Uworld

Front 1

What in cancer precipitates NBTE (nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis)?

Back 1

Marantic Endocarditis: Hypercoagulability due to procoagulant circulating cancer products

Front 2

What is Trousseau's Sx?

Back 2

Migratory Thrombophlebitis due to disseminated cancer causing Hypercoagulability

Front 3

Actions of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)?
(2)

Back 3

-Peripheral vasodilation
-Increased urinary excretion of Na and H20

Front 4

Dx
Clubbing and cyanosis of toes but not fingers

Back 4

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Front 5

How to make LVOT obstruction (e.g. HCOM) louder?

Quieter?

Back 5

Louder:
1) Decrease preload (e.g. sudden stand or Valsalva)

Quieter:
1) Increase preload (squatting, lying supine)
2) Decrease pressure gradient across valve by increasing SVR with hand grip or vasoconstriction

Front 6

S/e of Hydralazine

How to avoid

Back 6

Arterial vasodilation --> relfex sympathetic tachycardia and salt retention

Give with Diuretics and sympatholytics

Front 7

Ion that causes Phase 0 depolarization in
Pacemaker cells:
All other heart cells:

Back 7

Pacemaker cells: Ca (voltage gated)
All other heart cells: Na (voltage gated)

Front 8

Collagen type in scars replaces what in granulation tissue?

Back 8

Type I scar replaces Type III granulation tissue

Front 9

Which antiarrythmic class slows K efflux prolonging repolarization and prolonging refractory period?

Back 9

Class III

Front 10

Fick's Eq

Back 10

O2 consumed/ (SaO2-SvO2)

Front 11

Nitrate signalling pathway

Back 11

Nitrate converted to NO by vascular smooth muscle --> Inc cGMP --> Dec Ca --> Myosin dephosphorylation

Front 12

Dosing concern re: Nitrates

Back 12

Must have nitrate-free period every day to avoid TOLERANCE

Front 13

Which artery occluded
II, III, AVF elevations

Back 13

RCA

Front 14

Etio of Senile Aortic Stenosis

Back 14

Calcium deposits in leaflets

Front 15

Causes of Aortic Valve problems
1) AS, 70s or older
2) AS, 50s-60s
3) AS + AI, younger
4) AR only

Back 15

1) AS, 60s or more --> Senile calcific AS
2) AS, 50s or younger --> Congenital bicuspid AV valve
3) AS + AI --> Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
4) AR only --> Acute Infectious Endocarditis

Front 16

Channel problem in Long QT

Back 16

Decreased outward K current prolongs repol --> polymorphic VT (e.g. Torsades)

Front 17

What happens to baroreceptor firing when hypertensive?

Back 17

Increased firing

Front 18

Cardiac injury to low perfusion

Back 18

Chronic low perfusion or repetitive low grade ischemia --> Myocardial stunning --> Repetitive stunning --> Myocardial hibernation

Front 19

Dx
Mitral regurg in underdeveloped country

Back 19

Rheumatic fever

Front 20

ANP production by ventricles (vs atria) is caused by what?
(2)

Back 20

1) Ventricular hypertrophy
2) Volume overload

Front 21

Light microscopy after MI:
0-4 hrs =
4-12 hrs =
12-24 hrs =
1-5 days =
5-10 days =
10-14 days =
14+ days =

Back 21

0-4 hrs = minimal change
4-12 hrs = edema, wavy fibers
12-24 hrs = coag necrosis, contraction band necrosis
1-5 days = coag necrosis with neutros
5-10 days = Macro phagocytosis of dead cells
10-14 days = granulation tissue and neovascularization
14+ days = collagen deposition/scar

Front 22

Effect of nitrates on Pressure Volume Loop

Back 22

Nitrates cause venous and arterial vasodilation decreasing both Preload and Afterload maintaing SV

Front 23

Dx
Endocarditis following GU manipulation (foley etc)

Back 23

Enteroccocal endocarditis

Front 24

Which structures dilate in
VSD?
ASD?

Back 24

VSD - LA
ASD - RA and RV (+/- PAs Eisenmenger)

Front 25

Prognostic (and cyanotic) determinant of TOF

Back 25

Degree of Pulmonary Stenosis

Front 26

Dx
Early diastolic murmur

Back 26

AI

Front 27

Dx
Facial rash, proteinuria, CP worse with inspiration

Back 27

Pericarditis
(Serosal inflammation of Lupus)

Front 28

Causes of Pulm HTN in congestive HF
(2)

Back 28

1) Back pressure log from L heart
2) Reactive vasoconstriction 2/2 VENOUS Congestion

Front 29

Histologic sign in Acute Graft Rejection

Back 29

Dense interstitial Lymphoyctic infiltrate

Front 30

Ischemic changes to heart
0-1 min:
1-30 min:
30+ min:

Back 30

0-1 min = Loss of contractility w/in 60 seconds
1-30 min = Reversible injury with reperfusion
30+ min = Irreversible injury

Front 31

What is the only GI ulcer NOT associated with malignancy?

Back 31

Duodenal

Front 32

What microorgnaism destroys myenteric plexus leading to achalasia, megacolon, or megaureter

Back 32

Trypansoma cruzi = Chagas Disease

Front 33

MOA
VIPoma Tx

Back 33

Somatostatin --| VIP which itself would otherwise inhibit Gastrin

Front 34

Where is H pylori most concentrated in GI tract?

Back 34

Prepyloric area

Front 35

Dx
Palpable but non-tender Gallbladder (courvoisier sign), weight loss, jaundice, dark urine, pale stool

Back 35

Pancreatic cancer

Front 36

Dx
Colon: Numerous discrete flask shaped ulcerative lesions on endoscopy, Trophozoites containing RBCs on biopsy

Back 36

Entamoeba Histolytica

Front 37

Dx
Colon: Spindle shaped tumor cells with small vessel proliferation on biopsy

Back 37

Kaposi Sarcoma

Front 38

Dx
Oxidase positive, gram negative, comma shaped rods on ALKALINE media, in gut

Back 38

Cholera

Front 39

Dx
Diarrhea, mucus and some epithelial cells on microscopy
(2)

Back 39

Cholera or ETEC

Front 40

Dx, Mech
Abdominal pain and distension, vomiting, air in GB and biliary tree

Back 40

Gallstone ileus after Cholecystenteric Fistula

(Gallstone crosses fistula and blocks ileocecal valve)

Front 41

How to get B12 after gastrectomy

Back 41

IV B12 for life

Front 42

Tx
Giardia

Back 42

Metronidazole

Front 43

Dx
Stool sample shows ellipsoidal cysts with smooth walls and 2+ nuclei

Back 43

Giardia

Front 44

S/e of Opioids on Biliary system

Back 44

Sphincter of Oddi contraction --> Biliary colic (pain)

Front 45

Which cell does Shigella first invade?

Back 45

M cells in Peyer's Patches

Front 46

Most likely adenoma tupe to progress to colon cancer?

Back 46

Villous adenoma

Front 47

Dx
Mucin producing, signet ring neoplatic cell in ovarian stroma

Back 47

Krukenberg tumor (Gastric cancer metastasized to ovary)

Front 48

Dx
Postprandial pain 30-40 min after meal, hx of atherosclerosis

Back 48

Atherosclerotic mesenteric ischemia

Front 49

Most common structural abnormality if imperforate anus

Back 49

UG tract defects

Front 50

Dx
Longitudinal mucosal tears at GE junction

Back 50

Mallory Weiss tear

Front 51

Activators of HCl production
(3)

Back 51

1) ACh
2) Hisatmine
3) Gastrin

Front 52

Structure trapped in Superior Mesenteric artery sx

Back 52

Transverse duodenum between SMA and Aorta

Front 53

Most likely organism in intraabdominal infxn
(2)

Back 53

B Fragilis > E. coli

Front 54

Mech of Vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus

Back 54

D-Lactate substitution for D-Ala in peptidoglycan wall

Front 55

Dx
Garlic odor on breath

Back 55

Arsenic poisoning

Front 56

Tx
Arsenic poisoning

Back 56

Dimercaprol

Front 57

Dx
Foamy macrophages packed with rod shaped baccili and PAS positive granules

Back 57

Whipple's Disease (Tropheryma whippeli)

Front 58

What 3 things increase oxygen affinity?

Back 58

1) Increased pH
2) Decreased 2,3-BPG
3) Decreased temperature

Front 59

Tx
Heparin overdose

Back 59

Protamine

Front 60

Dx
Leukemia, mediastinal mass causing respiratory sx, dysphagia, and superior vena cava sx

Back 60

T cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Front 61

S/e of AZT (zidovudine)

Back 61

Neutropenia

Front 62

Lab values in HUS
RBC
Plt
Bleeding Time
LDH
Coags

Back 62

RBC - Lo
Plt - Lo
Bleeding Time - Long
LDH - Hi
Coags - nL

Front 63

Dx
Subretinal fluid, gray subretinal membrane or neovascularization

Back 63

Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration

Front 64

Tx
Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration

Back 64

Anti VEGF

Front 65

Steroid effect on Hct

Back 65

Increased independent of concurrent EPO usage

Front 66

DIC vs TTP in HUS
Bleeding:
What is activated?
Coags:
Fibrinogen:

Back 66

DIC
Bleeding: Yes
What is activated? Coag cascade
Coags: PT and PTT long
Fibrinogen: Low fibrinogen

TTP-HUS
Bleeding: No
What is activated? Only plts
Coags: nL
Fibrinogen: nL

Front 67

Dx
Gingival bleeding, epistaxis, menorrhagia

Back 67

von Willebrands

Front 68

Dx
Decreased plt aggregation with RISTOCETIN

Back 68

von Willebrands

Front 69

What supplement can mitigate Folate/B12 deficiency?

Back 69

Thymidine

Front 70

Labs in Abnormal bleeding due to lack of dialysis

Back 70

Uremia --> QUALITATIVE plt disorder so:
1) nL plts
2) nL PT
3) nL PTT
4) LONG Bleeding time

Front 71

How does Nitrite poisoning work?
*NB NOT NitrAtes

Back 71

Oxidize heme iron causing Methemoglobinemia

Front 72

Which organ senses hypoxia for increasing Hct?

Back 72

Kidney's Renal cortical cells

Front 73

Dx
t(15;17) --> PML/RARalpha

Back 73

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Front 74

Which enzyme can synthesize ribose from fructose-6-phosphate?

Back 74

Transketloase

Front 75

What cells regulate total body iron?

Back 75

Hepatic parenchymal cells via Hepcidin

Front 76

Translocation in AML

Back 76

t(15;17)

Front 77

Dx
Many immature cells (band forms, metamyelocytes, myelocytes) and few blasts, Leukocyte Alk Phos low

Back 77

CML

If Alk Phos nL or High = Leukemoid reaction

Front 78

Dx
Elderly patient with chronic anemia without identifiable underlying cause

Back 78

Usually B12 malabsorption

Front 79

Heme and Glucose inhibit poryphyrin synthesis where?

Back 79

delta-ALA synthase (first step)

Front 80

What causes the power stroke?

Back 80

First 40 degrees of deflection - Pi dissociation
Next 5 degrees of deflection - ADP dissociation

Front 81

What products are released during Labor to induce uterine tone?

Back 81

PGE2 and PGF2
Effin'/******' labor

Front 82

How do NSAIDs and ASA cause renal damage?

Back 82

Block Prostaglandin production which normally dilates Afferent Arterioles --> Renal ischemia --> Renal failure

Front 83

Defense mechanism
Redirection of emotion from person or object causing negative emotion to more acceptable but still inappropriate person or object

Back 83

Displacement

Front 84

Defense mechanism:
Redirection of emotion from person or object causing negative emotion to more Acceptable AND Appropriate person or object

Back 84

Sublimation

Front 85

Defense mechanism:
Unacceptable or personally disagreeable impulses or drives are attributed to others

Back 85

Projection

Front 86

Defense mechanism:
Unacceptable feelings are ignored and the opposite sentiment is expressed

Back 86

Reaction Formation
(Ben)

Front 87

Prescreen for use of TNF-alpha inhibitor (e.g. etarnecept)

Back 87

PPD for latent TB

Front 88

Prescreen for use of Methotrexate or Leflunomide

Back 88

LFTs

Front 89

Lab monitoring while on Hydroxychloroquine

Back 89

Ophthalmologic vists for Irreverisble retinal damage

Front 90

Dx
Sudden upward stretching of arm at the shoulder, hand clumsiness

Back 90

Lower trunk of Brachial nerve plexus injury

Front 91

Dx
Shoulder dislocation, weak deltoid and teres minor

Back 91

Axillary n. injury

Front 92

Dx
Midshaft humerus fracture

Back 92

Radial n. injury

Front 93

Dx
Violent stretching of head from shoulder, weakness of forearm flexion

Back 93

Upper brachial n plexus injury --> Musculocutaneous n. injury

Front 94

Dx
Nerve damage during axillary lymph node dissection

Back 94

Long thoracic n.

Front 95

Positive externality of this drug is to increase Ca resorption within nephron for women with comorbid osteoperosis

Back 95

HCTZ

Front 96

Tx
Acute Gout
1st
2nd
Alternative

Back 96

1st - NSAIDs
2nd - Colchicine
Alternative - Glucocorticoids for contraindications to NSAIDs

Front 97

Dx
Wound with fruity odor

Back 97

Infection with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Front 98

Mech of Hypokalemia in antihypertensives

Back 98

IF NOT K sparing:
Decreased blood volume --> Inc Aldosteron --> Na keeping/K wasting

Front 99

A. acid composition of Collagen

Back 99

Gly-X-Y
X and Y are usually proline and lysine but not as commonly as Glycine

Front 100

Dx
Necrotic skin wound with erythematous border and necrotic center

Back 100

Anthrax

Front 101

Which IL causes Antibody Istoype Switching?

Back 101

IL-4

Front 102

Dx
Recurrent otitis media, chronic diarrhea, FTT, and pneumocystis infxn

Back 102

SCID

Front 103

Dx
Child with recurrent otitis media, bronchitis, and sinusitis

Back 103

Immmotile Cilia Syndrome

Front 104

Dx
Recurrent cutaneous abscesses

Back 104

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Front 105

What does Candida Skin Test test?

Back 105

Cell mediated immune response
(Macros, NK cells, CD4+, CD8+)

Front 106

Dx
Subperiosteal hematomas, painful gums

Back 106

Vit C def

Front 107

Dx
Cheilosis, stomatitis, glossitis, corneal vascularization

Back 107

VitB2 (Riboflavin) def

Front 108

Dx
Acrodermatitis enteropathica, growth retardation, infertility

Back 108

Zinc def

Front 109

Dx
Cheilosis, glossitis, dermatitis, and peripheral neuropathy

Back 109

VitB6 (Pyridoxine) def

Front 110

Dx
Erythematous, pruritic papules, vesicles and bullae that appear bilaterally symmetrically on flexor surfaces

Back 110

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Front 111

Dx
Mental retardation, eczema, "mousy" odor

Back 111

PKU (Phenylketonuria)

Front 112

Inheritance of PKU

Back 112

Autosomal Recessive

Front 113

Cause of Peau d'orange

Back 113

Tumor blocks Lymphatic drainage --> lymphedema, pitting and thickening of skin

Front 114

What causes nipple/skin retraction in breast ca?

Back 114

Infiltration of Suspensory (Cooper's) Ligament

Front 115

S/e
Topical corticosteroid cream

Back 115

Dermal atrophy

Front 116

Dx
BRAF V600E mutation

Back 116

Melanoma

Front 117

Dx
Intranuclear inclusions and Multinucleated inclusion-bearing giant cells

Back 117

Shingles

Front 118

Only Antiviral that doesn't need phosphorylating enzymes to work

Back 118

Cidofovir

Front 119

Which RNA polymerase makes rRNA?

mRNA?

tRNA?

Back 119

rRNA = RNA Pol I

mRNA = Pol II

tRNA = Pol III

Front 120

Dx
Basal cell layer atypia, hyperkeratosis, and parakeratosis

Back 120

Actinic Keratosis (small percentage progress to SCC)

Front 121

Dx
Nests of Basaloid cells and Peripheral Palisading of nuclei

Back 121

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Front 122

Dx
Thin stratum granulosum, prominent parakeratotic stratum corneum with occasional foci of neutrophil accumulation

Back 122

Psoriasis

Front 123

Tx
Male pattern baldness

Back 123

Finasteride

Front 124

What is a 90 nt RNA sequence with pseudouridien and acetylcytosine?

Back 124

tRNA

Front 125

What is at 3' end of tRNA

Back 125

CCA where a. acids attach

Front 126

S/e
Pseduolymphoma

Back 126

Phenytoin

Front 127

S/e
Agranulocytosis
(2)

Back 127

1) Carbamazepine
2) Clozapine

Front 128

S/e
Steven Johnson Sx

Back 128

Lamotrigine

Front 129

What enables E Coli to cause meningitis

Back 129

K-1 antigen in capsule

Front 130

MOA
Tetradotoxin

Back 130

Antagonizes Voltage Gated Na Channels in nerve and cardiac tissue

Front 131

Dx
Confusion, agitation, tremor, tachycardia, HTN, clonus, hyperreflexia, hyperthermia and diaphoresis

Back 131

Serotonin Syndrome

Front 132

Tx
Serotonin Syndrome

Back 132

Cyrpoheptadine

Front 133

Which fatty acids cannot be beta oxidized as is by mitochondria?

Where are they metabolized

Back 133

Very long chain fatty acids
and
Fatty acids with branch points at odd-numbered carbons

Metabolized in PEROXISOMES

Front 134

Schizophrenia spectrum by time:

Back 134

0-1 mo = Brief Psychotic Disorder
2-6 mo = Schizophreniform Disorder
6+ mo = Schizophrenia

Front 135

Tx
Heat induced seizure

Back 135

Cooling blankets

Front 136

Meningococcal meningitis prophylaxis

Back 136

Rifampin

Front 137

Neurofibromatosis is a tumor of what cells?

What are their embryological origin?

Back 137

Schwann cells

From Neural crest

Front 138

What accounts for Alpha helical or Beta pleated sheet structure

Back 138

Hydrogen bonds

Front 139

How does thiopental allow such short unconscious periods when used as anasthetic?

Back 139

Rapid redistribution of the lipid soluble substance allows awakening within 5-10 minutes of administration

Front 140

MOA
Ethosuximide

Back 140

Blocks T-type Ca channels in Thalamus

Front 141

What causes Meningoencephalitis in HIV pts?

Back 141

Cryptococcus neoformans

Front 142

Dx
Polysaccharide capsule antigen

Back 142

Cryptococcus neoformans

Front 143

Histology of
Cryptococcus neoformans

Back 143

Round or oval budding yeast

Front 144

What has happened when neurons have enlargement of cell body, eccentric nucleus, big nucleolus, and dispersion of Nissl substance?

Back 144

Axonal injury to the neuron

Front 145

What has happened to neuron:
Shrinkage of cell body, loss of Nissl substnace, eosinophilic cytoplasm.

Back 145

Cell death or Irreverisble injury (Red Neuron)

Front 146

What has happened to neuron:
Loss of neurons and functional groups of neurons, Reactive gliosis

Back 146

Neuronal atrophy

Front 147

Dx
Encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke like episdoes

Back 147

MELAS (it's in the name!)
A mitochondrial disease

Front 148

Dx
Down and out Eye BUT PERRLA

Back 148

Ischemia of CNIII (sparing PS fibers on outside of nerve)

Front 149

Dx
Behavioral disinhibition, progressive dementia, dysarthria, echolalia or aphasia

Back 149

Pick's Disease

(The last 3 are types of speech difficulty they present with)

Front 150

Rule for language barrier pts:

Back 150

If NON-emergent always wait for a trained Objective interpreter

Front 151

Autonomic effect on Insulin secretion

Back 151

Alpha - inhibit insulin secretion
Beta - Stimulate insulin secretion

Front 152

Function of pilus in Meningococci

Back 152

Epithelial attachment to the Pharynx

Front 153

What does blood anesthetic concentration tell us?

Arteriovenous concentration gradient ?

Significance?

Back 153

in Blood = Solubility

AV gradient = Tissue solubility

In both, the higher the slower the onset of action

Front 154

Dx
Child with brain tumor, sheets of small blue cells, often in vermis

Back 154

Medulloblastoma

Front 155

Dx
Brian tumor in child, rosettes

Back 155

Ependymoma

Front 156

Tx
Absence + Tonic clonic seizures

Back 156

Valproic acid

Front 157

Tx
EtOH withdrawal

If Liver disease:

Back 157

1st line: Long acting Benzos (Diazepam)

Advanced Liver disease: Short acting Benzos (Lorazepam, oxazepam)

Front 158

Advantage of Buspirone for anxiety

Back 158

Non-sedating

Front 159

Elevated in Klinefelter's
Why?

Back 159

FSH due to gonadal failure (lack of negative feedback

Front 160

CA-125 is a biomarker specifically for what?

Back 160

Ovarian EPITHELIAL tumor cells

Front 161

Loss to follow up is what kind of bias?

Back 161

Selection bias

Front 162

In the ovary
Androstenedione is produced by what?
Estrogen is produced by what?

Back 162

Androgens by Theca INTERNA
Estrogen by Granulosa cells

Front 163

Triad of Preeclampsia

Back 163

1) HTN
2) Proteinuria
3) Edema

Front 164

What are the 5 types of DCIS?
1) Solid sheets of pleomorphic high grade cells with central necrosis

Back 164

1) Comedocarcinoma
2) Solid
3) Cribiform
4) Papillary
5) Micropapillary

Front 165

What prevents lactation DURING pregnancy

Back 165

High levels of Progesterone and Estrogen

Front 166

What type of Ig is Rhogam?

Back 166

IgG
(hence dosed to small amount of fetal blood in mom, bc too much cause immune reaction after crossing placenta)

Front 167

Why is Rhogam IgG?

Back 167

Fc region of IgG has highest affinity for phagocytic cells

Front 168

Dx
Pregnant mother with maculopapular rash that begins on head and neck and moves to chest, postauricular lymphadenopathy

Back 168

Maternal Rubella (German measles)

Front 169

Birth defects with Maternal Rubella (German Measles)
(3)

Back 169

Sensorineural deafness, cataracts, and cardiac malformations

Front 170

Cell type in ovary?

Back 170

Simple cuboidal

Front 171

What hormone is mainly responsible for Gestational Diabetes?

Back 171

hPL (Human Placental Lactogen)

Front 172

Histology of Endometrius by place in menstrual cycle:
1) Glycogen rich mucus, edematous endometrial stroma, tortuous spiral arteries
2) Coiled glands with occasional cytoplasmic vacuoles
3) Compact, non-edematous stroma, endometrial glands long but straight, coiled arteries are deep
4) Eroded, hemorrhagic endometrial surface with disintegrating stroma and glands

Back 172

1) Luteal phase
2) Ovulation
3) Proliferative phase
4) After menses

Front 173

How long after fertilization to detect hCG?

Back 173

8 days

Front 174

Draw the Internal external genitalia tree for males!

Back 174

SRY, TDF, Testes, Sertoli cells, MIF, Paramesonephric ducts, Leydig cells, Testosterone, internal genitalia, DHT, external genitalia
Notebook 66

Front 175

Which stage of Meisosis arrestment?
Egg in ovary -
Egg selected for ovulation -
Ovulated egg waiting for fertilization -

Back 175

Egg in ovary - Prophase I
Egg selected for ovulation - between the two
Ovulated egg waiting for fertilization - Metaphase II

Front 176

Lymph drainage
Testes -
Scrotum -

Back 176

Testes - Paraoartic lymph nodes
Scrotum - Superficial Inguinal lymp nodes

Front 177

Dx
Uterus filled with large, edematous, vesicular structures that look like a bunch of grapes

Back 177

Complete molar pregnancy

Front 178

What to treat
Gonorrhea -
Chlamydia -

Back 178

Gonorrhea - 3rd gen Cephalosporing
Chlamydia - Azithromycin or Doxy

Front 179

Dx
33 yr old woman, not pregnant, vaginal bleeding, right adnexal mass, endometrial hyperplasia

Back 179

Granulosa cell tumor

Front 180

Which nerve is blocked at the ischial spine in childbirth?

Back 180

Pudendal nerve

Front 181

Which nerves can be blocked for completeblockage of perineal and genital anethesia in addition to Pudendal?
(2)

Back 181

Genitofemoral
and
Illioinguinal

Front 182

Tx
Infertility in PCOS

Back 182

Estrogen receptor modulator (e.g. Clomiphene)

Front 183

Why is PaO2 in L atrium less than in Pulmonary capillaries?

Back 183

Bronchial arteries mix their deoxygenated blood into the oxygenated pulmonary veins

Front 184

Which bug causes Chronic PNA in ImmunoCOMPETENT hosts?

Back 184

Blastomycosis dermatitidis

Front 185

Abx consideration in Mycoplasma

Back 185

NO CELL WALL so cant' use penicillins, cephs, penems, or vanc
USE Tetracycline or Erythromycin

Front 186

Dx
Frequent infxns from all 3 types of bugs, no Ig, no thymus

Back 186

SCID

Front 187

Dx
Fungus ball in lung

Back 187

COLONIZING Aspergillus

Front 188

Dx
Lung infection with 45 degree hyphae

Back 188

Aspergillus

Front 189

MOA of Vareniclin
(2 effects)

Back 189

Partial Agonist of Nicotinic ACh receptors
1) Decreases cravings
2) Makes nicotine less pleasurable

Front 190

Dx
Lung sputum, germ tubes (aka true hyphae)

Back 190

Candida Albicans
Contaminant, NOT a true INFXN

Front 191

What makes up R border of heart on CXR

Back 191

Right Atrium

Front 192

Dx
In lung histology, enlarged centrally located epithelial cell

Back 192

CMV

Front 193

What type of virus is CMV

Back 193

Enveloped, dsDNA virus

Front 194

Acid fast stain tests for what component?

Back 194

Mycolic acid

Front 195

Which astham drugs works on vagally mediated bronchoconstriction

Back 195

Ipratropium

Front 196

How far does lung pleura go superiorly?

Back 196

Past the clavicle

Front 197

Dx
Lung infection, endospores packed inside spherules

Back 197

Coccidioides immitis

Front 198

Mech of ARDS

Back 198

Damage to Endothelial cells --> Pulmonary capillary leakage of fluid into alveoli

Front 199

Dx criteria of ARDS

Back 199

1) Acute onset lung dysfunction
2) Pulmonary edema
3) Normal L Atrial pressure
4) PaO2/FIO2 <200

Front 200

Dx
Nodular glomerular sclerosis

Back 200

Diabetic Nephropathy (Kimmelstiel-Wilson) lesion

Front 201

Which bone tumor is most associated with Paget's disease?

Back 201

Osteosarcoma

Front 202

Dx
Bone shows crescent sign with subchondral collapse

Back 202

Avascular necrosis

Front 203

Dx
Osteophytes and joint space narrowing

Back 203

Osteoarthritis

Front 204

Dx
Generalized osteosclerosis and pathologic fractures

Back 204

Osteopetrosis

Front 205

Dx
Bone area of myixed lysis and sclerosis with focal periosteal elevation

Back 205

Osteosarcoma

Front 206

Dx
Lump in throat without medical evidence of obstruction

Back 206

Globus Hystericus

Front 207

What normally coats urate crystals in gout keeping them from being immunogenic/inflammatory?

Back 207

ApoE and ApoB

Front 208

Dx
Fibrous-walled cysts within the subchondral bone, joint mice

Back 208

Osteoarthritis

Front 209

Which Vitamin can be highly teratogenic?

Back 209

Vitamin A

Front 210

Dx
Fetal microcephaly, cardiac anomalies, early epiphyseal closure, growth retardation or spontaneous abortion

Back 210

VitA toxicity in utero

Front 211

MOA
Oseltamivir

Back 211

Neuraminidase inhibitor of Influenza A and Influenza B

Only effective if taken within first 48 hrs

Front 212

What does Neuraminidase do?

Back 212

It allows flu virions to cleave themselves away from membrane to infect other cells

Front 213

Dx
180 base pair DNA segments

Back 213

DNA laddering = Apoptosis

Front 214

Action on Muscarinic smooth muscles:
Atropine =
Phytostigmine =

Back 214

Atropine = Relaxation
Physostigmine = Contraction

Front 215

What does Pralidoxime do?

Back 215

Antidote to Organophosphate Anticholinesterase inhibitor

It reactivates Cholinesterases by dephosphorylating them

Front 216

How are Benzos metabolized?
Diazepam -
Midazolam -
Lorazepam -

Back 216

Diazepam - Hepatic oxidation
Midazolam - Hepatic oxidation
Lorazepam - Hepatic glucoronidation

Front 217

Dx
Confusion, blurred vision, dry mucous membranes, intense thirst

Back 217

Anticholinergic toxicity
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter

Front 218

Word for when one gene has many phenotypic results

Back 218

Pleiotropy

Front 219

Dx
Rare genetic disease in children, but in no earlier family members

Back 219

Germline mutation or mosaicism

Front 220

Indication for Fish Oil

Back 220

Refractory Hypertriglyceridemia

Front 221

Physical exam frequency for Diabetics
Foot inspection -
Pinprick sensation -

Back 221

Foot inspection - Daily
Pinprick sensation - Yearly

Front 222

Translocation in Auer rods

Back 222

t(15;17) in AML

Front 223

Who makes IL-2 and what does it do?

Back 223

-IL-2 is made by T cells
-It stimulates differentiation of T cells, B cells, NK cells, and Macros

Front 224

Who makes IL-1 and what does it do?

Back 224

-Made by Mononuclear phagocytes?
-Activates lymphocytes and promotes fever, lethargy, and anorexia

Front 225

Who makes TNF-alpha and what does it do?

Back 225

-Made by Macros
-Induces systemic inflammatory response and ultimately septic shock and cachexia

Front 226

Who makes IFN-alpha and what does it do?

Back 226

-Made by basically all cells except T cells
-Antiviral function

Front 227

Who makes GM-CSF and what does it do?

Back 227

-Made by many cells
-Promotes stem cell production of granulocytes and monocytes

Front 228

Characteristics of cadherins
(3)

Back 228

1) In desmosomes
2) Between cells
3) Ca dependent

Front 229

Dx
Multiple firm, flesh-colored, dome shaped papules on on the skin, filled with pruritic material and umbilicated

Back 229

Molloscum contagiosum

Front 230

Dx
Multiple blue violet dermal plaques on feet and legs before spreading proximally, also on mucosal membranes and genitals

Back 230

Kaposi's sarcoma

Front 231

Trigger for Bile and Pancreatic juice

Back 231

Duodenal acidity

Front 232

Which structure is frequently damaged in anterior and posterior tibial dislocations at the knee?

Back 232

Popliteal artery

(pinned by surrounding muscles)

Front 233

Which structure is injured with Penetrating trauma to Popliteal fossa?

Back 233

Tibeal nerve

Front 234

Bug in Endometritis

Back 234

Bacteroides (most common amongst mixed flora)

Front 235

Can 2 yr olds get shingles?

Back 235

Apparently

Front 236

How do Tyrosine Kinase receptors transmit into cell?

Back 236

Via Dimerization

Front 237

Interview technique:
1) Vicarious understanding of patient's feelings
2) Expression of concern for patient's experiences
3) Drawing the patient's attention to discrepancies in the story
4) Encouraging the patient to talk more about their experienvce
5) Repeating what the patient said in order to cofirm understanding show hearing

Back 237

1) Empathy
2) Support
3) Confrontation
4) Facilitation
5) Reflection

Front 238

Dx
Chronic nasal congestion that worsens with abrupt changes in temperature or humidity or exposure to odors or alcohol, HA, anosmia, sinusitis

Back 238

Vasomotor rhinitis

Front 239

Dx
Chronic nasal discharge, atrophic nasal mucosa, thinning of the nasal septum, oropharyngeal ulcers

Back 239

Chronic Cocaine insufflation

Front 240

What does GFR increase to after nephrectomy?

Back 240

80%

Front 241

Where in penis do phosphodiesterase inhibitors work?

Back 241

Corpus cavernosum

Front 242

What stimulates pancreas to secrete bicarb?

Back 242

Secretin

Front 243

Dx
Flashbacks, hypervigilance, irritability and poor concentration following an event
Less than 4 weeks =
More than 4 weeks =

Back 243

Less than 4 weeks = Acute Stress Disorder
More than 4 weeks = PTSD

Front 244

Difference between Adjustment Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Timeline:
Sx:
Trigger:

Back 244

Timeline: Adjustment is within 3 months of stessor, Stress d/o is quick but cannot last past 4 weeks --> PTSD
Sx: Share many (Sleep problems, irritability, poor concentration) but Adjustment doesn't have flashbacks or nightmares.
Trigger: Adjustment is emotional (e.g. divorce), Stress d/o is generally life threatening

Front 245

Dx
HIV pt, fever, HA, seizures, personality changes, and psychosis

Back 245

Herpes virus Encephalitis

Front 246

Defect in porphyria that causes intermittent abdominal pain and neurologic manifestations after exposure to medication.

Back 246

HMB Synthase in Acute Intermittent Porphyria

Front 247

What do the numbers next to pedigree mean?

Back 247

Their ages

Front 248

Inheritance of Hemophilias A and B?

Back 248

Both X linked Recessive

Front 249

Characteristics of Exudate lab findings
(2)

Back 249

1) Pleural protein/serum > 0.5
2) Pleural LDH/serum > 0.6 (or 2/3 of upper limit of normal LDH)

Front 250

What is myasthenia gravis associated with?

Back 250

Thymoma

Front 251

Most common bugs in Setic Joint:
(2)

Back 251

1) Nisseria gonorrhea
2) Staph aureus

Front 252

Which embryologic structures do not form well in DiGeorge

Back 252

3rd and 4th Pharyngeal pouches

Front 253

Lab abnormalities in DKA
K -
Na -
Anion Gap -
Ammonia -

Back 253

K - Hi
Na - Low
Glucose - Hi
Anion Gap - Hi
Ammonia - Hi

Front 254

Dx
Downward displacement of elongated cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum

Back 254

Arnold-Chiari malformation

Front 255

Dx
Enlarged posterior fossa, midline cyst representing expanded fourth ventricle replaces vermis

Back 255

Dandy-Walker syndrome

Front 256

Dx
Fluid filled cavities within the medulla

Back 256

Syringobulbia

Front 257

Dx
Blind vaginal pouch, Testosterone Hi, LH Hi, FSH normal

Back 257

Androgen insensitivity

(-Testosterone high because Tests present, and leydig cells makes but hypothalamus doesn't respond to it so LH hi too.
-FSH normal because sertoli cells present and make nl FSH with normal feedback.
-Female phenotype bc Testesterone eventually converted to estradiol.
-No uterus bc MIF made by Sertoli cells.

Front 258

Long lasting alpha receptor blockers used for Pheos

Back 258

Phenoxybenzamine

Front 259

Dx
Premie with brain injury

Back 259

Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Germinal Matrix

Front 260

Ototoxic chemotherapy agent

Back 260

Cisplatin

Front 261

S/e of Antiarrhytmic
Delayed onset interstitial pneumonitis

Back 261

Amiodarone

Front 262

MOA
Misoprostol on stomach

Back 262

Binds Prostaglandin receptor to
1) Increase mucus production
2) Decrease parietal cell acid secretion

Front 263

What is Aspirin Intolerant Asthma?

Back 263

Asthmatics who get Nasal Congestion and Bronchospasm from ASA via Leukotrienes

Front 264

What post-translational modification can anchor proteins to cell membrane?

Back 264

Palmitoylation

Front 265

What is the purpose of Glucoronidation?

Back 265

Generally to detoxify or metabolize substances in the liver

Front 266

MOA
Nitroglycerin

Back 266

Systemic Venous dilation --> Decerased pre load and SV --> Reduced CO --> Reflexive tachycardia and contractility inc --> Ultimately PVR remains unchanged with slight dec in preload, afterload, and CO

Ultimately reducing myocardial oxygen consumption relative to coronary perfusion

Front 267

Dx
Short stature, short metacarpal and metatarsal bones, lo Ca, Hi PTH

Back 267

Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy

(a type of Pseudohypoparathyroidism, i.e. end organ PTH resistance)

Front 268

Different mutations in the same genetic locus cause similar phenotypes

Back 268

Allelic heterogeneity

(e.g. Becker's and Duchenne's both at same locus)

Front 269

What induces bronchospasm in Asthma?

Back 269

Leukotriene D4

Front 270

What causes hyperpigmentation in Hemochromatosis

Back 270

Hemosiderin deposits w/in the dermis

Front 271

Dx
Hepatomegaly, skin hyperpigmentation, the sugar, impotence, arthropathy, cardiac dysfunction

Back 271

Hemochromatosis

Front 272

Does the IVC experience increased pressure during Portal HTN?

Back 272

Despite increased volume/pooling NO inc in pressure

Front 273

Bugs in Impetigo
(2)

Back 273

1) Staph aureus
2) Group A Strep

Front 274

Bug in: Ecthyma gangrenosum, hot tub folliculitis, pyoderma, and green nail syndrome

Back 274

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Front 275

Acidifying the bacterial medium inhibits which antibiotic resistance mechanism?

Back 275

Pumping out the abx

Front 276

Biochem Mech of Achondroplasia

Back 276

Arg for Gly in FGFR-3 on c'some 4

Front 277

Gene involved with fused digits

Back 277

FGFR-2

Front 278

Gene in Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Back 278

COL1A

Front 279

Which c'some is Bruton's Agammaglobulinemia on?

Back 279

X c'some

Front 280

What is the purpose of the hydrophobic amino acids for membrane bound proteins?

Back 280

Signals the SRP to move the growing strand from Cytosol into RER

Front 281

Dx
Branched chain ketoaciduria

Back 281

Maple syrup urine disease
(defect in Alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase)

Front 282

Which vitamin is necessary for Alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (as in maple syrup urine disease)?

Back 282

VitB1 (thiamine)

Front 283

Dx
Infant is pale and edematous, massively enlarged liver, fhx of hemoglobinopathy

Back 283

Infant is Hb Bart's (i.e. complete alpha thalassemia)

Front 284

Glucagon works with which 2 messenger system?

Back 284

Gs --> Adenylate cyclase --> cAMP

Front 285

What does Red Safranin O stain?

Back 285

Cartilage

Front 286

Which parts of the pheo pathway can be methylated before they become VMA?

Back 286

Norepi --> Normetanephrine --> VMA
Epi --> Metanephrine --> VMA

Front 287

What are ABG changes in Pulmonary Embolism?
(3)

Back 287

Hypoxemia --> Respiratory Alkalosis
pO2 Low
pCO2 Low
pH High

Front 288

Platelet Aggregating Factor (PAF) is stimulated through which 2 messenger system?

Back 288

Gq --> IP3 --> Ca from RER

Front 289

Why do Peptic ulcers get Abx?

Back 289

To prevent H pylori RECURRENCE
(apparently not to eradicate infxn)

Front 290

Dx criteria for NF-1

Back 290

2 or more of:
1) 6 or more Cafe au lait spots
2) Freckling
3) 2 or more Neurofibromas or 1 Plexiform neurofibroma
4) Optic nerve glioma
5) Irish Lisch nodules
6) 1st degree relative with NF-1

Front 291

What are soft, flesh colored non tender papules in NF-1?

Back 291

Neurofibromas (benign tumors)

Front 292

What is inheritance of NF-1?

Back 292

Autosomal dominant with 100% Penetrance but Variable Expressivity

Front 293

Which Abx can cause widespread release of histamine from mast cells?

Back 293

Vancomycin

(i.e. Red Man syndrome)

Front 294

Which cell is screwed up in Idiopathic Pulmonary HTN?

Back 294

Pulmonary endothelial cell

Front 295

Dx
Bloody diarrhea, mucosal hemmorhage and patchy areas of necrosis in bowel --> Edematous transmural infarctions

Back 295

Ischemic colitis

Front 296

Dx
Hypoglycemia after prolonged fast with imparied ketogenesis

Back 296

Beta oxidation defect
Usually a Medium Chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

Front 297

Which proto-oncogene is a GTP membrane protein?

Back 297

Ras

Front 298

MOA
Rosiglitazone

Back 298

Increases GLUT4 expression on Adipocytes

Front 299

MOA
Glyburide

Back 299

Closes K channel on Beta cells promoting Insulin secretion

Front 300

MOA
Metformin

Back 300

Decreases gluconeogenesis and increases glycolysis

Front 301

Dx
Mouth ulcers, perineal abscess

Back 301

Crohn's disease

Front 302

What does Cimetidine due to PT on warfarin?

Back 302

Increases it Gradually

Front 303

How is Warfarin gotten rid of?

Back 303

Hepatic P45o system

Front 304

Complete MOA
Albuterol

Back 304

Gs --> Adenyl cyclase --> cAMP --> Inhibits myosin phosphorylation in bronchial smooth muscle --> Dilation

Front 305

Deposit in Osteomalacia

Back 305

Oseoid

Front 306

What is Li-Fraumeni Syndrome?
Inheritance

Back 306

Familal cancer syndrome of Breast and Soft tissue Sarcomas

Inherited as One allele deletion in tumor supressor (usually p53)

Front 307

Dx
Fever, cough, hemoptysis, Southwest USA

Back 307

Coccidioides immitis

Front 308

Dx
Lymphocytic infiltration of thryoid gland with germinal center formation

Back 308

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Front 309

Inheritance of Muscular dystrophies

Back 309

X linked recessive

Front 310

Dx
Bird's beak on barium swallow

Back 310

Achalasia (aka Lack of peristalsis from lack of relaxing)

Front 311

Which efferent neurons are not myelinated?

Back 311

Postganglionic autonomic neurons

Front 312

Which HLA II component is degraded by macros before presentation?

Back 312

Invariant chain

Front 313

Dx
Glossal pain, dry mouth, atrophy of the tongue papillae, alopecia

Back 313

Iron deficiency

Front 314

MOA
Fungal -Conazoles

Back 314

Impair lipid (Egestrol) synthesis in Fungal Cell Membrane

Front 315

Dx
Vaginal pain and pruritis, white atropic patches of skin on labia

Back 315

Lichen Sclerosus

Front 316

Leukoplakia can affect only what surfaces?

Back 316

Mucosal

Front 317

Dx
Conjunctivitis, urethritis, and seronegative arthritis

Back 317

Reactive Arthritis (Reiter's sx)

Front 318

Of Celiac Disease
Skin Manifestation -
Bowel Histology -

Back 318

Skin Manifestation - Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Bowel Histology - Atrophy of intestinal wall

Front 319

What layer is a skin callus in?

Back 319

Stratum corneum (the top layer)

Front 320

What hormone is high in perncious anemia?

Back 320

Gastrin (due to hypochlorhydria)

Front 321

Which testicular tumor regresses with lying down?

Back 321

Varicocele

Front 322

Acanthosis nigricans NOT in diabetes indicates what?

Back 322

GI tract cancer

Front 323

Tx for Mechanical heart valve

Back 323

Lifelong Warfarin + ASA

Front 324

Embyrologic cardiac structure affected in DiGeorge

Back 324

Truncus arteriosus

Front 325

Which Ig need isotype switching

Back 325

IgG, IgA and IgE

M and D don't

Front 326

Dx
Macrophages that look like wrinkled tissue paper

Back 326

Gaucher's Disease (Glucocerebrosidase deposition)

Front 327

Epinephrine has which 2nd messenger pathway?

Back 327

Phospholipase C --> IP3 --> Ca

Front 328

MOA
Infliximab

Back 328

Anti TNF-alpha agent
(a monoclonal antibody against TNF-a)

Front 329

Dx
"Broom"like structure on silver stain

Back 329

Aspergillus

Front 330

Bacteria take up naked DNA

Back 330

Transformation

Front 331

Phages insert new nuclear material into Bacteria

Back 331

Transduction

Front 332

Dx
HIV pt with renal disease

Back 332

FSGS
(Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis)

Front 333

What is erB2?

Back 333

(HER2/neu) growth factor over-expressed in breast cancer

Front 334

Dx
Sudden onset back pain, hematuria, and oliguria with Anion Gap acidosis

Back 334

Ethylene glycol poisoning

(Ethylene glycol metabolites cause Ca oxalate crystal deposition and renal failure)

Front 335

Which lymph node is sentinel for abdominal malignancy?

Back 335

Left Supraclavicular (Virchow's node)

Bc that's where thoracic duct empties

Front 336

Inc or Dec will Increase contraction velocity of muscle:
Preload -
Afterload -
Extracellular Ca -
Passive Tension -

Back 336

Preload - Inc
Afterload - Dec
Extracellular Ca - Inc
Passive Tension - Inc

Front 337

What does Aspergillus do (special)?

Back 337

Vascular invasion

Front 338

Which part of spleen is bigger in Splenomegaly due to congestion?

Back 338

Red Pulp

Front 339

Tx
Acute variceal bleeding

Back 339

Somatostatin (octreotide) bc it reduces splanchnic blood flow by inhibiting Glucagon and VIP

Front 340

MOA
Colchicine

Back 340

Inhibits microtubule polymerization --> inhibiting Leukocyte migration and phagocytosis

Front 341

Most comm S/e of Thiazolidinedione tx

Back 341

Fluid retention/edema --> Weight gain

Front 342

Sex Hormone levels in anorexia

Back 342

All down

Front 343

Signal that acts on Adrenal Medulla

Back 343

ACh

Front 344

Dx
Diabetes, immunocompromise, fever, back/flank pain, inguinal mass, Difficulty WALKING and Extending at Hip

Back 344

Psoas abscess

Front 345

Dx
Carpopedal spasms soon after birth, aortic arch abnormaliity

Back 345

DiGeorge

Front 346

Dx
Over-expression of MHC I on sarcolemma and inflitration of CD8+ T cells

Back 346

Polymyositis

Front 347

Dx, and localize lesion
Motor vehicle collision, CP, back pain, SOB

Back 347

Aortic rupture
at Aortic Isthmus (most commonly)

Front 348

S/e (3)
And Mechanism of Amphotericin B

Back 348

MOA: Binds membrane steroids (Ergosterol in fungi, less affinity in human membranes)
S/e:
1) Nephrotoxicity
2) Hypokalemia
3) Hypomagnesemia

Front 349

What reaction does sunlight exposure catalyze in Vit D production?

Back 349

Step 1: 7-Dehydrocholesterol to Cholecalciferol

Front 350

S/e of these 3 drugs is decreasing Seizure Threshold

Back 350

1) Bupropion
2) Isoniazid
3) Imipenem

Front 351

What is the medium that contains Vanc, Colistin, Nystatin, and Trimethoprim?
Significance?

Back 351

Thayer-Martin media selects for Neisseria species

Front 352

Dx
1) High Aldosterone, Low Renin
2) High Aldosterone, High Renin

Back 352

1) Primary Hyperaldosteronism
2) Secondary Hyperaldosteronism

Front 353

Causes of
Hyperaldosteronism with High Renin
(4)

Back 353

Secondary Hyperaldosteronism
1) Renovascular JTN (e.g. renal a. atherosclerosis)
2) Diuretic use
3) Malignant HTN
4) Renin secreting tumor

Front 354

Tx
Acute DKA

Back 354

Regular Insulin

Front 355

Duration of action of regular Insulin

Back 355

Peaks 2-4 hrs, duration 5-8 hrs

Front 356

What allows Ca levels to decrease after muscle cell fires?
(2)

Back 356

1) Ca ATPase
2) Na/Ca exchange
Both on Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 357

When is Pulmonary vascular resistance lowest in Spirometry

Back 357

At the end of quiet expiration.
(Functional Residual Capacity)

Front 358

Dx
UTI, hematuria in children

Back 358

Adenovirus
causing Hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 359

Dx
Maternal virilization during pregnancy and masculinization of fetus

Back 359

Aromatase deficiency

Front 360

Dx
Ambiguous genitalia, salt wasting neonate

Back 360

21-Hydroxylase deficiency

Front 361

Dx
Ambiguous genitalia, salt retention

Back 361

17-Hydroxylase deficiency

Front 362

Dx
DIC, bilateral hemorrhagic destruction of adrenal glands

Back 362

Meningococcal sepsis

Front 363

What is the purpose of the HMP shunt?

Back 363

To create NADPH to make Steroids and FAs

Front 364

Mechanism
Macrosomia and hypoglycemia in Gestational diabetes

Back 364

High BG crosses placenta --> Beta cell hyperplasia --> Hypoglycemia and growth

Front 365

Dx
Child with tarry stool, Tc scan localizes to RLQ

Back 365

Meckel's Diverticulum (failure of Omplahlomesenteric closure)

Front 366

What innervates Anterior 2/3s of Tongue
Sensation =
Gustatory =

Back 366

Sensation = Mandibular CN V
Gustatory = Chorda Tympani CN VII

Front 367

What innervates Posterior 1/3 of Tongue?
Taste, pain, temperature, touch =

Back 367

CNs 9 and 10

Front 368

What is activated in Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis?

Back 368

Trypsin

Front 369

Associated with EBV that isn't mono
(2)

Back 369

1) Burkitt's lymphoma
2) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Front 370

Mech of Factor V Leiden Hypercoagulability

Back 370

Mutated Factor V is not inactivated by Protein C

Front 371

Dx
Transaminitis, trouble speaking and standing

Back 371

Wilson's Disease

Front 372

Dx study
Normocytic anemia, with v low retics, normal anemia work up, normal lymph and plts

Back 372

Chest CT for Thymoma for
Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA)

Front 373

Pickwickian sx vs OSA

Back 373

Pickwickian is due to obesity so is all the time so Hypoxemia and Hypercapnia on ABG even during day.

OSA has normal ABG when awake.

Front 374

Pathognomonic Trisomies
Dec AFP =
Inc Beta =
Dec PAPP-A =

Back 374

Dec AFP = 18
Inc Beta = 21
Dec PAPP-A = 13