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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Colubridae
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Non-poisonous
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Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix
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Southern copperhead
Antidote: Crofab- (cottenmouth + 3 Cro fabs) |
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Agkistrodon piscivorcus piscivorcus
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Eastern cottonmouth/ water moccasin
Similar to copperhead |
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Crotalus adamanteus
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Eastern diamondback
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Crotalus horridus horridus
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Timber (canebrake) rattler
Thrombocytopenia |
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Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus
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Mojave Rattler
Poten neurotoxins, fewer tissue-destructive Ags CN palsies Antidote: crofab |
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Sistrurus catenatus catenatus
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Eastern massasauga (pygmy rattler)
Same as diamondback Crofab |
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Micrurus fulvius fulvius
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Eastern coral snake
Red on yellow... Neurotxin, fasciculations... resp arrest |
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Micrurus fulvius tenere
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Texas (western) coral snake
Delayed neurotoxin |
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Micruroides euryxanthus
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Sonoran coral snake
Venom: less potent delayed neurotoxin |
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Heloderma suspectum
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Gila montster
Similar to crotalid supportive |
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Heloderma horridum
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Beaded lizard
Similar to Gila, but less systemic supportive care |
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Taricha granulosa
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Oregon rough-skinned newt
Venom: tetrodotoxin |
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Salamandra spp.
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Salamanders
potent CNS neurotoxin |
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Bufo alvarius
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Colorado River toad
Venom: bufotenines: serotonin agonists |
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Bufo marinus
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Cane toad
Venom: Bufotoxins Dx: dig-like |
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Latrodectus
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Black widow
Alpha latrotoxinL Ach release and presynaptic stimulation of all cholinergic receptors Painful red spots antidote: antivenin |
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Loxosceles reclusa
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brown recluse
Sphingomyelinase D Painless bite, necrotic ulcer an regional edema; 8 hrs. exchar one week systemic: f/n/chills/rash/ arthralgias, dic low platelets rx: microtubule inhibitors? dapsone? |
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Tegenaria agrestis
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Hobo spider
Locally cytotoxic- similar to brown recluse |
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Dugesiella henzi
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Tarantulas of SW;
venom: atpase, hyaluronidase |
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Atrax robustus
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Australian funnel web
Males more venemous than females (same as hobo spiders) venom: atraxotoxin: release of Ach, NE, Epi |
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Centroides sculpturatus
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Bark scorpion
Venom: complex with Achase, 5HT, hyaluronidase Dx: spreading parasthesia, restless shakes, chorea, palsies, dysarthrias rx: consider quinine, ASA, calcium gluconate |
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D. andersoni
D. variablis, Amblyomma americanum and maculatum |
Tick paralysis
venom: salivary gland, bulbospinal neurotoxin, Dx: LE weakness, then ascending paralysis, especially in long-haired girls???? |
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Hymenopetera (apids)
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Bees
Bombus sp (bees) name: honeybee, bumble bee, carpenter bee Venom: phospholipase A, hyaluronidase, mellitin, apamin, allergen C, mast cell degranulating peptide |
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Hymenoptera: Formicids
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Southern fire ants
venom: glucosaminidase, piperidines clinical: wheals followed by vesicles |
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Hymenoptera: vespids
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Wasps
venom: kinins, antigen S, Phospholipases, hyaluronidase, mast cell degranulating peptide |
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Hypersensitivity Type I
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Immediate anaphylaxis
IgE Bee stings, baker's asthma |
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Hypersensitivity Type II
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Complement fixation
IgM, IgG, Complement Onset: hours Transfusion reactions, trimetallic anhydrides |
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Hypersensitivity Type III
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Antigen Antibody Complex formation
IgM and IgG 12 hours to 1-2 weeks Serum sickness, HS, pneumonitis |
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Hypersensitivity Type IV
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Delayed HS cellular immunity
T-lymphocytes 24-72 hours Beryllium dis. Poison IV PPD |
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Lepidoptera
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Caterpillars
Saddleback moth- ibene stimulea Io Moth Autumneris Io Venom: Urticarial toxins Dx: Painful sting, white red papules rs: adhesive removal of spines |
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Megalopyge opercularis
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Puss moth caterpillar
n/v/shooting pain syncope possilbe |
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Tegrodera aloga
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Blister beetles
venom: cantharidin, an irritating skin and mucosal vesicant Dx: blistering, vesicular dermatitis, stomatitis, cystitis, hematuria, priapism, vaginal bleeding, spontaneous abortion |
