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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do vasodilators alter the cardiovascular system?
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decrease afterload by decreasing the systemic pressure
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What is the mechanism of action of Hydralazine?
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direct acting arterial dilator
-decreases Ca in vascular smooth muscle, decreasing the contraction and promoting vasodilation |
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What is the mechanism of action of Diltiazem and Amlodipine?
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Ca channel blockers
-negative chronotropy and negative inotropy |
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What is the mechanism of action of Carvedilol?
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beta and alpha-1 antagonist
- alpha-1 antagonism prevents vasodilation *may get bronchoconstriction etc as side effects (beta) |
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What are potential adverse effects of vasodilator drugs?
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reflex tachycardia, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, contractile depression
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List the 4 classes of antiarrhythmic drugs
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I- Na channel blockers
II- Beta blockers III- K channel blockers IV- Ca channel blockers |
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What are the divisions of Class I antiarrhythmics? Give examples of each.
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IA- prolong AP and slow conduction (Quinidine, Procainamide)
IB- decrease AP but lengthen refractory period (Lidocaine) |
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How do Class II antiarrhythmics work? Give examples.
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reduce sympathetic input to the SA node, decreasing phase IV slope and HR (Carvedilol, Propranolol)
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How do Class III antiarrhythmics work? Give examples.
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prolong phase 3 by decreasing K outflow, increasing the refractory period and causing a longer AP
*doesn't alter depolarization! (Sotalol, Amiodarone) |
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How do Class IV antiarrhythmics work? Give examples.
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decrease rate of spontaneous depolarization in AV and SA node by blocking Ca influx
(Diltiazem, Verapamil) |
