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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SI Joints
AP Oblique Projection |
RPO & LPO Positions
Patient Supine 8 x 10 lengthwise Elevate side to be examined 25-30 degrees CR perpendicular to level of ASIS & 1' medial to the elevated ASIS Center IR to CR |
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Sacroiliac Joints
Axial Projection |
Can be done supine or prone
Place patient on table with no rotation 8 x 10 crosswise Supine - angle CR 30 degrees cephalad CR enters 1.5" above sympysis pubis @ MSP Center IR to CR |
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Lateral Coccyx
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Patient in true lateral position
Arms @ right angles to the body Superimpose knees and flex Supports between knees and ankles 8 x 10 lengthwise Support under body to place spine horizontal to the table CR perpendicular to a point 3.5" posterior to ASIS and 2" inferior Collimate |
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AP Axial Coccyx
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Can be done supine or prone
Adjust patient so there is no rotation of the pelvis 8 x 10 lengthwise Supine - CR 10 degrees caudad @ a point 2" above symphysis pubis Center IR to CR Collimate Shield gonads on males |
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Lateral projection of the Sacrum
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8 x 10 lengthwise
Patient in true lateral position Superimpose knees and flex them Place support between knees and ankles Place support under body to put spine horizontal to the table CR perpendicular @ level of ASIS & 3.5" posterior Place lead shield behind patient |
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AP Axial sacrum
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8 x 10 lengthwise
Adjust patient so there is no rotation of the pelvis Supine - CR 15 degrees cephalad, 2" above pubis at MSP Collimate Shield gonads on male patients |
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Coccygeal Cornua
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2 processes that project superiorly to articulate with sacral cornua
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Apex of coccyx
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Narrow, inferior portion
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Base of the coccyx
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Broader, superior portion
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Sacral cornua
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2 processes that project posterolateral & articulate with coccyx
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Aricular surface (of ala)
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Large process for articulation with the pelvis (forms SI joints)
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Ala of the sacrum
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Wing-like masses of each side of the base
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Pelvic sacral foramina
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Perforations for passage of nerves and vessels
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Sacral Promontory
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Prominent ridge on the base
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Sacrum Apex
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Narrow inferior portion
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Base of the sacrum
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Broad superior portion that articulates with L5
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Functional C-Spine studies demonstrate????
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Normal antero-posterior movement or absence of movement due to trauma or disease
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Pawlow Method
(lateral recumbent swimmer's) |
Center MCP to IR
Extend arm down above head Place top arm down by side and have patient relax shoulder down CR 3-5 degrees caudad @ level of C7/T1 (2" above jugular notch) Center IR to CR |
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Evaluation criteria for swimmer's or Twining Method
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Lateral vertebrae not appreciable rotated
Shoulders separated from each other See from about C5 to T4 Penetration of the shoulder region |
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When is a swimmer's/Twining method done??
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Only when the C7-T1 articulation is not demonstrated on the lateral
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Twining Method/swimmer's
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Erect or cross table
Patient in true lateral position 10 x 12 lengthwise Elevate arm adjacent to the IR Depress arm that is away from IR CR 5 degree caudad @ level of C7 (vertebral prominens) MCP to midline of IR |
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Structures shown on AP Axial Oblique C-Spine
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Demonstrates the IVF & pedicles farthest from the IR (side up)
Oblique projection of the bodies and other parts of the cervical vertebrae |
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AP Axial Oblique
C-spine |
10 x 12 lengthwise 72" SID
Erect or supine Adjust body at 45 degree oblique Turn head lateral Center IR to C3 Elevate chin CR 15 degrees cephalad to center of IR Suspend respiration |
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Fuch's Method
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8 x 10 lengthwise
Place patient supine Center IR to level of tip of mastiod process Extend chin until tip of chin and tip of mastoid process are vertical MSP perpendicular to IR CR perpendicular & enters just distal to the tip of the chin Suspend respiration |
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Ap Open Mounth
(Dens) |
Erect or supine
Occlusal plane perpendicular to IR Center to C2 thru open mouth Suspend respiration |
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Structures shown on lateral C-spine
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Lateral projection of cervical bodies & their interspaces
Articular pillars Lower 5 zygapophyseal joints Spinous processes Junction of C7 - T1 |
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Lateral C-Spine
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72" SID 10x12 lengthwise
True lateral position, shoulder against IR Top of IR about 1" above EAM (at top of ear) Depress shoulders and roll back Elevate chin to avoid superimposition of mandibular rami on spine Suspend respiration at end of expiration |
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AP Axial C-Spine
Structures shown |
Lower 5 cervical bodies & upper 2-3 thoracic bodies (L3 - T2/T3)
Interpediculate spaces Superimposed transverse & articular processes Intervertebral disk spaces |
