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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most frequently used mechanical ventilation?
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Positive pressure ventilators
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Name the 4 types of positive pressure ventilators?
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Volume, Pressure, Flow, Time cycled ventilators
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Vent mode used for pts who are apneic. Delivers preset volume no matter the breathing efforts of patient?
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Control vent (CV)
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Vent mode used for spontaneously breathing but weak respiratory muscles. Delivers a breath in response to pt. effort & if pt. doesn't breath in limits set, vent gives breath.
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Assist Control Vent (ACV)
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Vent mode used to wean pts from mechanical vent. Breaths fully in sync w/pts own resp effort?
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Synchronous Intermittent Mandatory Vent (SIMV)
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Vent mode used with SIMV during weaning. Has a preset pressure that changes with the breath effort & decreases the work of breathing.
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Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) or Pressure Controlled Ventilation (PCV)
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Vent mode used with CV, AC and SIMV to improve o2 by opening collapsed alveoli. Positive pressure applied at the end of expiration.
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Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
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Vent mode that maintains constant positive pressure to decrease resistance. Similar to PEEP but used only in spontaneously breathing.
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Constant Positive airway pressure (CPAP)
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The vent setting VT refers to what?
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the amount of 02 delivered with ea. breath. Normally about 10.
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Respiratory Rate vent setting (# of breaths min) is normally?
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4-10 min
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The % of oxygen given by vent with each breath. This setting is usually set at what?
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21-100%
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I/E ratio is the duration of inspiration to expiration time and is normally set at?
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1:2 usually
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Vent sensitivity determined the effort pt must make before vent gives a breath. If too low? If too high?
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low-pt will have to work harder
high-patient may fight the vent |
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Vent flow rate sets how fast VT will be given during inspiration. What if High? What if Low?
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Increased airway pressure if high
Decreased airway pressure if Low |
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Pressure limits set to reg max amt of pressure the vent uses to deliver VT. What happens to the mech ventilation when pressure limit reached?
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Stops giving ventilation
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Whats the term for vent overfill of the alveoli, rupture & leak. Cause pneumothorax, subq emphysema or crepitus?
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Barotrauma
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Hypotension can be caused by the use of ___ in vents.
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PEEP
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What GI problems are assoc w/use of mech ventilators?
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Stress ulcers bleeding, decreased nutrition, and paralytic ileus.
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After ET tube or trach placed what is high risk and what should be done?
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infection, good pulmonary cleaning
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Explain mechanism of high pressure alarms & give some causes?
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Something that prevents a ventilation from passing into pt, creating a back flow to vent (increased pressure) secretions block, kink in tube, cough, gagging, talking, bronchospasm, mucus plug
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Explain mechanism of low pressure alarms and some causes?
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no pressure/resistance met by ventilation; tubing disconnected, ET tube or trach came out
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High Resp Rate alarm can be caused by?
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Anxiety, pain, secretions, hypoxia, hypercapnia
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Low exhalation volume alarm can be caused by?
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circuit disconnected, leak in cuff, another alarm preventing delivery of breath.
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