so that it has a ___ to ___ degree angle.

Back 47

75-80 degree angle

Front 48

As the Arkansas Stone is moved down a "___" should be observed on the face of the instrument.

Back 48

flashing

Front 49

Powered scalers convert ___ or ____ energy into mechanical vibrations.

Back 49

electrical or pneumatic energy

Front 50

The two following types of devices in the handpiece can pick up the sound wave and turn it into a vibration.

Back 50

magnetostrictive and piezoelectric

Front 51

The piezoelectric ultrasonic scalers use ___ in the handpiece to pick up the vibrations.

Back 51

crystals

Front 52

Sonce scalers are driven by ___ and ___.

Back 52

air and wobbling

Front 53

Handpieces usually operate at ___ to ___ psi.

Back 53

30 to 40 psi

Front 54

___ must be periodically drained from air storage tanks.

Back 54

water

Front 55

High-speed handpieces operate at ___ speed than low-speed handpieces but have ___ torque than low-speed handpieces.

Back 55

higher
lower

Front 56

Burs should be treated as ___.

Back 56

sharps

Front 57

Employers are required by ___ to provide employees with preventive safety equipment and require them to wear it during dental procedures.

Back 57

OSHA

Front 58

Proper hand washing is important for disease control. Employees should be careful to rinse their hands in ___ water.

Back 58

cold

Front 59

Hazards are classified as follows: ___, ___, ___, ___.

Back 59

biological, chemical, physical ergonomical.

Front 60

A type 1 allergic reaction takes place ___ after exposure.

Back 60

immediately

Front 61

What are the 4 areas of anesthesia that are most important w/cohats?

Back 61

airway management
patient monitoring
support
pain management

Front 62

Hemoglobin saturation measures the percentage of ___ that is bound w/O2, w/100% being the maximum.

Back 62

hemoglobin

Front 63

Conducting airways includes what structures that each successively branch off the bronchi down to the bronchioles.

Back 63

mouth
nose
sinuses
pharynx
larynx
trachea
main stem bronchi

Front 64

CETT is the abbreviation for?

Back 64

cuffed endotracheal tube

Front 65

The ___ ___ is the hole in the side of the tube between the cuff and the tip of the CETT.

Back 65

murphy's eye

Front 66

Periodontal disease is an ___ and ___ of the tissues surrounding the tooth. How is it characterized?

Back 66

infection and inflammation
- characterized by movement of the gingiva towards the apex and migration of the junctional epithelium with associated loss of the periodontal ligament and bone surround the tooth.

Front 67

A glycoprotein component of saliva known as ___ ___ attaches to the tooth surface.

Back 67

acquired pellicle

Front 68

As periodontal disease progresses, ___ __ bacteria begins to colonize.

Back 68

gram negative

Front 69

Healthy gingiva has a ___ margins and is ___ ___ in color or a pigmented color.

Back 69

knifelike margin and is coral pink in color

Front 70

PD1 can appear ___ to ___ days after plaque accumulation in previously healthy gingiva.

Back 70

2-4 days

Front 71

PD2 is known as?

Back 71

advanced gingivitis

Front 72

The PD stage w/advance breakdown, severe pocket depth, bleeding easily on probing, pus, bone loss, and mobility is sate?

Back 72

4

Front 73

___ is performed on patients with healthy PD1-PD2 and ____ is performed on patients with PD3-PD4.

Back 73

prophylaxis
periodontal tx

Front 74

Ultrasonic instrments can damage teeth by ___ ___ or ___ ___.

Back 74

mechanical etching or thermal heating

Front 75

The ___ ___ ___ is the method of holding dental instruments.

Back 75

modified pen grasp

Front 76

Gentle irrigation of the sulcus flushes out trapped ___ and ___ the intrasulcular fluids.

Back 76

trapped debris and oxygenates the intrasulcular fluids

Front 77

The most important strategy in the prevention of periodontal disease is?

Back 77

plaque control

Front 78

In 1997 the American Veterinary Dental College formed the?

Back 78

Veterinary Oral Health Council = VOHC

Front 79

Plaque forms ___ to ___ hours after brushing.

Back 79

6-8 hrs

Front 80

The primary objective of periodontal therapy is to treat?

Back 80

periodontal disease

Front 81

Periodontal therapy is performed on patients with what stages of PD?

Back 81

3 and 4

Front 82

___ is the mechanical removal of plaque, calculus, and stains from the crown and root surfaces.

Back 82

scaling

Front 83

The objective of root planning is to?

Back 83

create a clean, smooth, glasslike root surface

Front 84

Root planning is performed using a ___ with overlapping strokes in ___, ___ and ___ directions.

Back 84

curette
horizontal, vertical and oblique

Front 85

___ ___ is the treatment of gingival and periodontal inflammation.

Back 85

periodontal debridement

Front 86

Newer research has shown that it is no longer necessary to remove ___ when performing periodontal therapy?

Back 86

dentin

Front 87

The sonic waves produced by ultrasonic scalers have a cavitation effect, ___ the bacterial cell wall.

Back 87

distrupting

Front 88

Exodontics may be indicated if the tooth is judged nonsalvageable or if the client is unable or willing to perform?

Back 88

home care

Front 89

___ ___ are instruments that are used to engage teeth and raise them from the root socket.

Back 89

dental elevators

Front 90

___ ___ are used to grasp the tooth and remove it from the socket.

Back 90

extraction forceps

Front 91

The ___, ___, and ___ are fine elevators and are good for extracting very small teeth.

Back 91

301, 301S, and 301SS

Front 92

The ___ root tip pick and HB10/11 root tip picks are useful in extracting retained root tips.

Back 92

Heidbrink

Front 93

Use of ___ ___ forceps are recommended for exodontics.

Back 93

spring-loaded

Front 94

The ___ technique breaks bone (and tooth root) and causes more trauma than necessary.

Back 94

force technique

Front 95

The use of elevators to fracture bone by excessive force is or isn't recommended?

Back 95

isnt

Front 96

A ___ motion rather than a "seesaw" motion should be used with exodontics.

Back 96

rotational

Front 97

In ___ rotation the elevator parallel to the root is used w/exodontics.

Back 97

vertical

Front 98

A ___-___ cut can be made on the maxillary first molar.

Back 98

T-shaped

Front 99

W/radiograph film- between the plastic and the radiographic film itself is a ___ and ___ layer.

Back 99

paper and lead

Front 100

The parallel technique when taking radiographs is indicated for radiographs to evaluate ___ ___ teeth and ___ ___.

Back 100

posterior mandibular teeth and nasal cavity.

Front 101

The ___ ___ technique is used w/radiographs when parallel projection cannot be made.

Back 101

bisecting angle technique

Front 102

If the radiograph machine is aimed at the tooth it will distort the xray by ___?
If the radiograph machine is aimed at the film it will distort the xray by___?

Back 102

elongation
foreshortening

Front 103

The maxillary posterior teeth are best evaluated when you place the xray machine's head ___ degrees off the vertical or horizontal plane of the palate and radiographic film.

Back 103

45 degrees

Front 104

The canine tooth is best evaluated on radiograph if the head of the machine is placed ___ degrees from the front and ___ degrees from the side of the patient.

Back 104

45 degrees
45 degrees

Front 105

___ film is film that has been overexposed, overdeveloped, or exposed to light during processing.

Back 105

dark

Front 106

___ film is filim that has not been exposed to xrays.

Back 106

light

Front 107

Old ___ gives a washed-out background and fogs the film.

Back 107

developer

Front 108

Processing xray solutions should never be poured?

Back 108

down the drain.

Front 109

Periodontal flaps are created to expose ___ ___ and ___.

Back 109

tooth roots and bone

Front 110

A ___ ___ and ___ ___ are used diagnostically before an oral procedure to determine the location of the pocket and to aid in the selecting of an appropriate form of therapy.

Back 110

periodontal probe and dental xray

Front 111

A No. ___ handle is the standard scalpel handle in dentistry.

Back 111

#3

Front 112

___ is only performed in cases where hyperplastic gingiva is present.

Back 112

gingivoplasty

Front 113

The frenoplasty procedure is designed to relieve the ___ from the gingiva.

Back 113

tension

Front 114

Most commonly, bacteria gains entry into the pulp chamber via a ___ ___.

Back 114

fractured tooth

Front 115

A discolored tooth, especially if pink or purple indicates ___ ___.

Back 115

pulpal hemorrhage

Front 116

VP is indicated w/in ___ hours of the fracture of a mature tooth.

Back 116

48 hrs

Front 117

Files and reamers have two dimensions: ___ and ___

Back 117

length and diameter

Front 118

___ (endodontic instrument) have blunted tips and are used to vertically compact gutta-percha.

Back 118

pluggers

Front 119

A ___ ___ is an abnormal occlusal patter where the upper and lower incisors occlude cusp to cusp.

Back 119

level bite

Front 120

In ___ ___ or lingually displaced canine teeth, the tips of the mandibular canines are displaced lingually and occlude on the hard palate.

Back 120

base narrow

Front 121

A ___ ___ is an abnormal occlusion caused by a difference in length of two maxillae and mandibles

Back 121

wry bite

Front 122

___ ___ are made for orthodontic evaluation and treatment and the manufacture of restorative crowns.

Back 122

dental models

Front 123

___ or ___ ___ are used to mix alginate. The mixing bowl is flexible and allows for better mixing.

Back 123

plastic or metal spatula

Front 124

The two conditions of the oral cavity that are more common in cats than any other species are?

Back 124

LPS- lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
FORL- feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

Front 125

___ is defined as an inflammation of the oral mucosa, including the buccal and labial mucosa, palate, tongue, floor of the mouth, and gingiva.

Back 125

stomatitis

Front 126

___ cells activate immune response in the oral cavity of a cat.

Back 126

plasma cells

Front 127

Altered immune state in a cat may be caused by ___ or ___.

Back 127

FeLV or FIV

Front 128

In the treatment of LPS/F, each tooth with indications of periodontal disease should be treated by either ___ ___ or ___.

Back 128

periodontal therapy or extraction

Front 129

About 50% of the domestic cat population has ___?

Back 129

50%

Front 130

The lesions of FORLs causes ___ of the tooth.

Back 130

decay

Front 131

Grade ___ FORL involve the enamel only.

Back 131

1

Front 132

The most common treatment for a FORL is?

Back 132

extraction