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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major E. coli virulence factors and what do they lead to?
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1) Fimbriae (P, S, and Type I) - allow adhesion to urothelia → UTI, pyelonephritis
2) K-capsule → Neonatal meningitis, pneumonia 3) LPS endotoxin → septic shock (d/t macrophage activation → IL-1, TNF-α) |
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How do you treat alcohol withdrawal? What is the potentially lethal syndrome associated w/ alcohol withdrawal?
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1) Benzodiazepines
(w/drawal is happening d/t ↓regulated GABA(a) receptors) 2) Delirium tremens (DTs) - peaks 2-5 days after last drink - ANS hyperactivity - Psych symptoms |
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What are Langerhans cells, where are they found, and what is their characteristic granule?
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Professional APC's (Dendritic cells) found in the skin
Derived from myeloid line. Have Birbeck granules = "racquet shaped" |
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What structures pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure?
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1) Entering → Eye Muscle Control = CN III, IV, VI
2) Exiting: - Corneal Reflex (sensory) = V1 - Blood supply = Ophthalmic Vein |
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What is the first part of the brain damaged during global cerebral ischemia? What are the other areas that follow shortly after?
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1) Hippocampus! (pyramidal cells)
then... 2) Neocortex (pyramidal cells) 3) Cerebellum (purkinje cells) |
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What are the structures that pass through the Foramen Ovale?
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oV(3)ALE:
- V3 = mandibular n. - A = accessory meningeal a. - L = lesser petrosal n. - E = emissary v.v. |
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What are the common K+ sparing diuretics?
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K+ STAEs @ the CT:
- S-pironolactone - T-riamterene - A-miloride - E-plerenone |
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What is leukocyte adhesion deficiency and what are the symptoms?
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LAD is a defect in Leukocyte's LFA-1 (Integrin) molecule (AR; CD18).
Prevents tight binding w/ endothelia and therefore can't exit the blood stream to site of infection. Syx = poor wound healing, delayed umbilical separation, gingivitis, recurrent skin infections (but w/o pus) |
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what are the motor and sensory controls of the Obturator nerve?
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L2-L4
Motor = ADDuction of the thigh (obturADDor) Sensory = Medial thigh |
