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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pt with neuro deficits + acute renal failure + hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia
Most likely dx? Tx? |
TTP-HUS
Tx: plasma exchange (plasmaharesis) Plt transfusion is CONTRAINDICATED |
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Pt with chronic headaches and painless hematuria
Most likely dx? |
Analgesic Nephropathy
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Pt with palpable purpura + proteinuria + hematuria + decreased complement levels
Most likely dx? Next step? |
Mixed essential cryoglobulinemia
Next step: Test for HCV (most have underlying HCV) |
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Gram negative rods that cause pneumonia?
At risk pts? Tx? |
- Pseudomonas
- intubated patients (nosocomial), exposure to contaminated water faucets, pools, plant products - 4th gen cephalosporin (cefepime), Cipro, aminoglycosides, Pip-tazo |
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mobile cavitary mass
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Aspergilloma
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stellate purpura with gunmental grey seen in?
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meningococcemia
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endometritis tx (abx)
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clinda + gent
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hearing loss + elevated alk phos
likely dx? |
Paget's
- elevated alk phos but normal Ca and Phos |
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neuro deficits in subarachnoid hemorrhage
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no focal neuro deficits!
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most common site of hypertensive hemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke from htn)
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basal ganglia - particularly putamen
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normal liver span
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6-12 cm in midclavicular line
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antiemetic that causes extrapyramidal symptoms and neuroleptic malignant syndrome
tx? |
Metaclopramide
Tx: D/C med and give Diphenhydramine/ or Benztropine |
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ear fullness is particularly suggestive of...?
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meniere's (inner ear disease)
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Kaposi sarcoma caused by...?
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Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV 8)
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recurrent oral ulcers, recurrent genital ulcers, vision problems (uveitis), painful skin ulcers (nodules)
dx? tx? complication? |
- Behcet's syndrome
- steroids only for symptomatic relief - progresses to dementia/blindness |
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diarrhea after ingestion of seafood.
bug? |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
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syphilis tx if allergic to PCN
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PO Azithromycin x1
or 2weeks or PO Doxycyline |
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JAK2 mutation found in
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Polycythemia vera
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RMSF tx?
RMSF tx in pregnant? |
Doxycycline
If pregnant -- Chloramphenicol |
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Legionnaire's tx
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Erythromycin
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intravascular hemolysis labs
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elevated LDH and bili
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intravascular hemolysis + vein thrombosis
dx? |
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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Pamidronate - what is it and what is it used for?
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bisphosphonate, for long-term treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy
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salicylate intoxication symptoms
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tinnitus, n/v, fever, AMS, acidosis
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serotonin syndrome symptoms
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tachycardia, diaphoresis, dilated pupils, hyperthermia
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vertical nystagmus - intoxication of?
horizontal nystagmus - intoxication of? |
vertical - PCP (phencyclidine)
horizontal - PCP, phenytoin |
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theophylline toxicity symptoms
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n/v, hypotension, seizures, hyperthermia, arrhythmias
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diphenhydramine intoxication symptoms
tx? |
drowsiness, confusion, ataxia, blurry vision, pupil dilation, dry mouth, urinary retention)
(i.e. anti-cholinergic effects) tx: cholinesterase inhibitor: physostigmine |
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+Prussian blue = meaning?
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indicates hemosiderin = hemolysis
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chondrocalcinosis seen in?
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pseudogout
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COX-2 mechanism, advantages, risks, example
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mech: selective cox-2 inhibitor
adv: no GI effects, no hemostatsis effects risks: heart disease ex: Celecoxib |
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tx for malignant otitis externa
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cipro
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type of lung CA associated with SIADH
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small cell CA
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EARLY side effect of levodopa/carbidopa
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hallucinations, confusion, somnolence
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LATE side effects of levodopa/carbidopa (>5-10years)
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involuntary movements: dyskinesia, dystonia
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Livedo reticularis side effect of which rx?
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amantidine
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If null value is INSIDE the CI --> significant or not?
If null value is OUTSIDE the CI --> significant or not |
If inside --> NOT significant
if outside --> Significant |
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amoxicillin coverage
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gram-positives, HELPSS (H. flu, E. coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella)
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tachy-brady sinusoidal fetal tracing dx?
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ruptured fetal umbilical vessel
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permanent dilation of bronchi
dx? how to dx? |
bronchiectasis
- high-res CT |
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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome tx? (Name three, mechanism)
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Dantrolene (muscle relaxant) - 1st line
Bropmocriptine (dopamine agonist) Amantidine (antiviral with dopaminergic properties) |
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B12 vs folate deficiency --> labs?
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both have increased homocysteine
only b12 deficiency has elevated methylmalonic acid |
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patients who need B6 supplement
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TB pts treated with INH
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B6 deficiency symptoms
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peripheral neuropathy, seizures, sideroblastic anemia
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bug in infective endocarditis in pt with prosthetic valve
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Staph epidermidis
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bug in infective endocarditis in pt with diseased valve (subacute)
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Strep viridans
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most common CA from asbestosis
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bronchogenic carcinoma
(note: asbestosis is the only RF for mesothelioma, but bronchogenic carcinoma is the most common lung CA from asbestosis) |
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intox with ? lead to prolonged QRS
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TCAs
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TRAP stain for?
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hairy cell leukemia (TRAP the HAIRy animal)
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ok to breastfeed with hepatitis- Y/N?
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Yes
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cushing's abnormal electrolyte
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hypokalemia
(cushings: elev cortisol -> elev aldo -> Na reabsorption and K wasting -> hypokalemia) |
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femoral bowing dx
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Paget's
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severe wheezing after taking NSAID or ASA
dx? other symptoms and findings? |
Aspirin exacerbated resp dz
symptoms: wheezing, recurrent nasal discharge, recurrent nasal congestion, NASAL POLYPS -> bland taste |
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nosebleed during pregnancy. dx?
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pyogenic granuloma
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bug in UTI with long indwelling catheter
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Proteus -> very basic urine pH
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electrolyte abnormality in subarachnoid hemorrhage
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cerebral salt wasting -> hyponatremia
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COPD vs emphysema (DLCO and slang)
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COPD = blue bloater, normal DLCO
Emphysema = pink puffer, decreased DLCO |
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ards - resp alkalosis or acidosis?
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resp alkalosis (decreased O2 transfer, decreased CO2 due to decreased ventilation)
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Decreased leukocyte alk phos seen in?
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1. CML
2. PNH 3. Hypophosphatemia |
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Positive Alpha-naphthyl esterase test
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acute monocytic leukemia
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+PAS stain
+PAS reaction |
Whipple's disease
lymphoblasts |
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name aminoglycosides.
coverage toxic effects? |
Gentamycin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin
covers for Gram-negative rods (including pseudomonas) causes nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, teratogenic |
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palpable bilateral abdominal masses + hematuria + HTN + headaches
dx? common complication? |
ADPKD
- intracranial berry aneurysm |
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trastuzumab aka?
complication/SE? |
Herceptin
cardiotoxic -> need Echo before starting |
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location of a purely sensory stroke
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thalamus (VPL nucleus)
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location of purely motor stroke
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internal capsule
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vaginismus tx
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kegel and gradual dilation/desensitization with fingers, dilators, etc.
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cat scratch tx
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po azithromycin
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tx for primary biliary cirrhosis
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Ursodeoxycholic acid - choice; slows dz progression
methotrexate and colchicine with some benefit liver transplant for advanced dz and the only definitive tx (7-10 yr survival without transplant) |
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corn-based diet typically deficient in _?
symptoms? |
niacin deficiency
- pellagra: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, (and death) |
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tamoxifen - increased risk for which type of CA
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endometrial CA
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toxoplasmosis in HIV - tx?
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sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
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cause of painless hematuria in sickle cell patients
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papillary ischemia
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describe TBG and thyroid hormone changes in pregnancy
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increase in estrogen in pregnancy causes increase in TBG -> so increased TOTAL T3 and T4 (TBG binds most of the thyroid hormones) but FREE T3,4 remain normal
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chalazion tx
vs hordeolum tx |
chalazion - incision and curettage
hordeoulum - warm compress, I&d if doesnt resolve in 48hrs |
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uti in indwelling foley pts. bug?
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proteus - very basic urine.
klebsiella and candida also common - but urine not alkaline. |
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HOCM pattern of inheritance
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AD
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osteomyelitis in kids - bugs
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S. aureus
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Increased leukocyte alk phos
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Leukomoid reaction
vs decreased leukocyte phos in CML |
