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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What three pelvic bones does the pigeon have? |
Ilium pubis and ischium |
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What are the pelvic bones fused to? |
Synsacrum |
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What makes mammals, mammals? |
Endothermy Presence of glands in skin Hair Lactation Structure of middle ear Jaw articulation Akinetic skull "Tribisphenic" molars Neocortex of brain |
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Main types of skin exocrine glands |
Sebaceous Sweat Mammary Wax producing |
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What does lactation allow? |
Delay in development of teeth Less burdening of mother Independence from environmental resource availability |
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What does breast milk contain? |
Water Fats Proteins Lactose Minerals |
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In terms of lactation, what are the controlling hormones? |
Prolactin Oxytocin |
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What movement does an akinetic skull refer to? |
Movement between the upper jaw and braincase |
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Types of teeth and purpose |
Incisors - cutting Canines - piercing and holding Premolars/ molars - crushing and grinding |
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What is the meaning of tribosphenic molars? |
Grinding and shearing and so multifunctional |
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What type of cheek teeth do humans have? |
Brachydont |
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What type of cheek teeth do horses have? |
Hypsodont |
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What type of cheek teeth do monkeys have? |
Bunodont |
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What type of teeth do elephants have? |
Lophodont |
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Walrus tusks are |
Canines |
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Elephant tusks are |
Incisors |
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Neocortex responsibilities |
Sensory perception Generation of motor commands Spatial reasoning Conscious thought Language in humans |
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Modern birds have larger brains. True or false? |
True |
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How many vertebrae do modern birds have? |
6 |
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Which two muscles assist in wingbeat? |
Pectoralis major/ minor |
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Which two muscles assist in wingbeat? |
Pectoralis major/ minor |
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Which three bones form the triosseal canal? |
Humerus, scapula and coracoid |
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Which two muscles assist in wingbeat? |
Pectoralis major/ minor |
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Which three bones form the triosseal canal? |
Humerus, scapula and coracoid |
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How old is the oldest authenticated bird? |
150My |
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What is the arboreal theory of flight? |
Organism falls from a great height and glides/ fly |
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How do you calculate speed of flight? |
V=sqr.mass/ surface area |
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What is Bernouilli's principle? |
As a fluid moves faster, the pressure drops |
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What is Bernouilli's principle? |
As a fluid moves faster, the pressure drops |
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What are the three types of power required for flight? |
Induced Parasite Profile |
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Larger birds have a small heart mass percentage relative to their body. True or False? |
True |
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Larger birds have a small heart mass percentage relative to their body. True or False? |
True |
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Palaeognathae are what category of bird? |
Flightless |
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Which bird is the only avian hibernator |
Nightjar |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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How many eggs do hummingbirds lay? |
2 |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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How many eggs do hummingbirds lay? |
2 |
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What type of feet do cuckoos have? |
Zygodactyl |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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How many eggs do hummingbirds lay? |
2 |
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What type of feet do cuckoos have? |
Zygodactyl |
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In the zygodactyl foot, what is the digit arrangement? |
Digits 1 and 4 face backwards and 2 and 3 face forward |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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How many eggs do hummingbirds lay? |
2 |
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What type of feet do cuckoos have? |
Zygodactyl |
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In the zygodactyl foot, what is the digit arrangement? |
Digits 1 and 4 face backwards and 2 and 3 face forward |
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Which juvenile bird has claws? |
Hoatzin |
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Which birds have the most sensitive eyes in the world? |
Oilbirds |
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To the nearest hundred how many species of hummingbird are there? |
300 |
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How many eggs do hummingbirds lay? |
2 |
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What type of feet do cuckoos have? |
Zygodactyl |
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In the zygodactyl foot, what is the digit arrangement? |
Digits 1 and 4 face backwards and 2 and 3 face forward |
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Which juvenile bird has claws? |
Hoatzin |
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In which period did vertebrates move onto land? |
Devonian |
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Which order do caecilians belong to? |
Gymnophionia |
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Which amphibians belong to the order urodela? |
Newts and Salamanders |
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What is the underside of a tortoise/ turtles shell called? |
Plastron |
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Which structure comes from modified vertebrae in frogs and toads? |
Urostyle |
