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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List three factors that increase MAC
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hypernatermia
hyperthermia increased levels of CNS NTs |
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What two electrolyte imbalances will cause MAC to decrease
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hypercalcemia
hyponatremia |
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When are the MAC values highest? What is the exception to this?
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infants 1-6 months
Sevo - first month |
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What is the acceptable level of N20? VA?
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25 ppm
2 ppm |
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The use of barbiturates is absolutely contraindicated in which two disease?
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porphyria
status asthmaticus |
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Rank the opioids from most to least lipid soluble
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sufentanil
fentanyl alfentanil demerol remi morphine |
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In what two ways do opioids produce spinal anesthesia
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presynaptically- decrease release of sub P
postsynaptically- decrease activity of neurons in the spinothalamic tracts |
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How does electrical stimulation of the periventricular and periaqueductal gray produce analgesia
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produces spinal analgesia via the dorsolateral tract
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Do opioids inhibit HPV
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no
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Rank the opioid from most to least potent
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sufentanil
remi fent alf morph demerol |
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What are the IV and IM doses of ketamine
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1.5 mg/kg
7 mg/kg |
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What additive is found in etomidate
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propylene glycol
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Which IV anesthetic agent is a single isomer
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etomidate
|
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Do opioids inhibit HPV
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no
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Rank the opioid from most to least potent
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sufentanil
remi fent alf morph demerol |
|
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What are the IV and IM doses of ketamine
|
1.5 mg/kg
7 mg/kg |
|
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What additive is found in etomidate
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propylene glycol
|
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Which IV anesthetic agent is a single isomer
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etomidate
|
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Where is propofol metabolized?
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liver
lungs |
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What agents potentiate amide toxicity
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VA
propranolol cimetidine |
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What four conditions decrease plasma cholinesterase
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pregnancy
liver disease first 6 months of life atypical plasma cholinesterase |
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Which LA are chiral
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bupiv
levobupiv mepiv ropiv |
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Which local anesthetics are pure S entantomers
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levobupiv
ropiv |
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Which 2 LA are racemic mixtures
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bupiv
mepiv |
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What is the dose for epi when used with LA
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3-5 mcg/kg
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Which 2 LA are racemic mixtures
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bupiv
mepiv |
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What are the 2 classifications of ND NMB and how do you distinguish the two
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benzylisoquinoliniums and steroid derivatives
steroids end in -curonium |
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What are four drugs that potentiate ND NMB
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mag
aminoglycosides (neomycin, streptomycin) dantrolene Ca channel blockers |
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What group of antibiotics most enhance NMB? How?
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polymixins
postsynaptically |
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What is the dose for epi when used with LA
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3-5 mcg/kg
|
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What are the 2 classifications of ND NMB and how do you distinguish the two
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benzylisoquinoliniums and steroid derivatives
steroids end in -curonium |
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What are four drugs that potentiate ND NMB
|
mag
aminoglycosides (neomycin, streptomycin) dantrolene Ca channel blockers |
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What group of antibiotics most enhance NMB? How?
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polymixins
postsynaptically |
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How does Lasix interact with NMB?
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Lasix decreases cAMP thereby decreasing calcium -> AcH release thereby enhancing NMB
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What are 6 metabolic/electrolyte disturbances that enhance NMB
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resp acidosis
met alkalosis hypothermia hypercalcemia hypokalemia hypermagnesemia |
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How does phenytoin react with NMB?
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decreases ND NMB
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What affect does carbamazepine have on ND NMB?
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decreases ND NMB
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How does succs given before ND NMB enhance the action of NDNMB
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contributes to phase 2 blockade
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How is cholinergic syndrome diagnoses?
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edrophonium is administered.
worse = cholinergic crisis better = myasthenic crisis |
