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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Verb Forms |
a. base (kick)
b. 3rd singular present: V-s (kicks) c. past: V-ed (kicked) d. progressive participle: V-ing (kicking) e. second participle: V-en (kicked/eaten) |
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Finite & Nonfinite Verbs |
a. Finite: verb form must stand alone (Some babies cry a lot)
b. Nonfinite: verb form needs an auxiliary when appearing as main verb in sentence (The baby is crying) |
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Simple Present Tense |
a. two forms for simple present tense (except to be): the base verb and the V-s form
b. [+finite] c. can imply a generalization d. can imply a habitual or frequently recurring activity e. verb w/ adverbial implies activity w/ time designated by adverbial |
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Simple Past Tense |
a. marked by -ed in regular verbs
b. irregular verbs = strong verbs (ran, came, hit) c. [+finite] |
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Auxiliaries |
a. helping words
b.VPs other than simple present or past tense have them c. when only one auxiliary in VP, it carries tense d. when more than one auxiliary in VP, first one carries tense |
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a
Modal Auxiliaries |
a. present: can, will, shall, may, must
b. past: could, would, should, might, x (=MA) c. can be used to indicate: permission, possibility, capability, necessity, obligation, expectation, doubt, intention, reaffirmation, or willingess |
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aa
Progressive Aspect |
a. feat. of verb that conveys various meaning and relationships, like: activity or process going on in present and continuing, future time, or activity or process going on in the past and not concluded at present time [+progressive]
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aaa
-Ing and -en |
a. -ing: nonfinite verb so can't be used alone as verb of sentence
b. -en: this form must be included with have auxiliaries |
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aaaa
Perfect Aspect |
a. denotes: activities completed in the past, may not co-occur w/ adverbials denoting a specific past time, though, like Saturday (Mom has left for New York)
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aaaaa
Past Tense Morpheme for Regular Inflection |
a. /t/ kicked
b. /d/ judged c. /ed/ bonded |
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b
Verb Morpheme -s |
a. /s/ kicks
b. /z/ rubs c. /es/ watches |